Ukusilela kwe-neurologic

Ukusilela kwe-neurologic ingxaki yingxaki ye-nerve, umnqonqo, okanye ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ichaphazela indawo ethile, enje ngobuso basekhohlo kobuso, ingalo yasekunene, okanye indawo encinci enje ngolwimi. Intetho, umbono, kunye neengxaki zokuva zikwathathelwa ingqalelo kukusilela kwe-neurological.

Uhlobo, indawo, kunye nobunzima bengxaki kunokubonisa ukuba yeyiphi indawo yengqondo okanye inkqubo yeemvakalelo echaphazelekayo.

Ngokwahlukileyo, ingxaki engagxili ekujongeni ayichazeki kwindawo ethile yengqondo. Inokubandakanya ukulahleka ngokubanzi kokuqonda okanye ingxaki yeemvakalelo.

Ingxaki ejolise kwi-neurologic inokuchaphazela nayiphi na le misebenzi:

• Utshintsho lwentshukumo, kubandakanya ukukhubazeka, ubuthathaka, ukuphulukana nolawulo lwemisipha, ukwanda kwethoni yemisipha, ukulahleka kwethoni yemisipha, okanye iintshukumo umntu akanakukwazi ukuzilawula (iintshukumo ezingazibandakanyiyo, ezinjengokungcangcazela
• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo, kubandakanya i-paresthesia (imvakalelo engaqhelekanga), ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ukuncipha kwovakalelo

Eminye imizekelo yelahleko egxile ekusebenzeni ibandakanya:

• Isifo se-Horner: umfundi omncinci kwelinye icala, ukujingxela kwelinye icala, ukungabikho kokubila kwelinye icala lobuso, kunye nokucwila kweliso elinye kwisokethi
• Ukunganikeli ngqalelo kwiindawo ezikungqongileyo okanye kwilungu lomzimba (ukungahoyi)
• Ukuphulukana nolungelelwaniso okanye ilahleko yolawulo lwemoto entle (ukukwazi ukwenza iintshukumo ezinzima)
• I-gag reflex engalunganga, ukugwinya ubunzima, kunye nokukrwitshwa rhoqo
• Intetho okanye ubunzima bolwimi, njenge-aphasia (ukuqonda ingxaki okanye ukuvelisa amagama) okanye idysarthria (ingxaki yokwenza izandi zamagama), ukungakwazi kakuhle ukuthetha, ukuqonda okungalunganga kwentetho, ukubhala ubunzima, ukungakwazi ukufunda okanye ukuqonda ukubhala, ukungakwazi izinto zegama (anomia)
• Utshintsho lombono, olufana nokwehla kombono, ukwehla kokubonakalayo, ukulahleka kombono ngequbuliso, umbono ophindwe kabini (idiplopia)

Nantoni na eyonakalisa okanye ephazamisa naliphi na icandelo lenkqubo yeemvakalelo inokubangela ukusilela kwe-neurologic. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga (i-vascular malformation)
• Ithumba lobuchopho
• Umvakalelo yokitazo
• Ukugula kwentsholongwane (njenge-multiple sclerosis)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwethambo elinye okanye iqela leemvakalelo (umzekelo, i-carpal tunnel syndrome)
• Usulelo lwengqondo (njenge-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis)
• Ukwenzakala
• Ukubetha

Unonophelo lwasekhaya luxhomekeke kudidi kunye nonobangela wengxaki.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na ilahleko yokuhamba, imvakalelo, okanye umsebenzi, tsalela umnikezeli wakho wezempilo.

Umboneleli wakho uya kuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye enze uvavanyo lomzimba.

Uviwo lomzimba luya kubandakanya uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha lwenkqubo yokusebenza kwemithambo-luvo.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziweyo ezixhomekeke kwezinye iimpawu kunye nesizathu esinokubangela ukulahleka kwemithambo-luvo. Uvavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuzama ukufumana indawo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebandakanyekayo. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yile:

• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT ngasemva, entanyeni, okanye entloko
• I-Electromyogram (EMG), i-velocities ye-nerve conduction (NCV)
• I-MRI yomqolo, intamo, okanye intloko
• Impompo yomqolo

Ukusilela kwe-Neurological-kugxile

• Ingqondo

UDeluca GC, uGriggs RC. Indlela yesigulana ngesifo se-neurologic. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 368.

UJankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Newman NJ, Pomeroy SL. Ukuchongwa kwesifo semithambo-luvo. Ku: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kunye neDaroff kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022: isahluko 1.