Iifomula zeentsana

Ngexesha lokuqala kwiinyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 zobomi, iintsana zifuna kuphela ubisi lwebele okanye ubisi olungumgubo lokuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zazo zesondlo. Iifomula zeentsana zibandakanya umgubo, ulwelo oluxineneyo kunye neefom ekulungele ukuzisebenzisa.

Kukho iifomula ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ezingaseliyo ubisi lwebele. Ngelixa kukho umahluko, iifomula zeentsana ezithengiswa eUnited States zinazo zonke izondlo iintsana ekufuneka zikhule kwaye zikhule.

IINTLOBO FORMULAS

Iintsana zifuna i-ayoni ekutyeni kwazo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ifomula eqiniswe ngentsimbi, ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli wezempilo womntwana wakho akathi.

Iifomula ezisekwe kubisi lweenkomo eziqhelekileyo:

• Phantse zonke iintsana ziqhuba kakuhle kwiifomula ezisekwe kubisi lweenkomo.
• Ezi fomula zenziwe ngeprotein yobisi lwenkomo etshintshiwe ukuze ifane nobisi lwebele. Ziqulathe i-lactose (uhlobo lweswekile elubisini) kunye neeminerali ezisuka kubisi lwenkomo.
• Ioyile yemifuno, kunye nezinye iiminerali kunye neevithamini zikwifomula.
• Ukuxhalaba kunye ne-colic ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo kubo bonke abantwana. Amaxesha amaninzi, iifomula zobisi lweenkomo azingonobangela bezi mpawu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngekhe ufune ukutshintshela kwifom eyahlukileyo ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki. Ukuba awuqinisekanga, thetha nomboneleli wosana lwakho.

Iifomula ezisekwe kwisoy:

• Ezi fomula zenziwa kusetyenziswa iiproteni zesoy. Ayinayo i-lactose.
• IAmerican Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) icebisa ukusebenzisa iifomula zobisi lwenkomo xa kunokwenzeka endaweni yeefomula ezisekwe kwisoya.
• Kubazali abangafuni ukuba umntwana wabo adle iiprotein zezilwanyana, i-AAP icebisa ukuncancisa. Iifomula ezisekwe kuSoy lukhetho.
• Iifomula ezisekwe kwisoy azikaqinisekiswa ukuba ziyanceda ekunciphiseni ubisi okanye ii-colic. Iintsana ezingadibaniyo nobisi lwenkomo nazo zisenokuba zi-aleji kubisi lwe-soy.
• Iifomula ezisekwe kwisoy kufuneka zisetyenziselwe iintsana ezinegalactosemia, imeko enqabileyo. Ezi fomyula zinokusetyenziselwa abantwana abangakwaziyo ukugaya i-lactose, engaqhelekanga kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12.

Iifomula ze-Hypoallergenic (iiprotein hydrolyzate formulas):

• Olu hlobo lwefomyula lunokuba luncedo kwiintsana ezinokungalungeli kwiprotein yobisi kunye nakwabo abanesikhumba okanye ukuvutha komzimba okubangelwa zizinto ezithile.
• Iifomula zeHypoallergenic zihlala zibiza kakhulu kuneefomula eziqhelekileyo.

Iifomula ezingenasiphelo seLactose:

• Ezi fomyula zikwasetyenziselwa i-galactosemia kunye nabantwana abangakwaziyo ukugaya i-lactose.
• Umntwana onesifo sokurhuda ngesiqhelo akasayi kuyidinga ifomula engena-lactose.

Kukho iifomula ezizodwa zabantwana abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna ifomula ekhethekileyo. SUKUZINIKI ezi zinto ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wabantwana uyacebisa.

• Iifomula ze-Reflux zixinaniswe kwangaphambili ngesitashi selayisi. Zihlala zifuneka kuphela kwiintsana ezine-Reflux ezingafumani bunzima okanye ezingonwabanga kakhulu.
• Iifomula zabantwana abazelwe ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nobunzima bokuzalwa zinama-calories kunye neeminerali ezongezelelweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezi ntsana.
• Iifomula ezizodwa zinokusetyenziselwa iintsana ezinesifo sentliziyo, ii-malabsorption syndromes, kunye neengxaki zokugaya amanqatha okanye ukuqhubekeka kwee-amino acid ezithile.

