Lithium ityhefu

ILithium liyeza likagqirha elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Eli nqaku ligxile kwi-lithium overdose, okanye kwiityhefu.

• Ityhefu ebukhali yenzeka xa uginya iyeza eninzi kakhulu ngexesha elinye.
• Isifo setyhefu esingapheliyo senzeka xa usiya kancinci kancinci emthini we-lithium yonke imihla okwexeshana. Oku kuyinyani kulula ukuyenza, kuba ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, amanye amayeza, kunye nezinye iimeko zinokuchaphazela ngokulula indlela umzimba wakho ophatha ngayo i-lithium. Ezi zinto zinokwenza ukuba i-lithium yakheke ukuya kumanqanaba ayingozi emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukuchaphazeleka kwityhefu engapheliyo kwenzeka xa uhlala uthatha i-lithium yonke imihla kwisifo se-bipolar, kodwa ngenye imini uthatha isixa esongezelelweyo. Oku kunokuba kuncinci njengeepilisi okanye ibhotile yonke.

ILithium liyeza elinoluhlu olunqabisekileyo lokhuseleko. Ityhefu ebalulekileyo inokubangela xa inani le-lithium elithathiweyo lingaphezulu kolu luhlu.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

ILithium liyeza elinokuba yingozi kwisixa esikhulu.

ILithium ithengiswa phantsi kwamagama eebranti ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• YeCibalith
• ICarbolith
• Imvelaphi
• Lithobid

Qaphela: ILithium ikwafumaneka kwiibhetri, izinto zokuthambisa, ukusebenza kwealkloys zentsimbi kunye nezinto zokuthengisa. Eli nqaku ligxile kuphela amayeza.

Iimpawu zeentlobo ezintathu zetyhefu ye-lithium zichazwe apha ngezantsi.

UBUTYEKI OBUKHONA

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuthatha i-lithium eninzi ngexesha elinye zibandakanya:

• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukuhlanza
• Urhudo
• Iintlungu zesisu
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ubuthathaka

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ithathwe kangakanani i-lithium, umntu unokuba nazo ezinye zeempawu zoluvo lulandelayo:

• I-Coma (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda, ukunqongophala kokuphendula)
• Ukungcangcazela kwesandla
• Ukungabikho kolungelelwaniso lweengalo kunye nemilenze
• Ukudumba kwemisipha
• Ukuxhuzula
• Intetho egudileyo
• Ukungalawuleki kwamehlo
• Utshintsho kwisimo sengqondo okanye ukucinga okutshintshileyo

Iingxaki zentliziyo zinokwenzeka kwiimeko ezinqabileyo:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci

UBUTYEKI OBUQHELEKILEYO

Akunakubakho nasiphi na isisu okanye iimpawu zamathumbu. Iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke zibandakanya:

• Ukwanda kwengqondo
• Intetho egudileyo
• Ukungcangcazela okungalawulekiyo (ukungcangcazela)

Kwiimeko ezinzima zetyhefu engapheliyo, kunokubakho inkqubo ye-neva kunye neengxaki zezintso, ezinje:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukusela ulwelo oluninzi
• Ukuchama ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo
• Iingxaki zememori
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentshukumo, ukujija kwezihlunu, ukungcangcazela kwezandla
• Iingxaki zokugcina iityiwa emzimbeni wakho
• I-Psychosis (iinkqubo eziphazamisayo zokucinga, indlela yokuziphatha engalindelekanga)
• I-Coma (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda, ukunqongophala kokuphendula)
• Ukungabikho kolungelelwaniso lweengalo kunye nemilenze
• Ukuxhuzula
• Intetho egudileyo

KHAWULEZA KWI-TOXICITY EQHELEKILEYO

Kuza kubakho rhoqo isisu okanye iimpawu zamathumbu kunye neempawu ezininzi zenkqubo ye-neva ebhalwe apha ngasentla.

Misela oku kulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (izithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe
• Nokuba ngaba amayeza amiselwe umntu lowo

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Thatha ikhonteyina leyo uyise esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa amanqanaba e-lithium kunye nezinye iikhemikhali zomzimba, kunye neemvavanyo zomchamo ukufumana amanye amachiza
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kubafazi abancinci
• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwengqondo kwezinye iimeko

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Amayeza okunyanga iimpawu
• Amalahle asebenzayo, ukuba ezinye izinto zithathiwe
• Laxative
• Unkcenkceshelo olupheleleyo lwamathumbu ngesisombululo esikhethekileyo esithathwe ngomlomo okanye ngetyhubhu ngempumlo ungene esiswini (ukukhupha i-lithium ekhutshwe ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi esiswini nasemathunjini)
• I-dialysis yezintso (umatshini)

Ukuba umntu unesifo se-lithium esinobungozi, ukuba benza kakuhle kangakanani kuxhomekeke ekubeni bathathe i-lithium kangakanani kwaye bafumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza. Abantu abangazivelisi iimpawu zenkqubo ye-neva bahlala bengenazo iingxaki zexesha elide. Ukuba iimpawu zenkqubo ye-nervous serious zenzeka, ezi ngxaki zinokuhlala zihleli.

Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukufumanisa isifo ekuqaleni. Oku kulibaziseka kungakhokelela kwiingxaki zexesha elide. Ukuba i-dialysis yenziwa ngokukhawuleza, umntu unokuziva engcono kakhulu. Kodwa iimpawu ezinjengememori kunye neengxaki zeemvakalelo zinokuhlala ngokusisigxina.

Acute i libanda, ezingapheliyo badla abe nembono embi. Iimpawu zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo zisenokungapheli, kwanasemva konyango nge-dialysis.

Ityhefu yeLithobid

UAronons JK. ILithium. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikaMeyler zeziyobisi. Ngomhla we-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: 597-660.

UTheobald JL, Aks SE. ILithium. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 154.