Isiskena seMRI esiswini

Iskena sokuvavanywa komfanekiso ngemagneti esiswini luvavanyo lokucinga olusebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo. Amaza enza imifanekiso yangaphakathi kwesisu. Ayisebenzisi i-radiation (x-ray).

Imifanekiso eyodwa yemagneti yokujonga umfanekiso (i-MRI) ibizwa ngokuba izilayi. Imifanekiso ingagcinwa kwikhompyuter, ijongwe kwiliso, okanye iskenwe kwidiski. Olunye uvavanyo luvelisa uninzi okanye ngamanye amaxesha amakhulu emifanekiso.

Unokucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe yasesibhedlele okanye impahla ngaphandle kweziphu zentsimbi okanye iifoto (ezinje ngezikipa kunye nesikipa). Iindidi ezithile zentsimbi zinokubangela imifanekiso engacacanga.

Uya kulala etafileni emxinwa. Itafile ityibilika kwiskena esikhulu esimile.

Ezinye iimviwo zifuna idayi ekhethekileyo (umahluko). Uninzi lwexesha, idayi inikwa ngexesha lovavanyo ngokusebenzisa umthambo (IV) osesandleni sakho okanye kwingalo yakho. Idayi inceda i-radiologist ibone iindawo ezithile ngokucacileyo.

Ngexesha le-MRI, umntu osebenza kumatshini uya kukujonga ukwelinye igumbi. Uvavanyo luhlala malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60, kodwa kunokuthatha ixesha elide.

Unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ngaphambi kokuskena.

Xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba woyika iindawo ezikufutshane (une-claustrophobia). Unokunikwa iyeza lokukunceda uzive usozela kwaye ungakhathazeki kangako. Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa nge-MRI evulekileyo, apho umatshini ungasondelanga emzimbeni wakho.

Ngaphambi kovavanyo, xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba unayo:

• Iintsholongwane zentliziyo ezingezizo
• Iiklip ze-aneurysm zengqondo
• Intliziyo defibrillator okanye ipacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe ngaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezintso okanye i-dialysis (ngekhe ukwazi ukufumana umahluko)
• Kutshanje kubekwe amalungu anganyanisekanga
• Iindidi ezithile ze-vascular stents
• Ukusebenza ngesinyithi kwiphepha elidlulileyo (unokufuna iimvavanyo ukujonga iziqwenga zentsimbi emehlweni akho)

Ngenxa yokuba i-MRI iqulethe iimagnethi ezinamandla, izinto zesinyithi azivumelekanga kwigumbi elinesikena se-MRI. Gwema ukuphatha izinto ezinje:

• Iipokotho, iipeni, kunye neiglasi zamehlo
• Iwotshi, amakhadi etyala, ubucwebe kunye nezinto zokuva
• Iinwele, iiziphu zentsimbi, izikhonkwane, kunye nezinto ezifanayo
• Ukufakwa kwamazinyo okususwayo

Uvavanyo lwe-MRI alubangeli zintlungu. Unokufumana iyeza lokuphumla ukuba unengxaki yokulala ungazinzi okanye unovalo kakhulu. Ukuhamba kakhulu kunokuphazamisa imifanekiso ye-MRI kwaye kubangele iimpazamo.

Itafile inokuba nzima okanye ibanda, kodwa ungacela ingubo okanye umqamelo. Umatshini wenza ingxolo enkulu kunye nengxolo xa kuvuliwe. Unganxiba iiplagi zendlebe ukunceda ukunciphisa ingxolo.

I-intercom egumbini ikuvumela ukuba uthethe nomntu nangaliphi na ixesha. Ezinye ii-MRIs zinomabonakude kunye neefowuni ezikhethekileyo zokukunceda ukuba udlule ixesha.

Akukho xesha lokuchacha, ngaphandle kokuba unikwe iyeza lokukunceda uphumle. Emva kokuvavanywa kweMRI, ungabuyela kwindlela otya ngayo yesiqhelo, umsebenzi kunye namayeza.

I-MRI yesisu ibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha yendawo yesisu kwiimbono ezininzi. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukucacisa iziphumo ezivela kwiimviwo zangaphambili ze-ultrasound okanye ze-CT.

Olu vavanyo lunokusetyenziselwa ukujonga:

• Ukuhamba kwegazi esiswini
• Imithambo yegazi esiswini
• Unobangela weentlungu zesisu okanye ukudumba
• Unobangela weziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zovavanyo lwegazi, ezinje ngesibindi okanye iingxaki zezintso
• Iindawo nkovu esiswini
• Ubunzima esibindini, kwizintso, kwiadrenal, kwipancreas, okanye kudakada

I-MRI iyakwazi ukwahlula amathumba kwizicubu eziqhelekileyo. Oku kunokunceda ugqirha ukuba azi ngakumbi malunga nethumba njengobungakanani, ubukhali, kunye nokusasazeka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yistage.

Ngamanye amaxesha inokunika ulwazi olungcono malunga nobunzima esiswini kune-CT.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• Isisu esine-aortic aneurysm
• Ithumba
• Umhlaza okanye amathumba abandakanya iadrenal amadlala, isibindi, inyongo, ipancreas, izintso, ureters, amathumbu
• I-spleen eyandisiweyo okanye isibindi
• Iingxaki ze-gallbladder okanye ze-bile
• IHemangiomas
• I-Hydronephrosis (ukuvuvukala kwezintso kwi-backflow yomchamo)
• Usulelo lwezintso
• Ukonakala kwezintso okanye izifo
• Amatye eentso
• Kwandiswe iindawo nkovu
• Vena cava ethintelweyo
• Ukuthintela umthambo wesibindi (isibindi)
• Ukuvaleka okanye ukunciphisa imithambo ebonelela ngezintso
• I-vein vein thrombosis
• Ukhatywa kwezintso okanye ukutshintshwa kwesibindi
• I-Cirrhosis yesibindi
• Ukusasazeka komhlaza oqale ngaphandle kwesisu

I-MRI ayisebenzisi i-radiation. Akukho ziphumo zibi zivela kumazibuthe omazantsi kunye namaza erediyo axeliweyo.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuchasana (idayi) elisetyenzisiweyo yi-gadolinium. Kukhuselekile kakhulu. Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo kunqabile kodwa kunokwenzeka. Ukuba unembali yokungaziphathi kakuhle kwamanye amayeza kuya kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho. Ukongeza, i-gadolinium inokuba yingozi kubantu abaneengxaki zezintso abafuna i-dialysis. Xelela umboneleli wakho phambi kovavanyo ukuba uneengxaki zezintso.

Iimpawu zemagneti ezomeleleyo ezenziwe ngexesha le-MRI zinokubangela ukuba iintliziyo zihambe kunye nezinye izinto ezingafakwanga. Iimagnethi zinokubangela ukuba iqhekeza lesinyithi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho lihambe okanye litshintshe.

Isandi senyukliya - isisu; I-NMR - isisu; Imagnetic resonance imaging - isisu; I-MRI yesisu

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm-endovascular-discharge

• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• Ukuskena iMRI

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U-Levine MS, uGore RM. Iinkqubo zokuqonda isifo kwi-gastroenterology. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 124.

IMileto A, iBoll DT. Isibindi: i-anatomy yesiqhelo, ubuchule bokucinga, kunye nokusasazeka kwezifo. Ku: Haaga JR, Boll DT, ii-eds. I-CT kunye neMRI yaMzimba uphela. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 43.