Abafundi - amabala amhlophe

Amabala amhlophe kumfundi yimeko ebangela ukuba iliso labonakala limhlophe endaweni emnyama.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntwana wamehlo amnyama. Kwiifoto ezifakwayo, umfundi unokubonakala ebomvu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi "red reflex" ngababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo kwaye kuyinto eqhelekileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iliso leliso linokubonakala limhlophe, okanye i-reflex ebomvu eqhelekileyo inokubonakala imhlophe. Oku akusiyo imeko eqhelekileyo, kwaye kufuneka ubone umboneleli wokunakekelwa kwamehlo kwangoko.

Zininzi izizathu ezahlukeneyo zomfundi omhlophe okanye umhlophe omhlophe. Ezinye iimeko zinokulinganisa umfundi omhlophe. Ukuba i-cornea, ehlala icacile, iya kuba namafu, inokubonakala ifana nomfundi omhlophe. Nangona oonobangela be-cornea enamafu okanye emhlophe yahlukile kwezo zomfundi omhlophe okanye umhlophe omhlophe, ezi ngxaki zifuna unyango kwangoko.

Ukutsalwa kwakhona kungabangela ukuba umfundi abonakale emhlophe.

Izizathu zale meko zinokubandakanya:

• Isifo seengubo - i-exudative retinopathy
• IColoboma
• I-cataract ye-Congenital (inokuba lilifa okanye inokubangelwa kwezinye iimeko, kubandakanya i-rubella yokuzalwa, i-galactosemia, i-retrolental fibroplasia)
• Ukuqhubeka kwe-vitreous ephambili ye-hyperplastic
• I-Retinoblastoma
• I-Toxocara canis (usulelo olubangelwa sisidleleli)
• Uveitis

Uninzi lwezizathu zomfundi omhlophe ziya kubangela ukuncipha kombono. Oku kunokwenzeka rhoqo ngaphambi kokuba umfundi abonakale emhlophe.

Ukufumanisa umntwana omhlophe kubaluleke ngakumbi kwiintsana. Iintsana azikwazi ukunxibelelana nabanye ukuba umbono wazo uyancipha. Kwakhona kunzima ukulinganisa umbono wosana ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo.

Ukuba ubona umfundi omhlophe, tsalela umnikezeli wakho kwangoko. Iimviwo zomntwana olungileyo zihlala zikhusela umfundi omhlophe ebantwaneni. Umntwana ovelisa umfundi omhlophe okanye inwebu enamafu ifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo, ngakumbi ingcali yamehlo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ufumane isifo kwangoko ukuba ingxaki ibangelwa yi-retinoblastoma kuba esi sifo sinokubulala.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho lombala kumfundi okanye inwebu yamehlo.

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yonyango.

Uvavanyo lomzimba luya kubandakanya uvavanyo olunamehlo lwamehlo.

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• Ophthalmoscopy
• Uvavanyo lwesibane
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo
• Ubunzima bokubonakalayo

Olunye uvavanyo lunokuthi lwenziwe kubandakanya intloko ye-CT okanye iMRI scan.

Leukocoria

• Iliso
• Amabala amhlophe kumfundi
• Umfundi omhlophe

UCioffi GA, uLIebmann JM. Izifo zenkqubo yokubonakalayo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 395.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukungaqhelekanga komfundi kunye ne-iris. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 640.