Amayeza eekhawuntareni

Ungathenga amayeza amaninzi ngeengxaki ezincinci evenkileni ngaphandle kokuyalelwa (ngapha kwe-counter).

Iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo zokusebenzisa amayeza ngaphandle kwekhawunta:

• Soloko ulandela umkhombandlela kunye nezilumkiso. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba uqale iyeza elitsha.
• Yazi into oyithathayo. Jonga uluhlu lwezithako kwaye ukhethe iimveliso ezinezinto ezimbalwa ezidwelisiweyo.
• Onke amayeza akasasebenzi ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kufuneka kutshintshwe. Jonga umhla wokuphelelwa ngaphambi kokusebenzisa nayiphi na imveliso.
• Gcina amayeza kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo. Gcina onke amayeza kwindawo engenakufikelelwa ngabantwana.

Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo kufuneka bathethe nomnikezeli wabo ngaphambi kokuba bathathe naliphi na iyeza elitsha.

Amayeza achaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Abantu abakula maqela mabudala kufuneka bathathe inkathalelo eyodwa xa besebenzisa amayeza eekhawuntareni.

Jonga umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza eekhawuntareni ukuba:

• Iimpawu zakho zibi kakhulu.
• Awuqinisekanga ukuba yintoni ingxaki kuwe.
• Unengxaki yezonyango ixesha elide okanye uthatha amayeza kagqirha.

I-ACHES, IINTLUNGU, NEentloko Zentloko

Amayeza eentlungu angaphezulu kwekhawuntari anokunceda kwintloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zesifo samathambo, ukuqaqanjelwa, kunye nezinye iingxaki zokudibana kunye nezihlunu.

• I-Acetaminophen - Zama eli yeza kuqala kwintlungu yakho. Sukuthatha ngaphezulu kwe-3 gram (3,000 mg) ngalo naluphi na usuku. Amanani amaninzi anokulimaza isibindi sakho. Khumbula ukuba iigrama ezi-3 zimalunga neepilisi ezi-6 ezongezelelekileyo okanye iipilisi ezili-9 eziqhelekileyo.
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID) -Ungathenga ezinye ii-NSAID, ezifana ne-ibuprofen kunye ne-naproxen, ngaphandle komyalelo.

Omabini la mayeza anokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu xa uwathatha ngeedosi eziphezulu okanye ixesha elide. Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba uthatha la mayeza amaxesha amaninzi ngeveki. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ujongwe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

IFIVA

I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) kunye ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) inceda ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kubantwana nakubantu abadala.

• Thatha i-acetaminophen qho kwiiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6.
• Thatha ibuprofen qho kwiiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8. MUSA ukusebenzisa ibuprofen kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6.
• Yazi ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unobunzima obungakanani ngaphambi kokuba anike la mayeza.

I-Aspirin isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekunyangeni umkhuhlane kubantu abadala. UNGAYINIKI i-aspirin emntwaneni ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli womntwana wakho ukuxelele ukuba kulungile.

YIBANDALA, UQEQESHE UMQOQO, UKHOKELE

Amayeza abandayo anokunyanga iimpawu ezikwenza uzive ungcono, kodwa awenzi mfutshane umkhuhlane. Ukuthatha izongezo ze-zinc kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 ukuqala kokubanda kunokunciphisa iimpawu kunye nexesha lokubanda.

PHAWULA: Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana wakho naluphi na uhlobo lwamayeza abandayo e-over-counter, nokuba ngaba ibhalwe kubantwana.

Amayeza ukhohlokhohlo:

• IGuaifenesin -Inceda ukuqhekeza i-mucus. Sela amanzi amaninzi ukuba uthatha eli yeza.
• I-Menthol throat lozenges - Ithambisa "inyumbaza" emqaleni (Iiholo, iRobitussin, kunye neVick).
• Amayeza okukhwehlela olwelo nge-dextromethorphan -Ayinqandi umnqweno wokukhohlela (iBenylin, iDelsym, iRobitussin DM, iSikhohlela nje, iVick 44, kunye nevenkile).

