Ukutsala

Ukukhutshwa kukuvavanywa kwamehlo okulinganisa imigqaliselo yomntu kwiiglasi zamehlo okanye kwiilensi zonxibelelwano.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngugqirha wamehlo okanye ngugqirha wamehlo. Zombini ezi ngcali zihlala zibizwa ngokuba "ngugqirha wamehlo."

Uhlala esihlalweni esinecebo elikhethekileyo (elibizwa ngokuba yi-phoroptor okanye i-refractor) encamathele kuyo.Ujonge isixhobo kwaye ujonge kwitshathi yamehlo yeenyawo ezingama-20 (6 yeemitha) kude. Esi sixhobo siqulethe iilensi zamandla ahlukeneyo anokuhanjiswa kukujonga. Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngeliso elinye ngexesha.

Ugqirha wamehlo uya kuthi emva koko abuze ukuba itshathi ibonakala icace ngakumbi okanye ingaphantsi xa iilensi ezahlukeneyo zisendaweni.

Ukuba unxiba iilensi zoqhakamshelwano, cela ugqirha ukuba ufuna ukuzisusa kunye nexesha elingakanani phambi kovavanyo.

Akukho buhlungu.

Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Injongo kukufumanisa ukuba unempazamo yokuchasana (isidingo seglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano).

Kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 abanombono oqhelekileyo womgama kodwa ubunzima ngombono osondeleyo, uvavanyo lokukhutshwa lunokumisela amandla afanelekileyo okufunda iiglasi.

Ukuba umbono wakho ongachanekanga (ngaphandle kweiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano) uqhelekile, impazamo yokuphikisa ayiziro (iplano) kwaye umbono wakho kufuneka ube ngama-20/20 (okanye i-1.0).

Ixabiso lama-20/20 (1.0) ngumbono oqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungafunda iileta ezi-3/8-intshi (1 cm) kwi-20 yeenyawo (iimitha ezi-6). Ubungakanani bohlobo oluncinci bukwasetyenziselwa ukumisela okuqhelekileyo kufutshane nombono.

Unempazamo yokukhangela ukuba ufuna indibaniselwano yeelensi ukubona 20/20 (1.0). Iiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano kufuneka zikunike umbono olungileyo. Ukuba unempazamo ekhanyayo, une "amayeza." Amayeza akho luthotho lwamanani achaza amandla eelensi ezifunekayo ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo.

Ukuba umbono wakho wokugqibela ungaphantsi kwama-20/20 (1.0), nokuba uneelensi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ikhona enye ingxaki, engeyiyo eyamehlo kunye neliso lakho.

Inqanaba lombono oliphumelelayo ngexesha lovavanyo lokuphinda ubizwe ngokuba lelona lungiswa kakuhle lokubonwa (i-BCVA).

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• I-Astigmatism (i-cornea egobileyo engaqhelekanga ibangela umbono ophuthileyo)
• Hyperopia (ukubona kude)
• I-Myopia (ukubona kufutshane)
• I-Presbyopia (ukungakwazi ukugxila kwizinto ezikufutshane ezikhula kunye nobudala)

Ezinye iimeko apho uvavanyo lunokwenziwa khona:

• Izilonda ze-Corneal kunye nosulelo
• Ukuphulukana nombono obukhali ngenxa yokwehla kwemacular
• I-Retinal detachment (ukwahlula i-membrane e-light-sensitive (retina) ngasemva kweliso kwiindawo zayo ezixhasayo)
• Ukuvalelwa kwenqanawa ye-Retinal (ukuvaleka kumthambo omncinci othwala igazi ukuya kwi-retina)
• I-Retinitis pigmentosa (isifo esizuze njengelifa kwi-retina)

Akukho bungozi kolu vavanyo.

Kuya kufuneka uhlolwe amehlo ngokugqibeleleyo yonke iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ukuba awunangxaki. Ukuba umbono wakho uba mfiliba, uba mandundu, okanye ukuba kukho ezinye iinguqu ezibonakalayo, cwangcisa uviwo kwangoko.

Emva kweminyaka engama-40 (okanye kubantu abanembali yosapho ye-glaucoma), iimviwo zamehlo kufuneka zicwangciswe kube kanye ngonyaka ukuvavanya i-glaucoma. Nabani na onesifo seswekile kufuneka ahlolwe iliso kube kanye ngonyaka.

Abantu abaneempazamo ezibonakalisayo kufuneka babe novavanyo lwamehlo rhoqo kwiminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwe-2, okanye xa umbono wabo utshintsha.

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo - ukukhutshwa; Uvavanyo lombono - ukuphikisa; Ukutsala

• Umbono oqhelekileyo

UChuck RS, uJacobs DS, uLee JK, et al; IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology ekhethiweyo yokuziQhelanisa nePhatheni yoLawulo lokuLawula / iPhaneli yoNgenelelo. Iimpazamo ezibonisa ukurhaxwa kunye notyando lokubonisa. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125 (1): 1-104. IINKCUKACHA: 29108748 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29108748.

UFeder RS, u-Olsen TW, uPrum BE uJr, et al; IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lokujonga iliso kubantu abadala luthanda izikhokelo zepatheni yokwenza. Ophthalmology. Ngo-2016; 123 (1): 209-236. IINKCUKACHA: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.

U-Wu A. Ukukhutshwa kwezonyango. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahl. 2.3.