Ukususwa kweCataract

Ukususwa kwecataract lutyando lokususa ilensi enamafu (cataract) kwiso. Kususwe ii-cataract ukukunceda ubone ngcono. Inkqubo phantse ihlala ibandakanya ukubeka iilensi ezingezizo (IOL) elisweni.

Utyando lweCataract yinkqubo yezigulana ezingalaliswayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngekhe ulale esibhedlele. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngugqirha wamehlo. Lo ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo zamehlo kunye notyando lwamehlo.

Abantu abadala bahlala bephaphele inkqubo. Iyeza lokuthambisa (i-anesthesia yendawo) inikwa kusetyenziswa i-eyedrops okanye ifoto. Oku kuthintela iintlungu. Uya kufumana amayeza anokunceda uphumle. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana bafumana i-anesthesia jikelele. Eli yeza elibabeka ebuthongweni obunzulu ukuze bangakwazi kuva iintlungu.

Ugqirha usebenzisa imicroscope ekhethekileyo ukujonga iliso. Ukusikwa okuncinci (ukusikwa) kwenziwa kwiliso.

Iilensi zisuswa ngenye yezi ndlela zilandelayo, kuxhomekeke kudidi lwamehlo:

• I-Phacoemulsification: Ngale nkqubo, ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo esivelisa amaza esandi ukophula i-cataract ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci. Amaqhekeza emva koko akhutshelwa ngaphandle. Le nkqubo isebenzisa incision encinci.
• Ukukhutshwa kwe-extracapsular: Ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo esincinci ukususa i-cataract ubukhulu becala kwisiqwenga esinye. Le nkqubo isebenzisa isicatshulwa esikhulu.
• Utyando lwe-Laser: Ugqirha ukhokela umatshini osebenzisa amandla e-laser ukwenza ukusikwa kunye nokuthambisa ikati. Olunye utyando lufana ne-phacoemulsification. Sebenzisa i-laser endaweni yemela (iscalpel) kunokukhawulezisa ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwaye ichaneke ngakumbi.

Emva kokuba i-cataract isuswe, ilensi eyenziwe ngumntu, ebizwa ngokuba yilensi ye-intraocular lens (IOL), ihlala ibekwa iliso ukubuyisela amandla egxila kwelensi endala (cataract). Inceda ukuphucula umbono wakho.

Ugqirha unokuvala isicatshulwa ngemithungo emincinci kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, kusetyenziswa indlela yokuzivavanya (ngaphandle kokuqina). Ukuba une-stitches, banokufuna ukususwa kamva.

Olu tyando luthatha ixesha elingaphantsi kwesiqingatha seyure. Amaxesha amaninzi, kwenziwe iliso elinye. Ukuba une-cataract emehlweni omabini, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ulinde ubuncinci iiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 phakathi kotyando ngalunye.

Iilensi eziqhelekileyo zeso licacile (libala). Njengoko ikhathari ikhula, ilensi iba mnyama. Oku kuthintela ukukhanya kungangeni kwiliso lakho. Ngaphandle kokukhanya okwaneleyo, awunakubona ngokucacileyo.

I-Cataract ayinabuhlungu. Zihlala zibonwa kubantu abadala. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantwana bazalwa kunye nabo. Utyando lweCataract luhlala lusenziwa ukuba awuboni ngokwaneleyo ngenxa yeengxaki zamehlo. I-cataract ihlala ingalonakalisi ngokusisigxina iliso lakho, ke wena nogqirha wakho wamehlo unokuthatha isigqibo sokuba utyando lulungile na kuwe.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, yonke ilensi ayinakususwa. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, inkqubo yokususa onke amaqhekeza eelensi aya kwenziwa kamva. Emva koko, umbono usenokuphuculwa.

Iingxaki ezinqabileyo kakhulu zinokubandakanya ukusuleleka kunye nokopha. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zombono osisigxina.

Phambi kotyando, uyakuba novavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo kunye novavanyo lwamehlo ngugqirha wamehlo.

Ugqirha uya kusebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye isixhobo sokuskena i-laser ukulinganisa iliso lakho. Ezi mvavanyo zinceda ukumisela eyona IOL yakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uya kuzama ukukhetha i-IOL enokukuvumela ukuba ubone ngaphandle kweiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano emva kotyando. Ezinye ii-IOL zikunika zombini umgama kunye nombono osondeleyo, kodwa ayizizo ezomntu wonke. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo kuwe. Qiniseka ukuba uyayiqonda indlela oza kuba ngayo umbono wakho emva kokuba kufakelwe i-IOL. Qiniseka ukuba ubuza imibuzo ukuze wazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kutyando.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-eyedrops ngaphambi kotyando. Landela imiyalelo ngqo ngendlela yokusebenzisa amathontsi.

Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Isiziba esiza kunxitywa phezu kwamehlo akho kude kube kuvavanyo olulandelayo
• Amehlo okuthintela usulelo, ukunyanga ukuvuvukala, kunye noncedo lokuphilisa

Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube nomntu okuqhubela ekhaya emva kotyando.

Ngokuqhelekileyo uya kuba noviwo olulandelayo kunye nogqirha wakho ngosuku olulandelayo. Ukuba ubunemithungo, kuya kufuneka wenze idinga ukuze zisuswe.

Iingcebiso malunga nokufumana kwakhona emva kotyando lwengqondo:

• Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezimnyama ngaphandle emva kokuba ususe isiziba.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngaphambi nasemva kokusebenzisa amehlo kunye nokuchukumisa iliso lakho. Zama ukungafumani isepha namanzi kwiliso lakho xa uhlamba okanye uhlamba kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa.
• Imisebenzi yokukhanya ilungile njengoko uchacha. Jonga nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi onzima, ukuphinda uqale umsebenzi wesondo, okanye uqhube.

Ukuchacha kuthatha iiveki ezi-2. Ukuba ufuna iiglasi ezintsha okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano, unokuhlala uzilungiselele ngelo xesha. Gcina utyelelo lwakho olulandelayo nogqirha wakho.

Uninzi lwabantu lwenza kakuhle kwaye luyachacha ngokukhawuleza emva kotyando lwamehlo.

Ukuba umntu unezinye iingxaki zamehlo, ezifana ne-glaucoma okanye i-macular degeneration, utyando lunokuba nzima ngakumbi okanye isiphumo asinakulunga.

Ukutsalwa kweCataract; Utyando lweCataract

• Ukhuseleko kwigumbi lokuhlambela kubantu abadala
• I-cataract - yintoni ongayibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukuthintela ukuwa
• Ukuthintela ukuwa-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho

• Iliso
• Uvavanyo lwesibane
• I-Cataract - ukuvala iliso
• Cataract
• Utyando lweCataract - uthotho
• Ikhaka lamehlo

Iwebhusayithi yaseAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology. Iipateni zokuziqhelanisa ezikhethiweyo zeCataract kunye nePhaneli yeCandelo elingaphambili, iZiko leHoskins loKhathalelo lweMiso oluMgangatho. I-Cataract kwiliso labantu abadala i-PPP-2016. Www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Okthobha ka-2016. Ifikeleleke ngoSeptemba 4, 2019.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko leLiso leLizwe. Iinyani malunga neekati. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-3 ka-Agasti ka-2019. Ifikeleleke ngoSeptemba 4, 2019.

Isalmon JF. Iilensi. Ku: Isalmon JF, ed. I-Ophthalmology yeklinikhi yaseKanski. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 10.

Tipperman R.Ukuphazamiseka. Ku: Gault JA, Vander JF, ii-eds. Iimfihlo zeOphthalmology ngombala. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2016: isahluko 21.