Ityhefu yeCobalt

ICobalt yinto eyenzeka ngokwendalo kuqweqwe lomhlaba. Yinxalenye encinci yendalo esingqongileyo. ICobalt yinxalenye yevithamini B12, exhasa ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Imali encinci kakhulu iyafuneka kwizilwanyana kunye nabantu ukuze bahlale besempilweni. Ityhefu yeCobalt inokwenzeka xa ubhengeza isixa esikhulu sayo. Zintathu iindlela ezisisiseko zokuba i-cobalt inokubangela ityhefu. Unokuyiginya kakhulu, uphefumle kakhulu kwimiphunga yakho, okanye uhlale unxibelelana nolusu lwakho.

I-Cobalt ityhefu inokubakho ngenxa yokunxiba kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-cobalt / chromium yesinyithi-esisinyithi. Olu hlobo lokumilisela sisokhethi esenziwe ngomlenze esenziwe ngokufaka ibhola yesinyithi kwindebe yentsimbi. Ngamanye amaxesha, amasuntswana esinyithi (i-cobalt) akhululwa njengoko ibhola yesinyithi igaya ikomityi yentsimbi xa uhamba. Ezi zincinci zentsimbi (ions) zinokukhutshwa kwisokethi senyonga kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuhamba kwegazi, kubangele ityhefu ye-cobalt.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

ICobalt

ICobalt yinxalenye yevithamini B12, ivithamini ebalulekileyo.

ICobalt ikwafumaneka kwi:

• Iialloys
• Iibhetri
• Iiseti zeKhemistry / zeekristale
• Ukuqhuba i-bits, i-blade saw blades, kunye nezinye izixhobo zomatshini
• Idayi kunye nemibala (i-cobalt eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka)
• Iimagnethi
• Ezinye izinto ezifakwe kwisinyithi kwisinyithi
• Amavili

I-Cobalt yayisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuzinzisa kwi-foam yebhiya. Yadala imeko ebizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yomntu osela ibhiya, neyakhokelela ekubeni buthathaka kwezihlunu zentliziyo.

Olu luhlu alunakubandakanywa konke.

Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uvezwe kumanqanaba aphezulu e-cobalt kangangeeveki ukuya kwiinyanga ukuze ube neempawu. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube neempawu ezithile xa uginya isixa esikhulu se-cobalt ngaxeshanye.

Eyona ndlela ikhathaza kakhulu ityhefu ye-cobalt yenzeka xa uphefumla kakhulu kwimiphunga yakho. Oku kuhlala kwenzeka kuphela kuseto lweshishini apho izixa ezikhulu zokomba, ipolishi, okanye ezinye iinkqubo zikhupha amasuntswana amnandi aqukethe i-cobalt emoyeni. Ukuphefumla kolu cobalt uthuli kungakhokelela kwiingxaki ezingapheliyo zemiphunga. Ukuba uphefumla le nto ixesha elide, uya kuba neengxaki zokuphefumla ezifana ne-asthma okanye i-pulmonary fibrosis, njengokuphefumula okufutshane kunye nokunciphisa ukunyamezela.

Ityhefu yeCobalt eyenzeka kunxibelelwano rhoqo nolusu lwakho kunokubangela ukucaphuka kunye nokuqhuma okuhamba kancinci.

Ukuginya isixa esikhulu se-cobalt enokufunxeka ngaxeshanye kunqabile kwaye akunabungozi. Ingabangela isicaphucaphu nokugabha. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunxa isixa esikhulu se-cobalt ngaphezulu kwamaxesha amade kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu zempilo, ezinje:

• I-Cardiomyopathy (ingxaki apho intliziyo yakho iba nkulu kunye nefloppy kwaye ineengxaki zokumpompa igazi)
• Izithulu
• Iingxaki zemithambo-luvo
• Ukukhala ezindlebeni (tinnitus)
• Ukutyeba kwegazi
• Iingxaki ze-thyroid
• Iingxaki zombono

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uvezwe kwi-cobalt, inyathelo lokuqala kukushiya indawo kwaye ufumane umoya omtsha. Ukuba i-cobalt yadibana nolusu, hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, misela olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko (umzekelo, ngaba umntu uvukile okanye ulumkile?)
• Igama lemveliso (izithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Nangona kunjalo, SUKULIBAZA ukucela uncedo ukuba olu lwazi alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza.

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Le nombolo iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Ukuba uginye inani elikhulu le-cobalt, okanye uqala ukuziva ugula ngenxa yokuvezwa kwexesha elide, kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Unyango lokunxibelelana nolusuKuba ezi rashes zinqabile ukuba zibi, kuncinci kakhulu okuya kwenziwa. Indawo inokuhlanjwa kwaye kungamiselwa ukhilimu wesikhumba.

Unyango lokuzibandakanya kwemiphungaIingxaki zokuphefumla ziya kunyangwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho. Unyango lokuphefumla kunye namayeza ukunyanga ukudumba kunye nokudumba emiphungeni yakho kunokumiselwa. Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo, i-x-ray kunye ne-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo) kunokwenziwa.

Unyango lwe-cobalt eginyiweyo: Iqela lokhathalelo lwempilo liza kunyanga iimpawu zakho kunye noku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi. Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo, i-x-ray kunye ne-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo) kunokwenziwa. Kwimeko enqabileyo yokuba unamazinga amakhulu e-cobalt egazini lakho, unokufuna i-hemodialysis (umatshini wezintso) kwaye ufumane amayeza (ii-antidotes) ukubuyisa iziphumo zetyhefu.

Unyango lweempawu zetyhefu ye-cobalt kwityhefu yentsimbi yentsimbi inokubandakanya ukushenxisa ukufakelwa kunye nokufakwa endaweni yokufakwa kwe-hip kwesiko.

Abantu abagulayo ngenxa yokuvezwa sisixa esikhulu se-cobalt ngesihlandlo esinye bahlala bechacha kwaye abanangxaki yexesha elide.

Iimpawu kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nexesha elide le-cobalt yetyhefu kunqabile ukuba zibuyiselwe. Abantu abanetyhefu enjalo kuya kufuneka bathathe amayeza ubomi babo bonke ukulawula iimpawu.

Cobalt chloride; Cobalt oxide; Cobalt sulphate

UAronons JK. ICobalt. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikaMeyler zeziyobisi. Ngomhla we-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: 490-491.

ILombardi AV, iBergeson AG. Uvavanyo lwe-arthroplasty ehlulekileyo iyonke: imbali kunye novavanyo lomzimba. Ku: Scuderi GR, ed. Iindlela zokuhlaziya uHip kunye neKnee Arthroplasty. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 38.

Ilayibrari yeSizwe yase-US yamayeza, iiNkonzo zeNgcaciso eziKhethekileyo, iwebhusayithi yeToxicology Data Network. ICobalt, isiqalelo. YiyaTynet.nlm.nih.gov. Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 5, 2017. Ifikeleleke ngoJanuwari 17, 2019.