Hyperthyroidism

I-Hyperthyroidism yimeko apho i-thyroid gland yenza i-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid engasebenzi.

Idlala lengqula lilungu elibalulekileyo lenkqubo yonyango. Ime ngaphambili entanyeni ngasentla apho iikholeji zakho zidibana khona. Idlala lenza iincindi zamadlala ezilawula indlela zonke iiseli zomzimba ezisebenzisa ngayo amandla. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yimetabolism.

Izifo ezininzi kunye neemeko zinokubangela i-hyperthyroidism, kubandakanya:

• Isifo samangcwaba (esona sizathu siqhelekileyo sehyperthyroidism)
• Ukuvuvukala (i-thyroiditis) ye-thyroid ngenxa yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, amanye amayeza, okanye emva kokukhulelwa (okuqhelekileyo)
• Ukuthatha i-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi (eqhelekileyo)
• Ukukhula okungabonakaliyo komhlaza we-thyroid okanye i-pituitary gland (inqabile)
• Ezinye izicubu zeemvavanyo okanye ii-ovari (ezinqabileyo)
• Ukufumana uvavanyo lwe-imaging yezonyango ngophawu lwedayi ene-iodine (enqabileyo, kwaye kuphela xa kukho ingxaki kwi-thyroid)
• Ukutya ukutya okuninzi okune-iodine (kunqabile, kwaye kuphela xa kukho ingxaki kwi-thyroid)

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ixhala
• Kunzima ukugxila
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuhamba kwamathumbu rhoqo
• I-Goiter (ebonakalayo yandiswa idlala lengqula) okanye amaqhuqhuva edlala lengqula
• Ukulahleka kweenwele
• Ukungcangcazela kwesandla
• Ukunganyamezelani kobushushu
• Ukwanda kwesidlo
• Ukwanda kokubila
• Ukuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga kwabasetyhini
• Utshintsho lwesipikili (ubukhulu okanye ukubetha)
• Uvalo
• Ukubetha okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ukubetha (ukubetha)
• Ukungazinzi
• Iingxaki zokulala
• Ukunciphisa umzimba (okanye ukuzuza ubunzima, kwezinye iimeko)

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho nesi sifo:

• Ukukhula kwebele emadodeni
• Ulusu lweClammy
• Urhudo
• Ndiziva ndityhafile xa uphakamisa izandla
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukurhawuzela okanye ukucaphukisa amehlo
• Ulusu olurhawuzayo
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Amehlo aqhubayo (exophthalmos)
• Ukuqaqamba kolusu okanye ukugungxula
• Ukugqithisa kwesikhumba kwi-shins
• Ubuthathaka besinqe kunye namagxa

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uviwo lunokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-systolic (inani lokuqala kufundo lwexinzelelo lwegazi)
• Ukunyuka kwentliziyo
• Ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid gland
• Ukuxhawulana kwezandla
• Ukudumba okanye ukudumba ujikeleze amehlo
• Ingqondo eyomeleleyo kakhulu
• Ulusu, iinwele, kunye notshintsho kutshintsho

Uvavanyo lwegazi luyalelwa ukuba ulinganise iihomoni zakho ze-thyroid TSH, T3, kunye ne-T4.

Unokuba novavanyo lwegazi ukujonga:

• Amanqanaba echolesterol
• Iswekile
• Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid olukhethekileyo njenge-Thyroid receptor antibody (TRAb) okanye i-Thyroid evuselela i-Immunoglobulin (TSI)

Ukujonga iimvavanyo ze-thyroid kunokufuneka, kubandakanya:

• Ukuthathwa kwe-iodine ye-radioactive kunye nokuskena
• I-thyroid ultrasound (inqabile)

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobukhali beempawu.I-Hyperthyroidism ihlala inyangwa ngenye yezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Amayeza eAntithyroid (propylthiouracil okanye imethimazole) anciphisa okanye athintele iziphumo zehomoni eyongezelelweyo
• Iodine ye-radioactive ukutshabalalisa i-thyroid gland kunye nokuyeka ukuveliswa kwehomoni
• Utyando lokususa idlala lengqula

Ukuba idlala lengqula lisuswe ngotyando okanye latshatyalaliswa nge-iodine enemitha ye-radioactive, kuya kufuneka uthathe iipilisi ze-thyroid endaweni yazo yonke impilo yakho.

Amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-beta-blockers anokumiselwa ukuba anyange iimpawu ezinje ngesantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo, ukungcangcazela, ukubila kunye noxinzelelo kude kube kunokulawulwa i-hyperthyroidism.

I-Hyperthyroidism iyanyangeka. Ezinye izizathu zingahamba ngaphandle kwonyango.

Hyperthyroidism ebangelwa sisifo seMangcwaba ihlala isiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ineengxaki ezininzi, ezinye zazo zinzima kwaye zichaphazela umgangatho wobomi.

Ingxaki ye-thyroid (isiqhwithi) kukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kweempawu ze-hyperthyroidism ezinokuthi zenzeke ngokusuleleka okanye ukuxinezeleka. Umkhuhlane, ukunciphisa ukulumkisa, kunye nentlungu esiswini inokwenzeka. Abantu bafuna ukunyangwa esibhedlele.

Ezinye iingxaki zehyperthyroidism zibandakanya:

• Iingxaki zentliziyo njengokukhawuleza kwentliziyo, isingqi esingaqhelekanga sentliziyo, kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo
• Unyango
• Isifo samehlo (umbono ophindwe kabini, izilonda ze-cornea, ukulahleka kombono)

Iingxaki ezinxulumene notyando, kubandakanya:

• Ukurhawuzelela intamo
• Ukudakumba ngenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo kwibhokisi yelizwi
• Inqanaba eliphantsi le-calcium ngenxa yomonakalo kwiincindi ze-parathyroid (ezikufutshane ne-thyroid gland)
• I-Hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi)

Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kunokwenza ezinye iingxaki ze-hyperthyroidism zibi ngakumbi.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uneempawu zehyperthyroidism. Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela ku-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ukuba unayo:

• Guqula ukwazi
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukukhawuleza, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unyangwa i-hyperthyroidism kwaye uphuhlisa iimpawu ze-thyroid engasebenzi, kubandakanya:

• Uxinzelelo
• Ukonqena kwengqondo kunye nokwasemzimbeni
• Ukutyeba kwakho

Thyrotoxicosis; I-thyroid engasebenzi; Amangcwaba isifo - hyperthyroidism; I-thyroid - i-hyperthyroidism; Ityhefu ityhefu - hyperthyroidism; Amaqhuqhuva idlala lengqula - hyperthyroidism; Idlala lengqula - hyperthyroidism

• Ukususwa kwendlala ye-thyroid - ukukhutshwa

• Amadlala endocrine
• Goiter
• Ikhonkco le-Brain-thyroid
• Idlala lengqula

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Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, okqhubekayo. Izikhokelo zoMbutho we-Thyroid ye-2016 yokufumanisa isifo kunye nolawulo lwe-hyperthyroidism kunye nezinye izizathu zethrotoxicosis. Idlala lengqula. Ngo-2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. IINKCUKACHA: 27521067 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27521067/.

U-Wang TS, uSosa JA. Ulawulo lwehyperthyroidism. Ku: ICameron AM, uCameron JL, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lonyango. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2020: 767-774.

I-Weiss RE, Refetoff S. Umsebenzi wovavanyo lwe-thyroid. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2016: isahluko 78.