Uvavanyo lombono wombala

Uvavanyo lombono wombala lujonga amandla akho okwahlula phakathi kwemibala eyahlukeneyo.

Uya kuhlala kwindawo entle ekukhanyeni rhoqo. Umboneleli wezempilo uyakukucacisela uvavanyo.

Uya kuboniswa amakhadi aliqela aneepateni ezinemibala. La makhadi abizwa ngokuba ziipleyiti zeIshihara. Kwiipateni, amanye amachaphaza aya kuvela enze amanani okanye iisimboli. Uya kucelwa ukuba uchonge iisimboli, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Njengoko ukhusela iliso elinye, umvavanyi uya kubamba amakhadi ayi-intshi ezili-14 (iisentimitha ezingama-35) ebusweni bakho kwaye akucele ukuba ukhawuleze uchonge isimboli efumaneka kwipateni nganye yombala.

Kuxhomekeka kwingxaki ekurhanelwa ngayo, unokucelwa ukuba ubonise ubungakanani bombala, ngakumbi kwelinye iliso xa kuthelekiswa nelinye. Oku kuhlala kuvavanywa ngokusebenzisa ikepusi yebhotile ebomvu ye-eyedrop.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uyalwenza olu vavanyo, kunokuba luncedo ukucacisa ukuba uvavanyo luza kuziva njani, kunye nokuziqhelanisa okanye ukubonisa onodoli. Umntwana wakho uya kuziva exhalabile malunga novavanyo ukuba uyachaza ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwaye kutheni.

Ngokwesiqhelo kukho ikhadi lesampulu lamachaphaza amibala-bala anokuchongwa phantse ngumntu wonke, nditsho nabantu abaneengxaki zombono.

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uhlala unxiba iiglasi, zinxibe ngexesha lovavanyo.

Abantwana abancinci banokucelwa ukuba baxelele umahluko phakathi kwebhotile ebomvu kunye neekepusi zombala owahlukileyo.

Uvavanyo luyafana nokuvavanywa kombono.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwe ukumisela ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki ngombono wakho wombala.

Iingxaki zombono wemibala zihlala ziwela ngokwendidi ezimbini:

• Ukuvela kwasekuzalweni (ukuzalwa) iingxaki kwiiseli ezibuthathaka (iicones) zeretina (umaleko okhanyayo emva kweliso) -amakhadi ombala asetyenziswa kule meko.
• Izifo zemithambo-luvo (luvo oluphethe ulwazi olubonakalayo ukusuka kwiso ukuya kwingqondo) - iibhotile zebhotile zisetyenziswa kule meko.

Ngokwesiqhelo, uya kuba nakho ukwahlula yonke imibala.

Olu vavanyo lunokumisela oku kulandelayo kokuzalwa (okhoyo kwasekuzalweni) kweengxaki zombono:

• I-Achromatopsia - umbala opheleleyo wobumfama, ubona kuphela imibala engwevu
• I-Deuteranopia -ubunzima bokuchaza umahluko phakathi kobomvu / mfusa kunye nohlaza / mfusa
• I-Protanopia-ubunzima bokuchaza umahluko phakathi kohlaza okwesibhakabhaka / oluhlaza kunye nobomvu / luhlaza
• I-Tritanopia-ubunzima bokuchaza umahluko phakathi kwetyheli / luhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka / oluhlaza

Iingxaki kwimithambo-luvo ye-optic zinokubonisa njengokulahleka kobunzulu bemibala, nangona uvavanyo lwekhadi lombala lungaqhelekile.

Akukho bungozi kolu vavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwamehlo - umbala; Uvavanyo lombono - umbala; Uvavanyo lombono we-Ishihara

• Uvavanyo lokungaboni umbala

I-Bowling B. Ilifa lokufumana imali kwiidystrophies. Ku: Bowling B, ed. I-Ophthalmology yeklinikhi yaseKanski. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 15.

UFeder RS, u-Olsen TW, uPrum BE uJr, et al. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lokujonga iliso kubantu abadala luthanda izikhokelo zepatheni yokwenza. Ophthalmology. Ngo-2016; 123 (1): 209-236. IINKCUKACHA: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

UWallace DK, uMorse CL, uMelia M, et al; IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology ekhethiweyo yokuziQhelanisa nePatrick Ophthalmology / iPhaneli yeStrabismus. Ukuvavanywa kwamehlo kwabantwana Ipateni yokuziqhelanisa ekhethiweyo: I. ukuvavanywa kombono kukhathalelo lokuqala kunye naseluntwini; II. uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (1): 184-227. IINKCUKACHA: 29108745 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29108745.