Ukuxhathisa:

• Ama-Decongestants anceda ukucoca impumlo egudileyo kunye nokuthintela ukubhobhoza kwasemva kokubeleka.
• Izifafazi zeempumlo ezinqabileyo zinokusebenza ngokukhawuleza, kodwa zinokuba nefuthe lokubuya xa uzisebenzisa ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5. Iimpawu zakho zinokuba zibi ngakumbi xa uqhubeka nokusebenzisa ezi zitshizi.
• Jonga umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza okususa ukunganyanzeleki ukuba unengxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi okanye iingxaki zeprostate.
• Amagqabantshintshi ngomlomo-iPseudoephedrine (Contac Non-Drowsy, Sudafed, kunye nevenkile zeemveliso); I-phenylephrine (i-PE e-Sudafed kunye nevenkile zevenkile).
• Isitshizi sempumlo esincamisayo - iOxymetazoline (Afrin, Neo-Synephrine Nighttime, Sinex Spray); I-phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Sinex Capsules).

Amayeza emqala obuhlungu:

• Ukufafaza kwiintlungu ezinqabileyo-iDyclonine (Cepacol); i-phenol (iChloraseptic).
• Iintlungu zentlungu - iAcetaminophen (iTylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve).
• Iilekese ezilukhuni ezinxibe umqala-Ukumunca iilekese okanye umqala womqala kunokuthoba. Lumka kubantwana abancinci ngenxa yomngcipheko wokukrwitshwa.

IINGXAKI

Iipilisi ze-Antihistamine kunye nolwelo lusebenza kakuhle ekunyangeni iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba.

• Ii-antihistamines ezinokubangela ubuthongo-iDiphenhydramine (iBenadryl); i-chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton); i-brompheniramine (i-Dimetapp), okanye i-clemastine (iTavist)
• I-Antihistamines ebangela ukulala kancinci okanye ukungalali kwaphela - iLoratadine (Alavert, Claritin, Dimetapp ND); i-fexofenadine (Allegra); icetirizine (iZyrtec)

Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza abangela ukulala emntwaneni, kuba anokuchaphazela ukufunda. Banokuchaphazela ukuphapha kubantu abadala.

Unokuzama:

• Amaconsi wamehlo-Thambisa okanye uthambise amehlo
• Uthintelo lwempumlo lothintelo - icromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom), fluticasone (Flonase)

UKUQHUTYWA KWESisu

Amayeza orhudo:

• Amayeza e-Antidiarrhea afana ne-loperamide (Imodium) - La mayeza anciphisa isenzo samathumbu kwaye anciphisa inani lokuhamba kwamathumbu.Thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba ubathathe kuba banokubangela ukuba isifo sohudo sibangele sisifo.
• Amayeza aqulathe i-bismuth-Inokuthathwa kwisifo sohudo (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol).
• Ulwelo lokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni - Isenokusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa urhudo ngokulinganayo nangokubanzima (Uhlalutyo okanye iPedialyte).

Amayeza isicaphucaphu nokugabha:

• Ulwelo kunye neepilisi zesisu esiswini - Inokukunceda isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha (i-Emetrol okanye iPepto-Bismol)
• Ulwelo lokubuyisa amanzi emzimbeni - Ingasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela ulwelo ekugabheni (Enfalyte okanye Pedialyte)
• Amayeza okunyakaza okuhamba-iDimenhydrinate (iDramamine); i-meclizine (iBonine, iAntivert, iPostafen, kunye neMilenze yoLwandle)

IIMVAVANYO ZOLUNTU NOKUTHANDA

• I-Antihistamines ethathwe ngomlomo-inokukunceda ukurhawuzelela okanye ukuba uneempawu zokwaliwa komzimba
• Ukhilimu we-Hydrocortisone-Unokukunceda nge-rashes encinci (iCortaid, iCortizone 10)
• Iimpawu zokuthambisa kunye neoyile- Inokukunceda ukuqubuka kwe-diaper kunye nerhash ebangelwa yimvubelo (nystatin, miconazole, clotrimazole, kunye ne ketoconazole)

Amayeza onawo ekhaya

• Iziyobisi

UGarza I, uSchwedt TJ, uRobertson CE, uSmith JH. Intloko kunye nezinye iintlungu ze-craniofacial. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl. 103.

IHabif TP. Dermatitis ephezulu. Ku: Habif TP, ed. I-Clinical Dermatology: Isikhokelo sombala wokufumanisa isifo kunye nonyango. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 5.

UMazer-Amirshahi M, uWilson MD. Unyango lweziyobisi kumguli wabantwana. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: Iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neKlinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 176.

Semrad CE. Sondela kwisigulana ngesifo sorhudo kunye ne-malabsorption. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 131.