Isusa i-inki ityhefu

Isusa i-inki yikhemikhali esetyenziselwa ukuphuma kumabala e-inki. Ukususa i-inki ityhefu kwenzeka xa umntu eginya le nto.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. Sukuyisebenzisa ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu eyiyo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Izithako ezinetyhefu zibandakanya:

• Ukusela utywala (i-ethanol)
• Ukuhlikihla utywala (isopropyl alcohol, enokuba yityhefu kakhulu xa iginyiwe kumayeza amakhulu)
• Utywala beenkuni (i-methanol, enetyhefu kakhulu)

Ezi zithako zifumaneka:

• Isusa i-inki
• Iiblitshi ezingamanzi

Qaphela: Olu luhlu alunakuquka yonke imithombo yokususa i-inki.

Iimpawu zazo zonke iintlobo zetyhefu yotywala zinokubandakanya:

• Umonakalo wobuchopho
• Ukuncipha kokuphefumla
• Isiphukuphuku (ukunciphisa ulwazi, ukudideka kokulala)
• Ukungabikho zingqondweni

Iimpawu zemethanol kunye ne-isopropyl yotywala zinokubakho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Ubumfama
• Umbono omfiliba
• Abandisiweyo (abahluziweyo) abafundi

INKQUBO YE-GASTROINTESTINAL

• Intlungu zesisu
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Ukopha kakhulu kunye nokugabha igazi (ukopha)

INTLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, ngamanye amaxesha lukhokelela kukothuka
• Utshintsho olukhulu kwinqanaba le-asidi egazini (ibhalansi ye-pH), ekhokelela ekusileleni kwamalungu amaninzi
• Ubuthathaka
• Ukuwa

IINTSHINTSHO

• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso

AMANDLA NEENDLELA

• Ukukhawuleza, ukuphefumla nzulu
• Ulwelo emiphungeni
• Igazi emiphungeni
• Wayeka ukuphefumla

KOMSIba NAMATHAMBO

• Iintlanzi zomlenze

INKQUBO YENKONZO

• I-Coma (ukwehla kwenqanaba lokuqonda kunye nokusilela ekuphenduleni)
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula)

ULusu

• Ulusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imilebe, okanye iminwe (cyanosis)

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. Sukwenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba axelelwe ukuba enze njalo ngolawulo lwetyhefu okanye ingcali yezempilo.

Ukuba imichiza isesikhumbeni okanye emehlweni, coca amanzi amaninzi ubuncinci imizuzu eli-15.

Fumana olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (kunye nezithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Le nombolo yesizwe iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Iimpawu ziya kuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo. Umntu angafumana:

• Inkxaso yokuphefumla, kubandakanya ioksijini, ityhubhu engena emlonyeni ukuya emiphungeni, kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (umoya wokuphefumla).
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukukhangela ukutsha kwi-esophagus (ukugwinya ityhubhu) kunye nesisu.
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (nge-IV).
• I-dialysis yezintso (umatshini wokususa ityhefu kunye nokuchaneka kwesiseko seasidi).
• Iyeza (iyeza) ukubuyisela umva isiphumo setyhefu kunye nokunyanga iimpawu.
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukukhupha (ukumunca) isisu. Oku kwenziwa kuphela xa umntu efumana ukhathalelo lonyango kungaphelanga imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45 yetyhefu, kwaye inani elikhulu kakhulu leziyobisi liginyiwe.

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani betyhefu eginyileyo kunye nokuba unyango lufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ngokukhawuleza umntu ufumana uncedo lwezonyango, ngcono ithuba lokufumana kwakhona.

I-Methanol yeyona nto inobungozi kwaye inetyhefu enokuba sisithako xa kususwa i-inki. Ihlala ibangela ubumfama obungapheliyo.

UNelson ME. Utywala. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 141.

Tolwani AJ, Saha MK, Wille KM. I-Metabolic acidosis kunye ne-alkalosis. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo soKhathalelo oluBalulekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 104.

UZimmerman JL. Ityhefu. Ku: Parrillo JE, Dellinger RP, ii-eds. Unyango oluKhathalelayo oluBalulekileyo: Imigaqo yokuchongwa kunye noLawulo kuLuntu oluDala. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 65.