Vula ukususwa kwe-gallbladder

Ukususwa kwe-gallbladder evulekile kutyando lokususa i-gallbladder ngokusika okukhulu esiswini sakho.

I-gallbladder lilungu elihlala ngaphantsi kwesibindi. Igcina i-bile, esetyenziswa ngumzimba wakho ukwetyisa amafutha kumathumbu amancinci.

Utyando lwenziwa ngelixa uphantsi kweanesthesia ngokubanzi ukuze ube ulele kwaye ungenazintlungu. Ukwenza utyando:

• Ugqirha wenza i-intshi yesi-5 ukuya kwesi-7 (i-12.5 ukuya kwi-17.5 yeesentimitha) enqunqwe kwindawo ephezulu yesisu sakho, ngaphantsi kweembambo zakho.
• Indawo iyavulwa ukuze ugqirha abone i-gallbladder aze ayohlule kwamanye amalungu.
• Ugqirha usika i-bile duct kunye nemithambo yegazi ekhokelela kwinyongo.
• I-gallbladder iphakanyisiwe kwaye isuswe emzimbeni wakho.

I-x-ray ebizwa ngokuba yi-cholangiogram inokwenziwa ngexesha lotyando.

• Ukwenza olu vavanyo, idayi ifakwe kwi-bile duct yakho kwaye i-x-ray ithathwa. Idayi inceda ekufumaneni amatye anokuba ngaphandle kwenyongo yakho.
• Ukuba amanye amatye afunyenwe, ugqirha wotyando unokuwasusa ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.

Olu tyando luthatha iiyure ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.

Ungaludinga olu tyando ukuba unentlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu ezivela kwiinyongo. Unokufuna kwakhona utyando ukuba i-gallbladder yakho ayisebenzi ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zingabandakanya:

• Ukunyanzeliswa, kubandakanya ukuqaqamba, ukutsha kwentliziyo, kunye negesi
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Ubuhlungu emva kokutya, ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo ephezulu okanye ephezulu yesisu sakho (intlungu ye-epigastric)

Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokususa i-gallbladder kukusebenzisa isixhobo sonyango esibizwa ngokuba yi-laparoscope (laparoscopic cholecystectomy). Utyando oluvulekileyo lwe-gallbladder lusetyenziswa xa utyando lwe-laparoscopic lungenakwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wotyando kufuneka atshintshele kuqhaqho oluvulekileyo ukuba ngaba utyando lwe-laparoscopic alunakuqhubeka ngempumelelo.

Ezinye izizathu zokususa i-gallbladder ngotyando oluvulekileyo:

• Ukopha okungalindelekanga ngexesha lotyando lweparacoscopic
• Ukutyeba kakhulu
• I-Pancreatitis (ukudumba kwi-pancreas)
• Ukukhulelwa (kwikota yesithathu)
• Iingxaki ezinzima zesibindi
• Utyando lwangaphambili kwindawo enye yesisu sakho

Umngcipheko we-anesthesia kunye notyando ngokubanzi zezi:

• Impendulo kumayeza
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Ukopha, amahlwili egazi
• Usulelo

Umngcipheko wotyando lwe-gallbladder zezi:

• Ukonakala kwimithambo yegazi eya esibindini
• Ukwenzakala kwendlela eqhelekileyo yenyongo
• Ukonzakala kwamathumbu amancinci okanye amakhulu
• Ipancreatitis (ukudumba kwepancreas)

Unokuba novavanyo olulandelayo ngaphambi kokwenziwa kotyando:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi (ukubala okupheleleyo kwegazi, ii-electrolyte, uvavanyo lwesibindi kunye nezintso)
• I-x-ray yesifuba okanye i-electrocardiogram (ECG), yabanye abantu
• I-x-ray ezininzi ze-gallbladder
• I-Ultrasound ye-gallbladder

Xelela ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa
• Zeziphi iziyobisi, iivithamini kunye nezinye izongezo ozithathayo, kwanezo uzithengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo

Ngexesha leveki ngaphambi kotyando:

• Unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ivithamin E, warfarin (Coumadin), kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokopha ngexesha lotyando.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi omele uzithathe ngosuku lotyando lwakho.
• Lungisa ikhaya lakho ngazo naziphi na iingxaki onokuthi ubenazo emva kotyando.
• Uya kuxelelwa ukuba uza kufika nini esibhedlele.

Ngomhla wotyando:

• Landela imiyalelo malunga nokuba uyeke nini ukutya nokusela.
• Thatha amayeza ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uwathabathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Ukuhlamba ubusuku obungaphambi okanye kusasa kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Fika esibhedlele ngexesha.

Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kokukhutshwa kwenyongo evulekileyo. Ngelo xesha:

• Unokucelwa ukuba uphefumle kwisixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-incentive spirometer. Oku kunceda ukugcina imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle ukuze ungafumani pneumonia.
• Umongikazi uya kukunceda uhlale ebhedini, uxhome imilenze yakho ecaleni, emva koko ume kwaye uqalise ukuhamba.
• Ekuqaleni, uya kufumana ulwelo emthanjeni wakho ngombhobho we-intravenous (IV). Kungekudala emva koko, uya kucelwa ukuba uqale ukusela izinto eziselwayo kunye nokutya ukutya.
• Uya kukwazi ukuhlamba ngelixa usesibhedlele.
• Unokucelwa ukuba unxibe isitokhwe soxinzelelo kwimilenze yakho ukunceda ukuthintela i-clot yegazi ekubeni yenze.

Ukuba bekukho iingxaki ngexesha lotyando, okanye ukopha, iintlungu ezininzi, okanye umkhuhlane, kungafuneka uhlale esibhedlele ixesha elide. Ugqirha okanye abongikazi bakho baya kukuxelela indlela yokuzikhathalela emva kokuba uphumile esibhedlele.

Uninzi lwabantu luchacha ngokukhawuleza kwaye luneziphumo ezilungileyo kule nkqubo.

Icholecystectomy - evulekileyo; I-gallbladder - i-cholecystectomy evulekileyo; Icholecystitis - icholecystectomy evulekileyo; Gallstones - cholecystectomy evulekileyo

• Ukutya kweBland
• Unonophelo lwenxeba lotyando - luvulekile
• Xa unesicaphucaphu nokugabha

• Cholecystitis, uvavanyo lwe-CT
• Cholecystitis - cholangiogram
• ICholecystolithiasis
• Inyongo
• Ukususwa kwerbbladder-Uthotho

UJackson PG, uEvans SRT. Inkqubo yeBiliary. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 54.

I-Rocha FG, i-Clanton J. Technique ye-cholecystectomy: evulekileyo kunye nehlaselo elincinci. Ku: Jarnagin WR, ed. Utyando lukaBlumgart lweSibindi, iTeknoloji yeBiliary, kunye neePancreas. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 35.