Uvavanyo lwePapillomavirus (HPV) yoLuntu

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-HPV?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-HPV?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-HPV?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-HPV?
• Izalathiso

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-HPV?

I-HPV imele i-papillomavirus yabantu. Sisona sifo sixhaphakileyo ngesondo (STD), nezigidi zabantu baseMelika abosulelekileyo ngoku. I-HPV inokosulela amadoda nabafazi. Uninzi lwabantu abane-HPV abazi ukuba banayo kwaye abaze bafumane naziphi na iimpawu okanye iingxaki zempilo.

Zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-HPV. Ezinye iintlobo zibangela iingxaki zempilo. Usulelo lwe-HPV luhlala luhlelwe njengomngcipheko ophantsi okanye umngcipheko ophezulu we-HPV.

• Umngcipheko omncinci weHPV kunokubangela iintsumpa kwi-anus nakwindawo yesini, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umlomo. Olunye usulelo olusezantsi lwe-HPV kunokubangela iintsumpa ezingalweni, ezandleni, ezinyaweni, okanye esifubeni. Iimfazwe ze-HPV azibangeli ngxaki zempilo. Banokuhamba bodwa, okanye umboneleli wezempilo angabasusa kwinkqubo encinci eseofisini.
• Umngcipheko ophezulu weHPV. Uninzi losulelo oluphezulu lwe-HPV alubangeli zimpawu kwaye luya kuphela kungaphelanga unyaka okanye emibini. Kodwa ezinye izifo ezinobungozi obuphezulu ze-HPV zinokuhlala iminyaka. Ezi zifo zihlala ixesha elide zingakhokelela kumhlaza. I-HPV ngoyena nobangela womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ukuhlala ixesha elide i-HPV kunokubangela eminye imihlaza, kubandakanya ne-anus, lobufazi, ipipi, umlomo kunye nomqala.

Uvavanyo lwe-HPV lujonga i-HPV esemngciphekweni kakhulu kwabasetyhini. Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo bahlala bechonga i-HPV esemngciphekweni ngokujonga iimfazwe. Ke akukho vavanyo lufunekayo. Ngelixa amadoda anokosulelwa yi-HPV, akukho vavanyo lufumanekayo kumadoda. Uninzi lwamadoda ane-HPV alulama kusulelo ngaphandle kwempawu.

Amanye amagama: i-papillomavirus yesini somntu, umngcipheko ophezulu we-HPV, i-HPV DNA, i-HPV RNA

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Uvavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukukhangela uhlobo lwe-HPV olunokukhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ihlala isenziwa ngaxeshanye ne-pap smear, inkqubo ekhangela iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezinokukhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Xa uvavanyo lwe-HPV kunye ne-pap smear lwenziwa ngaxeshanye, oko kubizwa ngokuba kukuvavanywa ngokudibeneyo.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-HPV?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lwe-HPV ukuba:

• Ngaba ungumfazi oneminyaka engama-30-65 ubudala. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza ucebisa abasetyhini abakule minyaka yobudala ukuba benze uvavanyo lwe-HPV nge-pap smear (ukuvavanywa ngokudibeneyo) rhoqo kwiminyaka emihlanu.
• Ukuba ungumfazi nokuba ngowuphi na ubudala ofumana iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kwi-pap smear

Uvavanyo lwe-HPV kwi hayi Kunconywe abantu ababhinqileyo abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 abaneziphumo eziqhelekileyo zespemar. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko unqabile kweli qela leminyaka, kodwa usulelo lwe-HPV luqhelekile. Uninzi losulelo lwe-HPV kwabasetyhini abancinci luyacaca ngaphandle konyango.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-HPV?