Iifomula ezintsha ngaphandle kwendima ecacileyo:

• Iifomula ezisakhasayo zinikezelwa njengokongezwa kwesondlo kubantwana abancinci abatya ukutya. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, aziboniswanga ukuba zingcono kunobisi kunye neevithamini ezininzi. Ziyabiza kakhulu.

Uninzi lweefomyula lunokuthengwa ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Iifomyula ezilungele ukusetyenziswa-awudingi ukongeza amanzi; zilungele, kodwa zibiza ngaphezulu.
• Iifomula zolwelo ezigxininisiweyo- kufuneka zixutywe namanzi, iindleko ezingaphantsi.
• Iifomula ezifakwe umgubo- kufuneka zixutywe namanzi, zibize ixabiso elincinci.

I-AAP icebisa ukuba zonke iintsana zondliwe ubisi lwebele okanye ifomula eyomeleleyo yentsimbi okungenani iinyanga ezili-12.

Usana lwakho luza kuba nendlela eyahlukileyo yokondla, kuxhomekeke ekubeni bayancanciswa

Ngokubanzi, abantwana abancancisayo bathanda ukutya rhoqo.

Iintsana ezondliwa ngefomula zingadinga ukutya malunga namaxesha amathandathu ukuya kwasi-8 ngosuku.

• Qalisa usana olusanda kuzalwa kunye nee-ounces ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 (60 ukuya kuma-90 eemililitha) zefomula ngokutya (iyonke i-16 ukuya kuma-24 ii-ounces okanye ama-480 ukuya kuma-720 eemililitha ngemini).
• Umntwana kufuneka abe ubuncinci ukuya kwii-ounces ezi-4 (i-120 milliliters) nganye yokondla ukuphela kwenyanga yokuqala.
• Njengokuncancisa, inani lokondla liya kuncipha njengoko umntwana esiya ekhula, kodwa isixa sefomula siyakonyuka siye kuma-ounces ayi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 (i-180 ukuya kwi-240 yeemililitha) ngokondla.
• Ngokomndilili, usana kufuneka lutye malunga nee-ounces ezi-2½ (75 milliliters) zefomula ngeponti nganye (453 gram) yobunzima bomzimba.
• Kwiinyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ubudala, usana kufuneka lusebenzise ii-ounces ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-40 (i-600 ukuya kwi-1200 yeemililitha) yefomula kwaye ihlala ilungele ukuqala ukutshintshela kukutya okuqinileyo.

Ubisi olungumgubo lweentsana lunokusetyenziswa de umntwana abe nonyaka ubudala.I-AAP ayicebisi ubisi lwenkomo rhoqo kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye. Emva konyaka omnye, umntwana kufuneka afumane kuphela ubisi lonke, angabinalo ubisi olunamafutha okanye olunamafutha ancitshisiweyo.

Iifomula eziqhelekileyo ziqulethe i-20 Kcal / ounce okanye i-20 Kcal / 30 milliliters kunye ne-0.45 gram yeprotein / ounce okanye i-0.45 yeeprotheyini / yeemililitha ezingama-30. Iifomula ezisekwe kubisi lweenkomo zilungele uninzi lwexesha elipheleleyo kunye neentsana zokuqala.

Iintsana ezisela ifomula eyaneleyo kwaye zityebe ngokwesiqhelo azidingi vithamini okanye minerali zongezelelweyo. Umboneleli wakho unokumisela i-fluoride eyongezelelweyo ukuba ifomula yenziwa ngamanzi angekachithwa.

Ukutyisa ifomula; Ukondla ngeebhotile; Ukhathalelo olusanda kuzalwa - ubisi olungumgubo lweentsana; Unonophelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka-ifomula yobusana

IAmerican Academy yeZilwanyana. Inani kunye neshedyuli yokondla ifomula. www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/formula-feeding/Pages/Amount-and-Shedyuli-Yeformula-Feedings.aspx. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJulayi 24, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoMeyi 21, 2019.

Iipaka EP, uShaikhalil A, uSainath NN, uMitchell JA, uBrownell JN, uStallings VA. Ukondla iintsana ezisempilweni, abantwana kunye nolutsha. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 56.

Seery A. Ukondla okuqhelekileyo kosana. Ku: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lukaConn 2019. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier 2019: 1213-1220.