Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi

Uvavanyo lokwahluka kwegazi lilinganisa ipesenti yohlobo ngalunye lweseli emhlophe yegazi (WBC) onayo egazini lakho. Ikwaveza ukuba kukho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezingakhuli.

Isampulu yegazi iyafuneka.

Ingcali yaselebhu ithatha ithontsi legazi kwisampulu yakho ilithambise kwisilayidi seglasi. I-smear inedayi ekhethekileyo, ethi incede uxelele umahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Iindidi ezintlanu zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-leukocytes, zihlala zibonakala egazini:

• Neutrophils
• IiLymphocyte (iiseli ze-B kunye neeseli zeT)
• Monocytes
• Iifososophil
• Iibhasophils

Umatshini okhethekileyo okanye umboneleli wezempilo ubala inani lohlobo ngalunye lweseli. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba inani leeseli zikumlinganiso ofanelekileyo omnye komnye, kwaye ukuba kukho ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kohlobo lweseli enye.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyimfuneko.

Xa kufakwa inaliti ukutsala igazi, abanye abantu baziva iintlungu eziphakathi. Abanye baziva behlaba okanye behlaba kuphela. Emva koko, kunokubakho ukubetha okanye ukutyumza kancinci. Oku kuya kuhamba kungekudala.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukufumanisa usulelo, i-anemia, okanye i-leukemia. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni enye yezi meko, okanye ukubona ukuba unyango luyasebenza na.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi zinikezelwa njengepesenti:

• I-Neutrophils: 40% ukuya kwi-60%
• I-lymphocyte: iipesenti ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-40%
• Iimonocyte: 2% ukuya kwi-8%
• I-Eosinophils: 1% ukuya kwi-4%
• I-Basophils: 0.5% ukuya kwi-1%
• Ibhendi (i-neutrophil encinci): 0% ukuya kwi-3%

Naluphi na usulelo okanye uxinzelelo olukhulu lonyusa inani lakho leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ukubalwa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezimhlophe kunokuba ngenxa yokuvuvukala, ukuphendula komzimba, okanye izifo zegazi ezifana neleukemia.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukwanda okungaqhelekanga kolunye uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunokubangela ukwehla kwepesenti yezinye iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Ipesenti eyonyukileyo yee-neutrophils inokuba ngenxa:

• Usulelo olubi
• Uxinzelelo olubi
• I-Eclampsia (ukuxhuzula okanye ikhoma kumfazi okhulelweyo)
• Igawuthi (uhlobo lwesifo samathambo ngenxa yokwakheka kweuric acid egazini)
• Iindlela Acute okanye ezingapheliyo leukemia
• Izifo ze-Myeloproliferative
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• I-rheumatic fever (isifo ngenxa yosulelo kunye neqela le-streptococcus bacteria)
• I-Thyroiditis (isifo se-thyroid)
• Umonzakalo
• Ukutshaya icuba

Ipesenti yokwehla kwee-neutrophils kunokuba ngenxa:

• I-aplastic anemia
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
• Unyango ngemitha okanye ukubonakaliswa
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane
• Ukusasazeka kakhulu kwintsholongwane

Ipesenti eyonyukayo yeelymphocyte inokuba ngenxa:

• Usulelo lwebhaktiriya olungapheliyo
• I-hepatitis esulelayo (ukudumba kwesibindi kunye nokudumba okubangelwa ziintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane)
• I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo, okanye i-mono (intsholongwane yentsholongwane ebangela umkhuhlane, umqala, kunye ne-lymph glands).
• I-lymphocytic leukemia (uhlobo lomhlaza wegazi)
• Multiple myeloma (uhlobo lomhlaza wegazi)
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane (olufana noqwilikana okanye imasisi)

Ukwehla kwepesenti ye-lymphocyte kunokuba ngenxa:

• Unyango ngamayeza
• Usulelo lwe-HIV / AIDS
• Ileukemia
• Unyango ngemitha okanye ukubonakaliswa
• I-Sepsis (impendulo enzima, evuthayo kwiibhaktheriya okanye ezinye iintsholongwane)
• Ukusetyenziswa kweSteroid

Ipesenti eyandisiweyo yee-monocytes inokubangelwa:

• Izifo ezingapheliyo
• Ileukemia
• Usulelo lwe-parasitic
• Isifo sephepha, okanye i-TB (usulelo lwebhaktiriya olubandakanya imiphunga)
• Usulelo lwe-virus (umzekelo, i-mononucleosis, i-mumps, imasisi)

Ipesenti eyandisiweyo ye-eosinophil inokubangelwa:

• Isifo iAddison (iincindi zamadlala azivelisi iihomoni ezaneleyo)
• Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo
• Umhlaza
• Leukemia enganyangekiyo engapheliyo
• Isifo se-Collagen semithambo
• Ii-syndromes zehypereosinophilic
• Usulelo lwe-parasitic

Ipesenti eyandisiweyo ye-basophil inokubangelwa:

• Emva kwe-splenectomy
• Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo
• I-leukemia engapheliyo (uhlobo lomhlaza womongo wethambo)
• Isifo se-Collagen semithambo
• Izifo ze-Myeloproliferative (iqela lezifo zomongo wethambo)
• Iqhwiqhwi

Ukuhla kwepesenti yeesophils kunokubangelwa:

• Usulelo olubi
• Umhlaza
• Ukulimala kakhulu

Akukho mngcipheko ubandakanyekileyo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo kunye nemithambo iyahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kwaye ukusuka kwelinye icala lomzimba ukuya kwelinye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunabanye.

Eminye imingcipheko enxulumene nokutsalwa kwegazi incinci, kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Ukopha kakhulu
• Ukufa isiqaqa okanye ukuziva ungenantloko
• Ukugqobhoza okuninzi ukufumana imithambo
• I-Hematoma (igazi eliqokelela phantsi kwesikhumba)
• Usulelo (umngcipheko omncinci nangaliphi na ixesha ulusu lwaphukile)

Umahluko; Ubunzima; Umahluko weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi

• I-Basophil (ukuvala)
• Izinto ezenziwe ngegazi

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Umahluko wokwahluka kwe-leukocyte count (diff) - igazi elisecaleni. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ii-eds. Iimvavanyo zaselebhu kunye neenkqubo zokuqonda isifo. Umhla wesi-6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2013: 440-446.

IHutchison RE, iSchexneider KI. Ukuphazamiseka kweleukocytic. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 33.