Ukulungiswa kweqela lokubuyisa
Ukulungiswa kwe-Retinal detachment ukulungisa ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo ukubeka i-retina kwindawo efanelekileyo. Iretina sisithwathwa esikhawulezayo esikhanyayo ngasemva kweliso. Ukuchongwa kuthetha ukuba ikhutshiwe kulungelelwaniso lweethishu ezijikeleze yona.
Eli nqaku lichaza ukulungiswa kwamathambo e-rhegmatogenous retinal. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yomngxunya okanye ukukrazula kwi-retina.
Uninzi lwemisebenzi yokulungisa izixhobo zokubuyisa i-retina iyangxamiseka. Ukuba imingxunya okanye iinyembezi kwi-retina zifunyenwe ngaphambi kokuba i-retina ivele, ugqirha wamehlo unokuyivala imingxunya esebenzisa i-laser. Le nkqubo ihlala isenziwa kwi-ofisi yomboneleli wezempilo.
Ukuba i-retina isandula ukuqina, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pneumatic retinopexy inokwenziwa ukuyilungisa.
- I-pneumatic retinopexy (ukubekwa kwe-bubble yegesi) ihlala iyinkqubo yeofisi.
- Ugqirha wamehlo ufaka iqampu legesi kwiso.
- Ubekiwe endaweni yoko ibhabhu yegesi idada inyuka ijonge ngakumngxunya weretina kwaye uyityhale ibuyele endaweni yayo.
- Ugqirha uya kusebenzisa i-laser ukutywina ngokusisigxina umngxunya.
Amacandelo amakhulu afuna utyando oluphambili. Ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zenziwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lotyando lwabangalaliswayo:
- Inkqubo ye-scleral buckle indents eludongeni lweliso ngaphakathi ukuze ihlangane nomngxunya kwiretina. I-Scleral buckling inokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iyeza elenzayo xa uvukile (i-anesthesia yendawo) okanye xa ulele kwaye ungekho zintlungu (i-anesthesia ngokubanzi).
- Inkqubo ye-vitrectomy isebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci kakhulu ngaphakathi kwiso ukukhupha uxinzelelo kwi-retina. Oku kuvumela i-retina ukuba ibuyele umva kwindawo yayo efanelekileyo. Uninzi lwe-vitrectomies lwenziwa ngamayeza e-numbing ngelixa uvukile.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, zombini iinkqubo zinokwenziwa ngexesha elinye.
Izixhobo ezingafunekiyo azilulanga ngaphandle konyango. Ukulungiswa kuyadingeka ukukhusela ukulahleka kombono ngokusisigxina.
Kukhawuleza kangakanani ukuba utyando kufuneka lwenziwe luxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobungakanani beqela. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, utyando kufuneka lwenziwe kwangolo suku lunye ukuba isixhobo asichaphazelekanga kwindawo yombono ophakathi (i-macula). Oku kunokukunceda ekuthinteleni ukuhlangana okungaphezulu kwe-retina. Iya kunyusa nethuba lokugcina umbono olungileyo.
Ukuba i-macula iyanqamuka, kushiyeke ixesha ukubuyisela umbono oqhelekileyo. Unyango lusenokwenziwa ukuthintela ukungaboni ngokupheleleyo. Kule meko, oogqirha wamehlo banokulinda iveki ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukucwangcisa utyando.
Iingozi zokwenza utyando lwe-retinal detachment zibandakanya:
- Ukopha
- Isixhobo esingagcinwanga ngokupheleleyo (sinokufuna utyando oluninzi)
- Ukonyusa uxinzelelo lwamehlo (uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-intraocular)
- Usulelo
I-anesthesia ngokubanzi inokufuneka. Umngcipheko wayo nayiphi na i-anesthesia yile:
- Impendulo kumayeza
- Iingxaki zokuphefumla
Ngekhe uphinde ufumane umbono opheleleyo.
Amathuba okuphumelela kwakhona kwi-retina axhomekeke kwinani lemingxunya, ubungakanani bayo, nokuba kukho izihlunu ezibomvu kwindawo leyo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iinkqubo AKUFUNI ukuba ulale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke. Kuya kufuneka ubeke umda kwimisebenzi yakho yomzimba okwexeshana.
Ukuba i-retina ilungisiwe kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-bubble yegesi, kufuneka ugcine intloko ujonge phantsi okanye ujike kwelinye icala kangangeentsuku okanye iiveki. Kubalulekile ukugcina le ndawo ukuze ibhombu yegesi ityhale i-retina endaweni yayo.
Abantu abaneqhuma legesi elisweni abanakubhabha okanye baye kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kude kube kuphele iqamza legesi. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
Uninzi lwexesha, i-retina inokuphinda idityaniswe nomsebenzi omnye. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu baya kufuna utyando oluninzi. Ngaphezulu kwe-9 kwi-10 yezixhobo ezinokulungiswa. Ukusilela ukulungisa i-retina kuhlala kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kombono kwinqanaba elithile.
Xa kukho iqela, iifotooreceptors (iintonga kunye neekhowuni) ziqala ukonakala. Ngokukhawuleza xa ulungiso lomkhosi lulungisiwe, kwakamsinya iintonga kunye neekhowuni ziya kuqala ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, yakuba i-retina icimile, iifotoreceptor zisenokungaze ziphinde zibuye kwakhona.
Emva kotyando, umgangatho wombono uxhomekeke kwindawo eyenzekileyo, kunye nonobangela:
- Ukuba indawo ephambili yombono (macula) ayibandakanyekanga, umbono uya kuhlala ulunge kakhulu.
- Ukuba i-macula ibibandakanyeka ngaphantsi kwe-1 iveki, umbono uya kuhlala uphuculwa, kodwa hayi ukuya kuma-20/20 (ngesiqhelo).
- Ukuba i-macula iye yahlukaniswa ixesha elide, umbono othile uya kubuya, kodwa uya kuphazamiseka kakhulu. Rhoqo, iyakuba ngaphantsi kwama-20/200, umda wobumfama ngokusemthethweni.
Ukubamba i-Scleral; Vitrectomy; I-retinopexy yomoya; Laser retinopexy; Ukulungiswa kwe-retinal detachment
- I-retina egciniweyo
- Ukulungiswa kweqela le-retinal - uthotho
UGuluma K, uLee JE. Ophthalmology. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 61.
UTodorich B, uFaia LJ, uWilliams GA. Utyando lwe-Scleral buckling. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 6.11.
IWickham L, iAylward GW. Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokulungiswa kweqela le-retinal. Ku: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P. URetina kaRyan. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 109.
U-Yanoff M, uCameron D. Izifo zenkqubo ebonakalayo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2016: isahluko 423.