Isifo segazi esingapheliyo seMyeloid

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Yintoni ileukemia?
• Yintoni i-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?
• Yintoni ebangela i-myeloid leukemia engapheliyo?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?
• Ziintoni iimpawu ze-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?
• Ichongwa njani i-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?
• Ngawaphi amanqanaba e-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?
• Luthini unyango lwe-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

Isishwankathelo

Yintoni ileukemia?

Ileukemia ligama elinomhlaza kwiiseli zegazi. Ileukemia iqala kwizicwili ezenza igazi ezinje ngomongo wethambo. Umongo wakho wethambo wenza iiseli eziza kukhula zibe ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Uhlobo ngalunye lweseli lunomsebenzi owahlukileyo:

• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zinceda umzimba wakho ukulwa usulelo
• Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zihambisa ioksijini kwimiphunga yakho ukuya kwizicwili nakwizitho zakho
• Iiplatelets zinceda amahlwili ayeke ukopha

Xa une-leukemia, umongo wakho wethambo wenza inani elikhulu leeseli ezingaqhelekanga. Le ngxaki ihlala isenzeka ngeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zakha umongo kunye negazi lakho. Zixinanisa iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni kwaye zenza kube nzima kwiiseli zakho kunye negazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo.

Yintoni i-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

I-myeloid leukemia engapheliyo (i-CML) luhlobo lwe-leukemia engapheliyo. "Isifo esinganyangekiyo" kuthetha ukuba i-leukemia ihlala isiba mandundu ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwi-CML, umongo wethambo wenza iigranulocytes ezingaqhelekanga (uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi). Ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zikwabizwa ngokuba kukuqhuma. Xa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zixinana neeseli ezisempilweni, kunokukhokelela kusulelo, i-anemia, kunye nokopha ngokulula. Iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zinokusasazeka ngaphandle kwegazi ziye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

I-CML ihlala ivela kubantu abadala ngexesha okanye emva kweminyaka yobudala. Inqabile ebantwaneni.

Yintoni ebangela i-myeloid leukemia engapheliyo?

Uninzi lwabantu abane-CML lutshintsho lwemfuza olubizwa ngokuba yi-chromosome yaseFiladelphia. Ibizwa njalo kuba abaphandi basePhiladelphia bayifumene. Ngokwesiqhelo abantu banama-23 ama-chromosomes kwiseli nganye. Ezi chromosomes ziqulathe iDNA yakho (imathiriyeli yofuzo). Kwi-CML, inxenye ye-DNA isuka kwenye i-chromosome isiya kwenye i-chromosome. Idibanisa kunye ne-DNA apho, eyenza i-gene entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-BCR-ABL. Olu hlobo lubangela ukuba umongo wethambo lakho wenze iprotheni engaqhelekanga. Le protein ivumela iiseli zegazi ukuba zikhule zingalawuleki.

I-chromosome yaseFiladelphia ayidluliswanga ukusuka kumzali kuye emntwaneni. Kwenzeka ngexesha lokudla kwakho ubomi. Unobangela awaziwa.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

Kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba ngubani oza kufumana i-CML. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokuphakamisa umngcipheko:

• Ubudala - umngcipheko wakho uyenyuka njengoko usiya ukhula
• Isini- i-CML ixhaphake ngakumbi emadodeni
• Ukubonakaliswa kwimitha yedosi ephezulu

Ziintoni iimpawu ze-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

Ngamanye amaxesha i-CML ayibangeli zimpawu. Ukuba unempawu, zinokubandakanya

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo
• Ukumanzi ebusuku ukubila
• Ifiva
• Intlungu okanye imvakalelo yokugcwala ngaphantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekhohlo

Ichongwa njani i-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokusebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi ukufumanisa i-CML:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Imbali yezonyango
• Uvavanyo lwegazi, olufana nokubala okupheleleyo kwegazi (CBC) ngokwahluka kunye novavanyo lwechemistry. Uvavanyo lwe-chemistry yegazi lilinganisa izinto ezahlukeneyo egazini, kubandakanya i-electrolyte, amafutha, iiproteni, iswekile (iswekile), kunye nee-enzymes. Uvavanyo oluthile lwe-chemistry yegazi lubandakanya iphaneli esisiseko ye-metabolic (BMP), iphaneli ebanzi ye-metabolic (CMP), iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wezintso, iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wesibindi kunye nepaneli ye-electrolyte.
• Uvavanyo lomongo wethambo. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili - umnqweno wethambo kunye nomongo wethambo. Zombini ezi mvavanyo zibandakanya ukususa isampulu yomongo wethambo kunye nethambo. Iisampulu zithunyelwa elebhu ukuvavanywa.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Genetic ukukhangela i-gene kunye ne-chromosome changes, kubandakanywa iimvavanyo ukujonga i-chromosome yaseFiladelphia

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-CML, unokuba neemvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezinje ngeemvavanyo zokucinga ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na.

Ngawaphi amanqanaba e-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

I-CML inezigaba ezithathu. Amanqanaba asekwe kubungakanani beCML esele ikhulile okanye isasazekile:

• Isigaba esingapheliyo, apho ngaphantsi kwe-10% yeeseli egazini kunye nomongo wethambo ziiseli zeeseli (iiseli zegazi). Uninzi lwabantu lufunyaniswa kwesi sigaba, kwaye uninzi alunazo iimpawu. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luhlala lunceda kwesi sigaba.
• Isigaba esikhawulezayo, i-10% ukuya kwi-19% yeeseli ezisegazini kunye nomongo wethambo ziiseli ezityhutyhileyo. Kweli nqanaba, abantu bahlala benempawu kwaye unyango olusemgangathweni alunakuba lusebenzayo kwisigaba esingapheliyo.
• Isigaba seBlastic, apho i-20% okanye ngaphezulu kweeseli ezisegazini okanye kumongo wethambo ziiseli zesibindi. Iiseli zokuqhushumba zisasazeke kwezinye izicwili kunye namalungu. Ukuba udiniwe, umkhuhlane, kunye nepeni eyandisiweyo ngexesha lesigaba sokudlathuka, ibizwa ngokuba yingxaki yokuqhushumba. Eli nqanaba kunzima ukunyanga.

Luthini unyango lwe-myeloid leukemia (CML) engapheliyo?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ze-CML:

• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo, olusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ezinye izinto ezihlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngokungonzakalisi kangako kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo. Kwi-CML, amachiza yi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Bavimba i-tyrosine kinase, eyi-enzyme ebangela ukuba umongo wethambo lakho uqhume kakhulu.
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy
• I-dose ephezulu ye-chemotherapy kunye nokufakelwa kweseli
• Ukufakwa kwe-lymphocyte infor (DLI). I-DLI lunyango olunokusetyenziswa emva kokufakelwa kweseli ye-stem. Kubandakanya ukukunika ukumiliselwa (kwigazi lakho) lee-lymphocyte ezisempilweni ezivela kumnikeli wokufakwa kweseli. IiLymphocyte ziluhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi lymphocyte zabanikeli zinokubulala iiseli zomhlaza ezisele.
• Ugqirha lokususa udakada (splenectomy)

Loluphi unyango olufumanayo oluya kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba okulo, iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho iphela, kunye nezinye izinto. Xa iimpawu kunye neempawu zeCML zincitshisiwe okanye zanyamalala, kubizwa ngokuba kukuxolelwa. I-CML inokubuya emva kokuxolelwa, kwaye unokufuna unyango olungaphezulu.

NIH: IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza