Colonoscopy

I-colonoscopy luvavanyo olujonga ngaphakathi kwe-colon (amathumbu amakhulu) kunye ne-rectum, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-colonoscope.

Ikholonoscope inekhamera encinci eqhotyoshelwe kumbhobho oguqukayo onokufikelela kubude bekholoni.

IColonoscopy yenziwa rhoqo kwigumbi lenkqubo kwiofisi kagqirha wakho. Inokwenziwa nakwisebe lezigulana ezingalaliswayo esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lonyango.

• Uya kucelwa ukuba utshintshe iimpahla zakho zasesitalatweni kwaye unxibe ilokhwe yasesibhedlele yenkqubo.
• Uya kuthi unikwe iyeza emthanjeni (IV) ukukunceda uphumle. Akufanele uve ntlungu. Unokuba uvukile ngexesha lovavanyo kwaye ukwazi nokuthetha. Ngokuqinisekileyo ngekhe ukhumbule nto.
• Ulala ngecala lakho lasekhohlo amadolo ebotshelelwe esifubeni sakho.
• Ubungakanani bufakwe ngobunono nge-anus. Ihanjiswe ngononophelo ekuqaleni kwethumbu elikhulu. Ubungakanani buqhubela phambili kancinci ukuya kuthi ga kwelona candelo lisezantsi lamathumbu amancinci.
• Umoya ufakwa kwisikali sokubonelela ngombono ongcono. Ukufunxa kunokusetyenziselwa ukususa ulwelo okanye isitulo.
• Ugqirha ufumana umbono ongcono njengoko umda ubuyiselwa ngaphandle. Ke, kuvavanyo olunonophele ngakumbi lwenziwa ngelixa ubungakanani butsalelwa emva.
• Iisampulu zeethishu (i-biopsy) okanye iipolyps zinokususwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezincinci ezifakwe kwisikali. Iifoto zinokuthathwa kusetyenziswa ikhamera ekupheleni kwenqanaba. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, iinkqubo ezifana nonyango lwe-laser ziyenziwa.

Amathumbu akho kufuneka angabinanto kwaye acoceke kuvavanyo. Ingxaki emathunjini akho amakhulu efuna ukunyangwa inokuphoswa ukuba amathumbu akho awacocwanga.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukunika amanyathelo okucoca amathumbu akho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukulungiselela amathumbu. Amanyathelo anokubandakanya:

• Sebenzisa i-enemas
• Ukungatyi ukutya okuqinileyo kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 phambi kovavanyo
• Ukuthatha laxatives

Kufuneka usele ulwelo oluninzi olucacileyo kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 phambi kovavanyo. Imizekelo yolwelo olucacileyo yile:

• Sula ikofu okanye iti
• I-bouillon engenamafutha okanye umhluzi
• IGelatin
• Iziphuzo zemidlalo ngaphandle kombala ongezelelweyo
• Iijusi zeziqhamo ezixineneyo
• Amanzi

Uya kuthi uxelelwe ukuba uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, okanye amanye amayeza anciphisa igazi kwiintsuku ezininzi ngaphambi kovavanyo. Qhubeka uthatha amanye amayeza ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ukuxelele ngenye indlela.

Kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha iipilisi zentsimbi okanye ulwelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo, ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli wakho ukuxelele ukuba kulungile ukuqhubeka. Intsimbi inokwenza isitulo sakho sibe mnyama mnyama. Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba ugqirha ajonge ngaphakathi kwamathumbu akho.

Amayeza aya kukwenza wozele ukuze ungaziva ungonwabanga okanye ube nenkumbulo yovavanyo.

Unokuziva uxinzelelo njengoko inqanaba lingena ngaphakathi. Unokuziva ubambekile kancinci kunye neentlungu zerhasi njengoko kufakwa umoya okanye ubungakanani buqhubela phambili. Ukugqithisa igesi kubalulekile kwaye kufanele ukuba kulindelwe.

Emva koviwo, unokuba nobunzima besisu esiswini kwaye upase igesi eninzi. Unokuziva ukhululekile kwaye ugula kwisisu sakho. Ezi mvakalelo ziya kuhamba kungekudala.

Kuya kufuneka ubuyele ekhaya malunga neyure enye emva kovavanyo. Kuya kufuneka ucwangcise ukuba nomntu othile akugoduse emva kovavanyo, kuba uya kuba woozy kwaye awukwazi ukuqhuba. Ababoneleli ngekhe bakuyeke uhambe de kufike umntu oza kukunceda.

Xa usekhaya, landela imiyalelo ekubuyiseni kwakhona kwinkqubo. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Sela ulwelo oluninzi. Yitya isidlo esisempilweni ukubuyisela amandla akho.
• Kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo ngosuku olulandelayo.
• Gwema ukuqhuba, ukusebenzisa oomatshini, ukusela utywala, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-24 emva kovavanyo.

IColonoscopy inokwenziwa ngezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Intlungu yesisu, utshintsho kwiintshukumo zamathumbu, okanye ukunciphisa umzimba
• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga (iipolyps) olufunyenwe kwiimvavanyo ze-sigmoidoscopy okanye ze-x-ray (i-CT scan okanye i-barium enema)
• I-anemia ngenxa yentsimbi esezantsi (ngesiqhelo xa kungekho esinye isizathu esifunyenweyo)
• Igazi esitofini, okanye emnyama, isitulo sokulinda
• Ukulandelelwa kokufunyanwa kwangaphambili, okufana neepolyps okanye umhlaza wekolon
• Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (ulcerative colitis kunye nesifo sikaCrohn)
• Ukuvavanywa komhlaza obonakalayo

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zizicubu zamathumbu ezisempilweni.

Iziphumo zovavanyo ezingaqhelekanga zinokuthetha nakuphi na oku kulandelayo:

• Iipakethi ezingaqhelekanga kumbhalo wamathumbu, obizwa ngokuba yi-diverticulosis
• Iindawo zokopha
• Umhlaza kwikholoni okanye kwi-rectum
• I-Colitis (amathumbu adumbileyo kwaye atshisayo) ngenxa yesifo seCrohn, isifo sezilonda, isifo, okanye ukungabikho kwegazi
• Ukukhula okuncinci okubizwa ngokuba ziipolyps kumngxunya wekholoni yakho (enokususwa ngokusebenzisa ikholonoscope ngexesha loviwo)

Iingozi ze-colonoscopy zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukopha okunzima okanye okuqhubekayo kwi-biopsy okanye ukususwa kwee-polyps
• Umngxunya okanye ukrazule eludongeni lwekholoni efuna utyando ukulungisa
• Usulelo olufuna unyango lwe-antibiotic (lunqabile kakhulu)
• Ukuphendula kunyango onikwe ukuba uphumle, kubangele iingxaki zokuphefumla okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi

Umhlaza wekolon - colonoscopy; Umhlaza omdaka - ikholonoscopy; Colonoscopy - ukuhlolwa; Iicolyp polyps - ikholososcopy; Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi - colonoscopy; Isifo Crohn - colonoscopy; I-diverticulitis - ikholonoscopy; Urhudo - colonoscopy; Anemia - colonoscopy; Igazi esitulweni - ikholonoscopy

• Colonoscopy
• Colonoscopy

Itzkowitz SH, Potack J.Iipolyp polyps kunye ne-polyposis syndromes. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 126.

Umthetho M, Johnson B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Umhlaza womzimba. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 74.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, okqhubekayo. Ukuvavanywa komhlaza ongalunganga: izindululo zoogqirha kunye nezigulana ezivela kwi-U.S. Multi-Society Task Force kwiColorectal Cancer. NdinguJ Gastroenterol. Ngo-2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. IINKCUKACHA: 28555630 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28555630.

I-Wolf AMD, i-Fontham ETH, iBandla TR, et al. Ukuvavanywa komhlaza ocacileyo kubantu abadala abasemngciphekweni: Uhlaziyo lwesikhokelo se2018 esivela kwiAmerican Cancer Society. Umhlaza kwi-CA. 2018; 68 (4): 250-281. IINKCUKACHA: 29846947 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29846947.