Ukutshintsha idolo ngokudibeneyo

Ukutshintshwa ngokudibeneyo kwedolo lutyando lokutshintsha idolo ngokudibeneyo okwenziwe ngumntu. Ilungu elingelolokwabizwa libizwa ngokuba yi-prosthesis.

I-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo kunye nethambo ziyasuswa edolweni. Iziqwenga ezenziwe ngabantu zibekwa edolweni.

Ezi ziqwenga zingabekwa kwezi ndawo zilandelayo edolweni:

• Umda ongezantsi wethambo lethanga - Eli thambo libizwa ngokuba li-femur. Indawo yokubuyisela ihlala yenziwe ngesinyithi.
• Ukuphela okuphezulu kwethambo le-shin, elilithambo elikhulu kumlenze wakho osezantsi- Eli thambo libizwa ngokuba yi-tibia. Inxalenye yotshintsho ihlala yenziwe ngentsimbi kunye neplastiki eyomeleleyo.
• Icala elingasemva le-kneecap yakho -I-kneecap yakho ibizwa ngokuba yi patella. Inxalenye yotshintsho ihlala yenziwe ngeplastiki eyomeleleyo.

Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lotyando. Uya kuba nenye yezi ndidi zimbini zeanesthesia:

• I-anesthesia ngokubanzi - Oku kuthetha ukuba uya kulala kwaye ungakwazi kuva iintlungu.
• I-anesthesia yengingqi (yomqolo okanye yesiphene) - iyeza lifakwa emqolo ukuze likwenze ube ndindisholo phantsi kwesinqe sakho. Uyakufumana amayeza okukwenza wozele. Kwaye unokufumana iyeza eliza kukwenza ulibale malunga nenkqubo, nangona ungalelanga ncam.

Emva kokufumana i-anesthesia, ugqirha wakho wotyando uya kusika idolo lakho ukuze ulivule. Oku kunqunyulwa kuhlala zii-intshi ezi-8 ukuya kwezi-10 (iisentimitha ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-25) ubude. Emva koko ugqirha wakho uya:

• Hambisa i-kneecap yakho (patella) ngaphandle kwendlela, uze usike iziphelo zethambo lakho kunye nethambo (umlenze ongezantsi) ukuze ulungele indawo yokutshintsha.
• Sika ngaphantsi kwe-kneecap yakho ukuyilungiselela iziqwenga ezintsha eziza kuqhotyoshelwa apho.
• Qhoboshela iinxalenye zombini zeprothesis kumathambo akho. Inxalenye enye iya kuthi incanyathiselwe esiphelweni sethambo lakho lethanga kwaye elinye icala liza kudityaniswa nethambo lakho le-shin. Iziqwenga zinokuncanyathiselwa kusetyenziswa isamente yethambo okanye izikrufu.
• Namathisela ngaphantsi kwe-kneecap yakho. Isamente ekhethekileyo yamathambo isetyenziselwa ukuncamathela kule ndawo.
• Lungisa izihlunu zakho kunye nemisipha ejikeleze ilunga elitsha kwaye uvale ukusikwa kotyando.

Olu tyando luthatha malunga neeyure ezi-2.

Uninzi lwamadolo okufakelwa anezinto zombini zentsimbi kunye neplastiki. Abanye abagqirha ngoku basebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya isinyithi kwisinyithi, i-ceramic kwi-ceramic, okanye i-ceramic eplastikini.

Esona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokuba idolo lidityaniswe kukuthomalalisa iintlungu zesifo samathambo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngokufakwa kwamadolo ngokuhlangeneyo ukuba:

• Unentlungu evela emadolweni egcina ungalali okanye wenze imisebenzi yesiqhelo.
• Awunakho ukuhamba kwaye uzikhathalele.
• Intlungu yakho yedolo ayiphuculanga nolunye unyango.
• Uyayiqonda into yokuba kuya kuba njani kotyando kunye nokuchacha.

Uninzi lwexesha, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ngokudibeneyo kwenziwa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu. Abantu abancinci abanedolo elidibeneyo endaweni yabo banokubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo edolweni lokuzenzela kwaye babangele ukuba ligqibe kwangoko kwaye lingapheli ixesha elide.

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ozithathayo, nditsho neziyobisi, izongezo, okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo.

Ngexesha leeveki ezi-2 ngaphambi kotyando lwakho:

• Lungisa umzi wakho.
• Kwiiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kotyando, unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha iziyobisi ezenza kube nzima kwigazi lakho ukuba lijiye. Oku kubandakanya i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), izinciphisi zegazi ezifana ne-warfarin (Coumadin), okanye i-clopidogrel (Plavix), kunye nezinye iziyobisi (Xarelto).
• Kuya kufuneka uphinde uyeke ukuthatha amayeza anokwenza ukuba umzimba wakho ufumane usulelo. Oku kubandakanya i-methotrexate, i-Enbrel, okanye amanye amayeza acinezela amajoni akho omzimba.
• Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi omele uzithathe ngosuku lotyando lwakho.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango, ugqirha wakho unokukucela ukuba ubone umboneleli okunyangayo ngale miqathango ukuze abone ukuba kukhuselekile na kuwe ukuba uqhaqho.
• Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ubusele utywala kakhulu, ngaphezulu kwesiselo esi-1 okanye esi-2 ngosuku.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, kufuneka uyeke. Cela uncedo kubaboneleli bakho. Ukutshaya kuya kunciphisa ukuphola kwenxeba kunye nethambo. Ukuchacha kwakho akunakuba kuhle ukuba uqhubeka utshaya.
• Soloko umboneleli wakho ekwazi malunga nokubanda, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, okanye esinye isigulo onaso ngaphambi kotyando lwakho.
• Unokufuna ukutyelela ugqirha womzimba ukuze ufunde ukuzilolonga ekufuneka ukwenzile ngaphambi kotyando.
• Misa ikhaya lakho ukuze wenze lula imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
• Ziqhelise ukusebenzisa umsimelelo, ukuhambahamba, iintonga, okanye isitulo esinamavili ngokuchanekileyo.

