Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo

Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo kukungalunganga okanye ukuphakama okungaqhelekanga okanye ukuzuza ubunzima kumntwana omncinci kuneminyaka eyi-5. Oku kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye umntwana angakudlula.

Umntwana kufuneka ahlolwe rhoqo, kakuhle umntwana kunye nomboneleli wezempilo. Olu vavanyo luhlala lucwangciswe ngala maxesha alandelayo:

• Iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4
• 2½ iminyaka
• Qho ngonyaka emva koko

Izihloko ezihambelanayo zibandakanya:

• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezimbini
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezi-4
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezi-6
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezili-9
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezili-12
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezili-18
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-2
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-3
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-4
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-5

Ukulibaziseka kokukhula komgaqo-siseko kubhekisa kubantwana abancinci kubudala babo kodwa bekhula kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. Ukufikisa kudla ngokufika emva kwexesha kwaba bantwana.

Aba bantwana bayaqhubeka nokukhula emva kokuba uninzi loontanga beyekile. Uninzi lwexesha, baya kufikelela kubude obudala obufana nobude babazali babo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izizathu zokulibaziseka kokukhula kufuneka zikhutshwe ngaphandle.

Imfuza nayo inokudlala indima. Omnye okanye bobabini abazali banokuba mifutshane. Ngokufutshane kodwa abazali abasempilweni banokuba nomntwana osempilweni okufutshane nge-5% kubudala babo. Aba bantwana bancinci, kodwa kuya kufuneka bafikelele kubude bomzali omnye okanye bobabini.

Ukulibaziseka okanye ukukhula kancinci kunokuba bekulindelwe ukukhula kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• Isifo esinganyangekiyo
• Iingxaki ze-Endocrine
• Impilo yeemvakalelo
• Usulelo
• Ukungondleki

Uninzi lwabantwana abanokulibaziseka kokukhula nabo banokulibaziseka ekukhuleni.

Ukuba ukutyeba kancinci ngenxa yokunqongophala kweekhalori, zama ukondla umntwana kwimfuno. Yandisa inani lokutya elinikwa umntwana. Nika ukutya okunesondlo, ukutya okuphezulu kweekhalori.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela ifomula ngokuchanekileyo ngokwemikhombandlela. SUKUNGANIKI amanzi (cola) ifomula yokulungiselela ukutya.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba ukhathazekile ngokukhula komntwana wakho. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lubalulekile nokuba ucinga ukuba ulibaziseko lokukhula okanye imiba yeemvakalelo inokuba negalelo ekukhuleni komntwana okulibazisekileyo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho akakhuli ngenxa yokunqongophala kweekhalori, umboneleli wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yesondlo enokukunceda ukhethe ukutya okufanelekileyo okuza kunika umntwana wakho.

Umboneleli uya kuvavanya umntwana kwaye alinganise ubude, ubunzima, kunye nokujikeleza kwentloko. Umzali okanye umnakekeli uya kubuzwa imibuzo malunga nembali yonyango yomntwana, kubandakanya:

• Ngaba umntwana uhlala ehlala kwisiphelo esisezantsi seetshathi zokukhula?
• Ngaba ukukhula komntwana kuqala ngaphandle kwesiqhelo emva koko kwehla?
• Ngaba umntwana ukhula ngezakhono eziqhelekileyo zentlalo kunye nezakhono zomzimba?
• Ngaba umntwana utya kamnandi? Zeziphi iintlobo zokutya ezityiwa ngumntwana?
• Loluphi uhlobo lweshedyuli yokondla esetyenziswayo?
• Ngaba usana londliwa ngamabele okanye ngebhotile?
• Ukuba umntwana uncanciswa ibele, ngawaphi amayeza athathwa ngumama?
• Ukuba utyiswe ibhotile, loluphi uhlobo lwefomula olusetyenziswayo? Ifomula ixutywe njani?
• Ngawaphi amayeza okanye izongezo ezenziwa ngumntwana?
• Bade kangakanani abazali bomntwana? Zingakanani ubunzima bazo?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu ezikhoyo?

Umboneleli unokuphinda abuze imibuzo malunga nemikhwa yobuzali kunye nokunxibelelana kwezentlalo komntwana.

Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi (njenge-CBC okanye umahluko wegazi)
• Izifundo zesitayile (ukujonga ukufakwa kokutya okungafunekiyo)
• Uvavanyo lomchamo
• I-X-ray ukumisela ubudala bamathambo kunye nokujonga ukwaphuka

Ukukhula - kancinci (umntwana 0 ukuya kwiminyaka 5); Ukutyeba-ukucotha (umntwana ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5); Izinga lokukhula kancinci; Ukukhula okubambezelayo kunye nophuhliso; Ukulibazisa ukukhula

• Uphuhliso lwabantwana abaselula

UCooke DW, iDivall SA, uRadovick S. Ukukhula kwesiqhelo kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwabantwana. Ku: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 24.

UKimmel SR, uRatliff-Schaub K. Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 22.

U-L, u-Ballantine A. Ukungondleki. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 59.