Itshathi yokukhula

Iitshathi zokukhula zisetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ubude bomzimba, ubunzima, kunye nobukhulu bentloko ngokuchasene nabantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo.

Iitshathi zokukhula zinokukunceda wena nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ulandele umntwana wakho njengoko ekhula. Ezi tshathi zinokunika isilumkiso kwangethuba sokuba umntwana wakho unengxaki kwezonyango.

Iitshathi zokukhula zaphuhliswa kulwazi olufunyenwe ngokulinganisa kunye nobunzima bamawaka abantwana. Ukusuka kula manani, umndilili wesisindo sobude kunye nokuphakama kweminyaka nganye kunye nesini kwasekwa.

Imigca okanye iirveve kwiitshathi zokukhula zixelela ukuba bangaphi abanye abantwana eUnited States abalinganisa isixa esithile kwiminyaka ethile. Umzekelo, ubunzima kumgca wama-50 wepesenti kuthetha ukuba isiqingatha sabantwana eUnited States sinobunzima obungaphezu kwelo nani kwaye isiqingatha sabantwana sinobunzima obungaphantsi.

YINTONI UMTHETHO WOKUKHULA UKUTHUTHA

Umboneleli womntwana wakho uya kulinganisa oku kulandelayo kutyelelo ngalunye lomntwana olungileyo:

• Ubunzima (kulinganiswa ngee-ounces kunye neepawundi, okanye iigrama kunye neekhilogram)
• Ukuphakama (kulinganiswa xa ulele kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3, kwaye ngelixa umile kubantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka emi-3)
• Isangqa seNtloko, umlinganiso wobukhulu bentloko obuthathwe ngokusongela itheyiphu yokulinganisa ngasemva kwentloko ngentla kwamashiya

Ukuqala kubudala be-2, isalathiso sobunzima bomzimba womntwana (BMI) sinokubalwa. Ukuphakama kunye nobunzima zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-BMI. Imilinganiselo ye-BMI inokuqikelela amanqatha omzimba womntwana.

Imilinganiselo nganye yomntwana wakho ibekwe kwitshathi yokukhula. Le milinganiselo emva koko ithelekiswa nenqanaba eliqhelekileyo (eliqhelekileyo) labantwana besini esifanayo kunye nobudala. Itshathi efanayo iya kusetyenziswa xa umntwana wakho ekhula.

INDLELA YOKUQONDA ICANDELO LOKUKHULA

Abazali abaninzi banexhala xa befumanisa ukuba ukuphakama komntwana, ubunzima, okanye ubungakanani bentloko yakhe buncinci kunabo babantwana abaninzi abakwiminyaka efanayo. Banexhala lokuba umntwana wabo uza kuphumelela esikolweni, okanye abenakho ukuqhubeka nemidlalo.

Ukufunda iinyani ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo kunokwenza kube lula kubazali ukuba baqonde ukuba zithini imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo:

• Iimpazamo kumlinganiso zinokwenzeka, umzekelo ukuba usana luyaxhuma esikalini.
• Umlinganiso omnye awunokumela umfanekiso omkhulu. Umzekelo, umntwana omncinci usenokuphulukana nobunzima emva kokuphuma kwesifo sohudo, kodwa uya kubuyisa ubunzima emva kokuba isigulo siphelile.
• Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwento ethathwa "njengesiqhelo." Kungenxa yokuba umntwana wakho ekwipesenti ye-15 yesisindo (oko kuthetha ukuba abantwana abangama-85 kwabali-100 banobunzima obungaphezulu), eli nani kunqabile ukuba lithethe ukuba umntwana wakho uyagula, awumondli ngokwaneleyo umntwana wakho, okanye ubisi lwakho lwebele alonelanga kusana lwakho.
• Imilinganiselo yomntwana wakho ayixeli kwangaphambili ukuba iya kuba mide, imfutshane, ityebe, okanye ibhitye njengomntu omdala.

Olunye utshintsho kwitshathi yokukhula komntwana wakho lunokukhathaza umboneleli wakho ngaphezu kwabanye:

• Xa enye yemilinganiselo yomntwana wakho ihlala ingaphantsi kwe-10 yeepesenti okanye ngaphezulu kweepesenti ze-90 zobudala babo.
• Ukuba intloko ikhula kancinci okanye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu xa ilinganiswa ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Xa imilinganiselo yomntwana wakho ingahlali kufutshane nomgca omnye kwigrafu. Umzekelo, umboneleli unokukhathazeka ukuba umntwana oneenyanga ezi-6 ebekwi-75th percentile, kodwa emva koko wafudukela kwi-25 yepesenti ngeenyanga ezili-9, kwaye wehla ezantsi kwiinyanga ezili-12.

Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwiitshathi zokukhula luphawu lwengxaki enokubakho. Umboneleli wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ngaba yingxaki yokwenyani yezonyango, okanye ukuba ukukhula komntwana wakho kufuna nje ukujongwa ngononophelo.

Ubude kunye itshathi ubunzima

• Isangqa seNtloko
• Ubude / itshathi yobunzima

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Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lweZifo, iZiko leLizwe leNkcukacha-manani ngezeMpilo. Iitshathi zokukhula kweCDC. www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/cdc_charts.htm. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 7, 2016. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 7, 2019.

UCooke DW, uDival SA, uRadovick S. Ukukhula kwesiqhelo kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwabantwana. Ku: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 24.

UKimmel SR, uRatliff-Schaub K. Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 22.