Agoraphobia

I-Agoraphobia luloyiko olukhulu kunye noxinzelelo lokuba kwiindawo ekunzima ukubaleka kuzo, okanye apho uncedo lunokungafumaneki. I-Agoraphobia ihlala ibandakanya ukoyika izihlwele, iibhlorho, okanye ukuba ngaphandle wedwa.

I-Agoraphobia luhlobo lwesifo sokukhathazeka. Oyena nobangela we-agoraphobia awaziwa. I-Agoraphobia ngamanye amaxesha yenzeka xa umntu ehlaselwa kukuphakuzela kwaye eqala ukoyika iimeko ezinokukhokelela kolunye uhlaselo loloyiko.

Nge-agoraphobia, uyaziphepha iindawo okanye iimeko kuba ungaziva ukhuselekile kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Uloyiko lubi ngakumbi xa indawo igcwele.

Iimpawu ze-agoraphobia zibandakanya:

• Ukoyika ukuchitha ixesha wedwa
• Ukoyika indawo apho kunokuba nzima ukubaleka
• Ukoyika ukuphulukana nolawulo kwindawo kawonke-wonke
• Kuxhomekeka kwabanye
• Ukuziva uhlukanisiwe okanye wahluliwe kwabanye
• Ndiziva ndingenakuzinceda
• Ndiva ukuba umzimba awuyonyani
• Ndiva ukuba imeko-bume ayisiyonyani
• Ukuba nomsindo okanye ukuphazamiseka okungaqhelekanga
• Ukuhlala endlini ixesha elide

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zinokubandakanya:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungonwabi
• Ukukrwitsha
• Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla
• Isihlunu okanye esinye isisu
• Intliziyo ebalekayo
• Ukuphefumla okufutshane
• Ukubila
• Ukungcangcazela

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kujonga imbali yakho ye-agoraphobia kwaye uya kufumana inkcazo yokuziphatha kuwe, kusapho lwakho, okanye kubahlobo.

Injongo yonyango kukukunceda uzive kwaye usebenze ngcono. Impumelelo yonyango ihlala ixhomekeke kwinxalenye yokuba iagoraphobia inzima kangakanani. Unyango luhlala ludibanisa unyango oluthethayo kunye neyeza. Amayeza athile ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo kunokuba luncedo kwesi sifo. Basebenza ngokuthintela iimpawu zakho okanye ukubenza babe nzima kakhulu. Kufuneka uthathe la mayeza yonke imihla. SUKUYEKE ukuthatha okanye utshintshe idosi ngaphandle kokuthetha nomboneleli wakho.

• I-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiweyo (i-SSRIs) ihlala ikhethwa kuqala kwi-antidepressant.
• I-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (i-SNRIs) lolunye ukhetho.

Amanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo okanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzula nawo anokuzama.

Amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-sedatives okanye i-hypnotics nawo anokumiselwa.

• La mayeza kufuneka athathwe kuphela phantsi kolawulo lukagqirha.
• Ugqirha wakho uya kukumisela inani elilinganiselweyo lala machiza. Akufanele zisetyenziswe yonke imihla.
• Zingasetyenziswa xa iimpawu ziba nzima kakhulu okanye xa sele uza kuvezwa kwinto ehlala izisa iimpawu zakho.

Ukunyanga kwengqondo ngokuziphatha (i-CBT) luhlobo lonyango lwentetho. Kubandakanya utyelelo lwe-10 ukuya kwengama-20 nengcali yezempilo yengqondo kwiiveki ezininzi. I-CBT ikunceda utshintshe iingcinga ezibangela imeko yakho. Inokubandakanya:

• Ukuqonda nokulawula iimvakalelo ezigqwethekileyo okanye iimbono zeziganeko zoxinzelelo okanye iimeko
• Ukufunda ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye neendlela zokuphumla
• Ukuphumla, emva koko ucinge ngezinto ezibangela uxinzelelo, ukusebenza koyena mncinci woyika koyikeka kakhulu (okubizwa ngokuba kukuhlehla okungafunekiyo kunye nokunyanga ngokunyanga)

Unokufumana kancinci kancinci imeko-yokwenyani ebangela uloyiko lokukunceda woyise.

Indlela yokuphila esempilweni equka ukuzilolonga, ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokutya okusempilweni nako kunokuba luncedo.

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokuba ne-agoraphobia ngokujoyina iqela lenkxaso. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Amaqela enkxaso ahlala engekho endaweni elungileyo yonyango lwentetho okanye ukuthatha amayeza, kodwa kunokuba longezo oluluncedo.

Jonga apha ngezantsi ngolwazi kunye nenkxaso kubantu abane-agoraphobia:

Ixhala kunye noMbutho woXinzelelo eMelika-adaa.org/supportgroups

Uninzi lwabantu lunokuba ngcono ngamayeza kunye ne-CBT. Ngaphandle koncedo lwakwangoko nolusebenzayo, ingxaki inokuba nzima ukunyanga.

Abanye abantu abane-agoraphobia banokuthi:

• Sebenzisa utywala okanye ezinye iziyobisi ngelixa uzama ukuzinyanga ngokwakho.
• Ungabinakho ukusebenza emsebenzini okanye kwiimeko zentlalo.
• Ziva ulilolo, ulilolo, uxinezelekile, okanye uzibulala.

Tsalela umnxeba kwindibano kunye nomboneleli wakho ukuba uneempawu ze-agoraphobia.

Unyango kwangoko lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunokuhlala kuthintela i-agoraphobia.

Ixhala lokuphazamiseka-i-agoraphobia

• Ukuphazamiseka kovalo nge-agoraphobia

Umbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika. Ukuxhalaba. Ku: Umbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika, u-ed. Unyango woNyango kunye neNgcaciso yeNcwadi yokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo. Umhla we-5. IArlington, VA: Ukupapashwa kwengqondo yaseMelika; Ngo-2013: 189-234.

ICalkins AW, Bui E, Taylor CT, Pollack MH, LeBeau RT, uSimon NM. Ukuxhalaba. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ii-eds. Isibhedlele saseMassachusetts Jikelele esiBanzi seNyango yoNyango. Ngomhla wesi-2. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 32.

U-Lyness JM. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunyango. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: isahluko 369.

IZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo yeNgqondo iwebhusayithi. Ukuxhalaba. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJulayi 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoJuni 17, 2020.