Ityhefu ye-ethanol

Ityhefu ye-ethanol ibangelwa kukusela kakhulu utywala.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

I-ethanol

Iziselo ezinxilisayo, kubandakanya:

• Ibhiya
• Ijini
• Ivodka
• Isiselo somdiliya
• Iwhiskey

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu zesisu.
• Ukudideka, intetho edibeneyo.
• Ngaphakathi (isisu kunye namathumbu) ukopha.
• Ukuphefumla kancinci.
• Isiphukuphuku (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokulumkisa), nkqu nekhoma.
• Ukuhamba okungazinzanga.
• Ukuphalaza, ngamanye amaxesha kunegazi.
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala gwenxa kunokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezongezelelekileyo kunye nokusilela kwamalungu amaninzi.

Ukuba ungavusa umntu omdala obesele kakhulu utywala, mthumele umntu kwindawo efanelekileyo yokulala ukuze angalali. Qiniseka ukuba umntu akazukuwa okanye enzakale.

Beka umntu kwelakhe icala ukuba angaphosa (ukugabha). MUSA ukumenza umntu alahle ngaphandle kokuba uxelelwe njalo ngugqirha okanye ngoLawulo lweTyhefu.

Jonga umntu rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imeko yakhe ayibi mbi.

Ukuba umntu akalumkanga (akekho zingqondweni) okanye uthe qwa (unokwazi), kunokufuneka uncedo olukhawulezileyo. Xa ungathandabuzeki, biza uncedo lwezonyango.

Olu lwazi lulandelayo luluncedo kuncedo olungxamisekileyo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama leziselo eziselwayo (izithako kunye namandla ukuba uyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Nangona kunjalo, SUKULIBAZA ukucela uncedo ukuba olu lwazi alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza.

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Le nombolo yesizwe iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Umntu angafumana:

• Inkxaso yomoya, kubandakanya ioksijini, ityhubhu yokuphefumla ngomlomo (intubation), kunye nokuphefumla (umatshini wokuphefumla)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT (ikhompyuter ye-tomography, okanye i-imaging ephambili) ukuskena, ukukhupha ezinye iingxaki okanye iingxaki
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (efakwa ngaphakathi okanye IV)
• Amayeza okunyanga iimpawu

Ukusinda ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ezidlulileyo kukuzinkcinkca ngotywala kuthetha ukuba umntu uya kuphila. Isifo sokurhoxa sinokukhula njengamanqanaba otywala kwigazi, ngoko umntu kufuneka ajongwe kwaye agcinwe ekhuselekile ubuncinci ezinye iiyure ezingama-24.

UAronons JK. Ethanol (utywala). Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikaMeyler zeziyobisi. Ngomhla we-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: 179-184.

UNelson ME. Iziselo ezinxilisayo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 141.

ILayibrari yeSizwe yezeMithi yase-US; IiNkonzo zoLwazi eziZodwa; Idatha yenethiwekhi yeToxicology. I-ethanol. YiyaTynet.nlm.nih.gov. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 18, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoFebruwari 14, 2019.