Uvavanyo lwegazi

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-sodium luthatha uxinzelelo lwe-sodium egazini.

Isodium inokulinganiswa kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lomchamo.

Isampulu yegazi iyafuneka.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo angakuxelela ukuba uyeke okwexeshana amayeza anokuchaphazela uvavanyo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• Ukudakumba
• Amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi
• ILithium
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)
• Iipilisi zamanzi (i-diuretics)

SUKUYEKE ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Xa kufakwa inaliti ukutsala igazi, abanye abantu baziva iintlungu eziphakathi. Abanye baziva behlaba okanye behlaba kuphela. Emva koko, kunokubakho ukubetha okanye ukutyumza kancinci. Oku kuya kuhamba kungekudala.

Isodiyam yinto ekufuneka yenziwe ngumzimba ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Isodiyam ifumaneka kukutya okuninzi. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yesodiyam yi-sodium chloride, eyityuwa yetyuwa.

Olu vavanyo luhlala lwenziwa njengenxalenye ye-electrolyte okanye uvavanyo olusisiseko lwephaneli yokujonga igazi.

Inqanaba legazi le-sodium limele ibhalansi phakathi kwesodium kunye namanzi ekutyeni nasekuseleni okutyayo kunye nenani kumchamo wakho. Inani elincinci lilahleka kwisitulo kunye nokubila.

Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela le mali eseleyo. Umboneleli wakho unoku-odola olu vavanyo ukuba:

• Ndikhe ndenzakala, ndenziwa utyando okanye ndigula kakhulu
• Sebenzisa izixa ezikhulu okanye ezincinci zetyuwa okanye ulwelo
• Fumana ulwelo olufakwa emithanjeni (IV)
• Thatha i-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi) okanye amanye amayeza, kubandakanya nehomoni aldosterone

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwamanqanaba egazi le-sodium yi-135 ukuya kwi-145 yeemilimitha ngetitha nganye (mEq / L).

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iilebhu zisebenzisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye ukuvavanya iisampulu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Inqanaba lesodium elingaqhelekanga linokubangelwa ziimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

Ephakamileyo kuneqondo eliqhelekileyo lesodiyam ibizwa ngokuba yihypernatremia. Isenokuba ngenxa:

• Iingxaki ze-Adrenal gland ezifana ne-Cushing syndrome okanye i-hyperaldosteronism
• Isifo seswekile i-insipidus (uhlobo lwesifo seswekile apho izintso zingakwazi ukugcina amanzi)
• Ukwanda kokulahleka kolwelo ngenxa yokubila kakhulu, urhudo, okanye ukutsha
  
• Ityuwa eninzi okanye isodium bicarbonate ekudleni
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile, kubandakanya i-corticosteroids, i-laxatives, i-lithium, kunye namayeza afana ne-ibuprofen okanye naproxen

Ngaphantsi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo lesodium libizwa ngokuba yihyponatremia. Isenokuba ngenxa:

• Iincindi zamadlala azenzi ngokwaneleyo iihormone zazo (Isifo iAddison)
• I-buildup kumchamo wemveliso yenkunkuma ekonakaleni kwamanqatha (ketonuria)
• Inqanaba leswekile yegazi ephezulu (hyperglycemia)
• Igazi eliphezulu le-triglyceride lever (hypertriglyceridemia)
• Ukonyuka kumanzi apheleleyo emzimbeni abonwa kwabo banesifo sentliziyo, izifo ezithile zezintso, okanye i-cirrhosis yesibindi
• Ukwanda kokulahleka kolwelo emzimbeni, ukugabha, okanye urhudo
• Isifo sokufihlwa okungafunekiyo sehomoni (i-antidiuretic hormone ikhutshwa kwindawo engaqhelekanga emzimbeni)
• Ininzi kakhulu yehomoni vasopressin
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-thyroid gland (hypothyroidism)
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza afana ne-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi), i-morphine, kunye ne-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) ye-anti-depressants

Mncinci umngcipheko obandakanyekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo kunye nemithambo iyahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye nakwelinye icala lomzimba liye kwelinye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunabanye.

Eminye imingcipheko enxulumene nokutsalwa kwegazi incinci kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Ukopha kakhulu
• Ukugqobhoza okuninzi ukufumana imithambo
• Ukufa isiqaqa okanye ukuziva ungenantloko
• I-Hematoma (igazi eliqokelela phantsi kwesikhumba)
• Usulelo (umngcipheko omncinci nangaliphi na ixesha ulusu lwaphukile)

Isodiyam yeserum; Isodiyam - serum

• Uvavanyo lwegazi

IAl-Awqati Q. Ukuphazamiseka kwesodiyam kunye namanzi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 108.

I-Oh MS, i-Briefel G. Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-renal, amanzi, ii-electrolyte, kunye ne-acid-base balance. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 14.