Uvavanyo lwe-HPV, uya kulala ngomqolo kwitafile yoviwo, ugobe amadolo. Uya kuphumla iinyawo zakho kwizixhasi ezibizwa ngokuba yimirhubhe. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uza kusebenzisa iplastiki okanye isixhobo sesinyithi esibizwa ngokuba yi-speculum ukuvula ubufazi, ukuze kubonakale umlomo wesibeleko. Umboneleli wakho uya kuthi emva koko asebenzise ibrashi ethambileyo okanye i-spatula yeplastiki ukuqokelela iiseli kumlomo wesibeleko. Ukuba ufumana ipap smear, umboneleli wakho unokusebenzisa isampulu efanayo kuzo zombini iimvavanyo, okanye aqokelele isampulu yesibini yeeseli.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Akufuneki ube novavanyo ngelixa unexesha lakho. Kuya kufuneka uphephe nezinto ezithile ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ukuqala iintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo lwakho, Unga:

• Sebenzisa iitampon
• Sebenzisa amayeza obufazi okanye amagwebu olawulo lokuzalwa
• UDouche
• Yabelana ngesondo

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Akukho bungozi baziwayo kuvavanyo lwe-HPV. Unokuziva ungonwabanga ngexesha lenkqubo. Emva koko, unokuba nokopha kancinci okanye olunye ukhupha kwilungu lobufazi.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Iziphumo zakho ziya kunikwa njengezingenayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba ziqhelekileyo, okanye zichazwe, zikwabizwa ngokuba ziqhelekile.

Engalunganga / Eqhelekileyo. Akukho HPV isemngciphekweni. Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo unokucebisa ukuba ubuye wenze olunye uvavanyo kwiminyaka emihlanu, okanye ngokukhawuleza kuxhomekeke kubudala bakho nakwimbali yezonyango.

Efanelekileyo / engaqhelekanga. Kufunyenwe i-HPV esemngciphekweni omkhulu. Oko akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kwixa elizayo. Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo unoku-odola iimvavanyo ezininzi zokubeka iliso kunye / okanye ukufumanisa imeko yakho. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• IColposcopy, Inkqubo apho umboneleli wakho asebenzise isixhobo esikhulisa ngokukodwa (i-colposcope) ukujonga ilungu lobufazi kunye nomlomo wesibeleko
• Umlomo wesibeleko, Inkqubo apho umboneleli wakho ethatha khona isampulu yethishu kumlomo wesibeleko ukujonga phantsi kwemicroscope
• Ukuvavanywa kwakhona rhoqo (HPV kunye nep smear)

Ukuba iziphumo zakho bezintle, kubalulekile ukufumana uvavanyo rhoqo okanye rhoqo. Kungathatha amashumi eminyaka ukuba iiseli zomlomo wesibeleko ezingaqhelekanga ziguquke zibe ngumhlaza. Ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba, iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zinokunyangwa ngaphambili baba ngumhlaza. Kulula kakhulu ukuthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunokunyanga nje ukuba uvele.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-HPV?

Akukho lunyango lwe-HPV, kodwa uninzi lwezifo luyazicacela. Unokuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-HPV. Ukwabelana ngesondo neqabane elinye kunye nokwabelana ngesondo ngokukhuselekileyo (usebenzisa ikhondom) kunokuwunciphisa umngcipheko. Ugonyo lusebenza ngakumbi.

Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV yindlela ekhuselekileyo nenempumelelo yokuzikhusela kusulelo lwe-HPV oluqhele ukudala umhlaza. Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV sisebenza ngcono xa sinikwa umntu ongazange abe sesichengeni sentsholongwane. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyinike abantu ngaphambi kokuba baqale umsebenzi wesondo. Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) kunye neAmerican Academy of Pediatrics bacebisa ukuba amantombazana kunye namakhwenkwe agonywe ukuqala kwiminyaka eyi-11 okanye eyi-12. . Umahluko kwinani leedosi kuxhomekeke kubudala bomntwana wakho okanye umntu osele ekhulile kunye neengcebiso zomboneleli wezempilo.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokugonya kwe-HPV, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo kunye / okanye nomboneleli wakho.

Izalathiso

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2. IAmerican Academy yePediatrics [i-Intanethi]. I-Itasca (IL): Iziko laseMelika labantwana; c2018. Ingxelo yomgaqo-nkqubo: Iingcebiso nge-HPV Vaccine 2012 Feb 27 [icatshulwe ngowama-2018 ngoJuni 5]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/129/3/602.full.pdf
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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.