Ngomhla wotyando lwakho:

• Uya kuhlala ucelwa ukuba ungaseli okanye utye nantoni na iiyure ezingama-6 ukuya kwezi-12 ngaphambi kwenkqubo.
• Thatha la mayeza uxelelwe ukuba uwathabathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Uya kuhlala esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Ngelo xesha, uya kuphila kwi-anesthesia nakwi-operesheni uqobo. Uya kucelwa ukuba uqalise ukuhamba nokuhamba kwangoko kusuku lokuqala emva kotyando.

Ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kuya kuthatha iinyanga ezi-4 ukuya kunyaka.

Abanye abantu bafuna ukuhlala nje kancinci kwiziko lokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo emva kokuphuma kwabo esibhedlele naphambi kokuba bagoduke. Kwiziko lokuvuselela, uya kufunda ukuba ungayenza njani ngokukhuselekileyo imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla uwedwa.

Iziphumo zokutshintshwa kwamadolo ngokupheleleyo zihlala zibalaseleyo. Umsebenzi uthoba iintlungu kubantu abaninzi. Uninzi lwabantu aludingi ncedo lokuhamba emva kokuba bechache ngokupheleleyo.

Uninzi lwamalungu okufakelwa emadolweni ahlala iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15. Ezinye zihlala ixesha elide njenge-20 yeminyaka ngaphambi kokuba zikhululeke kwaye kufuneka ziphinde zitshintshwe. Ukutshintshwa kwamadolo ewonke kunokuphinda kutshintshwe ukuba kuyakhululwa okanye kuyaphela. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi iziphumo azikho mhle njengesihlandlo sokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuba ungalwenzi utyando kwangethuba kakhulu ke uyakufuna olunye utyando usemncinci okanye ulwenze kade kakhulu xa ungazukuxhamla kakhulu. Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlolisise rhoqo ugqirha wakho wotyando ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iinxalenye zomdibaniso wakho wobumbano zikwimeko entle kwaye zikwimeko efanelekileyo.

Ukutshintsha idolo ngokupheleleyo; Idolo arthroplasty; Ukutshintshwa kwedolo-iyonke; Ukutshintsha kwamadolo eTricompartment; Ukutshintshwa kwamadolo e-Subvastus; Ukutshintshwa kwamadolo - kukungangenisi kancinci; Idolo le-arthroplasty -ukungena kancinci; TKA - ukutshintshwa kwedolo; Osteoarthritis - ukutshintshwa; I-OA - ukutshintshwa kwedolo

• Ukhuseleko kwigumbi lokuhlambela kubantu abadala
• Ukulungisa ikhaya lakho - idolo okanye utyando lwenyonga
• Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip okanye idolo-emva-kwento oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip okanye idolo-ngaphambi-kokucela ugqirha wakho
• Ukutshintshwa ngokudibeneyo kwedolo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuthintela ukuwa
• Ukuthintela ukuwa-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Unonophelo lwenxeba lotyando - luvulekile

• Idolo lokudityaniswa kwamalungu okuhlangana
• Idolo lokutshintsha kwamadolo - uthotho

IAmerican Academy yeOthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) iwebhusayithi. Unyango lwe-osteoarthritis emadolweni: isikhokelo esisekwe kubungqina i-2nd edition. aaos.org/globalassets/quality-and-practice-resource/osteoarthritis-of-the-knee/osteoarthritis-of-the-knee-2nd-editiion-clinical-practice-guideline.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 18, 2013. Kufumaneka ngo-Oktobha 1, 2020.

U-Ellen MI, Forbush DR, iGroomes TE. Iyonke idolo yeArthroplasty. Ku: Frontera, WR, Isilivere JK, Rizzo TD Jr, ii-eds. Iimfuno zoNyango loMzimba kunye noVuselelo. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 80.

Mihalko WM. IArthroplasty yedolo. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, ii-eds. Umsebenzi weCampbell's OrthopedicsUmhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 7.

Ixabiso le-AJ, iAlvand A, iTroelsen A, et al. Ukutshintshwa kwedolo. ILancet. 2018; 392 (10158): 1672-1682. IINKCUKACHA: 30496082 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30496082/.

UWilson HA, uMiddleton R, uAbram SGF, et al. Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo zesigulana sokungabikho kwamakhaya ngokuchasene nokutshintsha kwamadolo ngokupheleleyo: uphononongo lwenkqubo kunye nohlalutyo lweemeta. BMJ. Ngo-2019; 21; 364: l352. IINKCUKACHA: 30792179 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30792179/.