Ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo kulutsha

Ukufunda ukuqhuba lixesha elinomdla kulutsha nakwabazali babo. Ivula ukhetho oluninzi kulutsha, kodwa ikwabeka emngciphekweni. Abantu abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-24 banelona zinga liphezulu lokusweleka okunxulumene nemoto. Ireyithi lelona liphezulu kubafana abancinci.

Abazali kunye nolutsha kufuneka babe nolwazi ngeendawo ezinengxaki kwaye bathathe amanyathelo okuphepha iingozi.

YENZA ISIBOPHO SOKHUSELEKO

Ulutsha kufuneka lubophelele ekukhuseleni nasekuqhubeni abaqhubi ukuze baphucule amathuba abo.

• Ukuqhuba ngokungakhathali kuseyingozi kulutsha-nokuba kukhuseleko lweemoto.
• Bonke abaqhubi abatsha kufuneka bathathe ikhosi yokufunda yomqhubi. Ezi zifundo zinokunciphisa umngcipheko wengozi.

Abaqhubi kunye nabakhweli kufuneka basebenzise amanqaku okhuseleko lwemoto ngalo lonke ixesha. Oku kubandakanya amabhanti okuhlala, imitya yamagxa, kunye neentloko zentloko. Qhuba kuphela iimoto ezineebhegi zomoya, iideshi ezinamaphiko, iglasi yokhuseleko, iikholamu zokuhamba ezinokuwela, kunye neziqhoboshi ezichasene nokutshixa.

Iingozi zeemoto zikwangunobangela okhokelela ekufeni kwiintsana nasebantwaneni. Iintsana nabantwana abancinci kufuneka baboshwe ngokufanelekileyo kwisihlalo sokhuseleko lwabantwana esilinganayo nesifakwe ngokuchanekileyo kwisithuthi.

KUPHEPHE UKUQHUBA KWIZITHUTHI

Iziphazamiso yingxaki kubo bonke abaqhubi. Sukusebenzisa iiselfowuni xa uthetha, uthumela imiyalezo, okanye i-imeyile xa uqhuba.

• Iiselfowuni kufuneka zicinywe xa uqhuba ukuze ungalingwa ukufowuna, ukuthumela okanye ukufunda izicatshulwa, okanye ukuphendula ifowuni.
• Ukuba iifowuni zishiyelwe ukusetyenziswa okungxamisekileyo, suka endleleni ngaphambi kokuba uphendule okanye uthumele umyalezo.

Ezinye iingcebiso zibandakanya:

• Kulumkele ukuzithambisa xa uqhuba, nokuba umi kancinci okanye kumile, kunokuba yingozi.
• Gqiba ukutya ngaphambi kokuqala imoto yakho kunye nokuqhuba.

Ukuqhuba nabahlobo kunokukhokelela kwiingozi.

• Ulutsha lukhuselekile xa luqhuba lodwa okanye nosapho. Kwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala, ulutsha kufuneka luqhube nomqhubi wabantu abadala onokubanceda bafunde imikhwa elungileyo yokuqhuba.
• Abaqhubi abatsha kufuneka balinde ubuncinci iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ngaphambi kokuba bathathe abahlobo njengabagibeli.

Ukufa okuhambelana nolutsha olufikisayo kwenzeka rhoqo kwiimeko ezithile.

EZINYE IINKCUKACHA ZOKHUSELEKO KWABASELULA

• Ukuqhuba ngokungakhathali kuseyingozi, nokuba usebenzisa amabhanti ezihlalo. Musa ukungxama. Kukhuselekile ukufika emva kwexesha.
• Kuphephe ukuqhuba ebusuku. Izakhono zakho zokuqhuba kunye nengqondo zikhula nje kwiinyanga zokuqala zokuqhuba. Ubumnyama bongeza enye into ukuze umelane nayo.
• Xa uyozela, yeka ukuqhuba de ulumke ngokupheleleyo. Ubuthongo bunokubangela iingozi ezingaphezulu kotywala.
• Ungaze usele kwaye uqhube. Ukusela kunciphisa ukucamngca kunye nokulimaza umgwebo. Ezi ziphumo zenzeka kuye nabani na oselayo. Ke, UNGAZE usele kwaye uqhube. HLALA ufumana umntu oqhuba engakhange asele-nokuba oku kuthetha ukufowuna okungonwabisiyo.
• Iziyobisi zisenokuba yingozi njengotywala. Musa ukudibanisa ukuqhuba nentsangu, ezinye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni okanye naliphi na iyeza elimiselweyo elikwenza wozele.

Abazali kufuneka bathethe nabakwishumi elivisayo malunga "nemithetho yokuqhuba yasekhaya."

• Yenza "isivumelwano sokuqhuba" esibhaliweyo esityikitywa ngabazali nolutsha.
• Ikhontrakthi kufuneka ibandakanye uluhlu lwemithetho yokuqhuba kunye nolutsha olunokulindela ukuba imigaqo yaphuliwe.
• Isivumelwano kufuneka sichaze ukuba abazali banelizwi lokugqibela malunga nemithetho yokuqhuba.
• Xa ubhala ikhontrakthi, zithathele ingqalelo yonke imiba yokuqhuba enokuvela.

Abazali banokwenza oku kulandelayo ukunceda ukuthintela ulutsha ekuseleni nasekuqhubeni:

• Xelela ulutsha lwabo ukuba lubize umnxeba kunokuba bangene emotweni nomqhubi obesela okanye xa besela. Thembisa ukohlwaya ukuba bayatsalela umnxeba kuqala.

Abanye abantwana bayaqhubeka nokuxuba ukuqhuba nokusela. Kumazwe amaninzi, umzali kufuneka atyikithele umntwana ofikisayo ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ukuze afumane iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba. Ngalo naliphi na ixesha phambi komhla wokuzalwa kwe-18 umzali angala uxanduva kwaye urhulumente uya kulithatha iphepha-mvume.

Ukuqhuba kunye nolutsha; Ulutsha kunye nokuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo; Ukhuseleko lweemoto-abaqhubi abakwishumi elivisayo

UDurbin DR, uMirman JH, uCurry AE, et al. Iimpazamo zokuqhuba zabafundi kulutsha: ukuhamba rhoqo, indalo kunye nokunxulumana kwabo nokuziqhelanisa. I-Analid eyadlulayo ngaphambili. Ngo-2014; 72: 433-439. IINKCUKACHA: 25150523 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25150523.

U-Li L, iiShults RA, kunye noAndridge RR, uYellman MA, et al. Ukuthumela imiyalezo / ukuthumela i-imeyile ngelixa uqhuba phakathi kwabaFundi beZikolo eziPhakamileyo kwi-35 States, eUnited States, ngo-2015. J Impilo yoLutsha. 2018; 63 (6): 701-708. IINKCUKACHA: 30139720 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30139720.

Peek-Asa C, Cavanaugh JE, Yang J, Chande V, Young T, Ramirez M.Ukulawula ulutsha lukhuselekile: uvavanyo olungenamkhethe longenelelo olusekwe kubazali ukuphucula ukuqhuba kolutsha okukhuselekileyo. BMC yeMpilo yoLuntu. Ngo-2014; 14: 777. IINKCUKACHA: 25082132 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25082132.

Shults RA, Olsen E, Williams AF; Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC). Ukuqhuba phakathi kwabafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo-eUnited States, 2013. MMWR Mntundini wokufa Wkly Rep. 2015; 64 (12): 313-317. IINKCUKACHA: 25837240 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25837240.