Imikhokeli-yokuqwalaselwa kwesondlo

Ukuqwalaselwa kwesondlo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yelothe.

Inkokeli yinto yendalo enamawakawaka osetyenziso. Ngenxa yokuba isasazekile (kwaye ihlala ifihliwe), ilothe inokungcolisa ukutya namanzi ngaphandle kokubonwa okanye ukungcamlwa. EUnited States, kuqikelelwa ukuba isiqingatha sesigidi sabantwana abaneminyaka esi-1 ukuya kwesi-5 banamanqanaba angalunganga kwilothe egazini labo.

Ilothe inokufumaneka kwimpahla enkonkxiweyo ukuba kukho i-lead solder kwiitoti. Ilothe inokufumaneka kwezinye izikhongozeli (isinyithi, iglasi, kunye ne-ceramic okanye udongwe olugudisiweyo) kunye nezinto zokupheka.

Ipeyinti endala idala eyona ngozi inkulu kwityhefu yelothe, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Amanzi empompo kwimibhobho ekhokelayo okanye kwimibhobho ene-solder yelothe ikwangumthombo welothe efihliweyo.

Abaphambukeli kunye neembacu abantwana basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana ityhefu yelothe kunaleyo yabantwana abazelwe e-United States ngenxa yokutya kunye nezinye iingozi zokuvezwa ngaphambi kokufika e-US.

Umthamo omkhulu welothe ungonakalisa inkqubo yamathumbu, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, izintso, kunye nenkqubo yegazi kwaye inokukhokelela nasekufeni. Ukuqhubeka kokuvezwa kwenqanaba elisezantsi kubangela ukukhokelela ekuqokeleleni emzimbeni kwaye kubangele nomonakalo. Kuyingozi ngakumbi kwiintsana, ngaphambi nasemva kokuzalwa, nakubantwana abancinci, kuba imizimba yabo kunye nengqondo zikhula ngokukhawuleza.

Uninzi lweearhente zombuso ziyafunda kwaye zibeke esweni ukubonakaliswa kokukhokelela. Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) zikhokela kukutya, iziselo, izikhongozeli zokutya kunye netafile. I-Arhente yokuKhuselwa kokusiNgqongileyo (i-EPA) ibeka esweni amanqanaba akhokelayo kumanzi okusela.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yelothe:

• Sebenzisa amanzi empompo umzuzu ngaphambi kokuba usele okanye upheke ngawo.
• Ukuba amanzi akho avavanye phezulu kwilothe, cinga ukufaka isixhobo sokucoca ulwelo okanye ukutshintshela emanzini asebhotileni okusela nokupheka.
• Gwema izinto ezinamathanga ezivela kumazwe angaphandle kude kuthintelwe ukusebenza kweenqanawa ezithengisiweyo.
• Ukuba izikhongozeli zewayini ezingenisiwe zinefilili esongwayo, sula irim kunye nentamo yebhotile ngetawuli emanzi enejusi yelamuni, iviniga, okanye iwayini ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
• Ungayigcini iwayini, imimoya, okanye iviniga esekwe kwisaladi yokuhombisa kwii-crystal decanters ixesha elide, njengoko ilothe inokungena kulwelo.

Ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo:

• Ipeyinti ngaphezulu kwepeyinti endala enelothe ukuba ikwimeko entle, okanye susa ipeyinti endala kwaye upeyinte kwakhona ipeyinti engenakhokelo. Ukuba ipeyinti ifuna ukuba isanti okanye isuswe kuba iyanqunqwa okanye iyaxobuka, fumana ingcebiso malunga nokususwa okukhuselekileyo kwiZiko loLwazi leNkokheli kuZwelonke (800-LEAD-FYI).
• Gcina ikhaya lakho lingenathuli kangangoko kwaye wonke umntu ahlambe izandla phambi kokuba atye.
• Lahla iithoyi ezindala ezipeyintiweyo ukuba awazi nokuba zinepeyinti engenasikhokelo na.

Ityhefu yelothe - ukuqwalaselwa kwesondlo; Isinyithi esinetyhefu -ukuqwalaselwa kwesondlo

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Khokela. www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/default.htm. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-18 ngo-Okthobha i-2018. Ifikeleleke ngoJanuwari 9, 2019.

UMarkowitz M. Ityhefu yelothe. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 739.

UTheobald JL, uMycyk MB. Intsimbi kunye nezinyithi ezinzima. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 151.