I-lymph node biopsy

I-lymph node biopsy kukususwa kwethambo le-lymph node yoviwo phantsi kwemicroscope.

Ii-lymph nodes ziincindi ezincinci ezenza iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-lymphocyte), ezilwa nosulelo. Iimpawu ze-lymph zingabamba iintsholongwane ezibangela usulelo. Umhlaza unokusasazeka kwii-lymph node.

I-lymph node biopsy ihlala isenziwa kwigumbi lokusebenza esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lonyango elingalaliswayo. I-biopsy inokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

I-biopsy evulekileyo yotyando lokususa yonke okanye inxenye ye-lymph node. Oku kuhlala kwenziwa ukuba kukho i-lymph node enokuziva kuvavanyo. Oku kunokwenziwa nge-anesthesia yendawo (iyeza elibandayo) elifakwe kule ndawo, okanye phantsi kwe-anesthesia ngokubanzi. Inkqubo yenziwa ngale ndlela ilandelayo:

• Ulele phezu kwetafile yoviwo. Unokunikwa iyeza lokukuthomalalisa kwaye likwenze wozele okanye ube neanesthesia ngokubanzi, okuthetha ukuba ulele kwaye awuva zintlungu.
• Indawo ye-biopsy icociwe.
• Ukusikwa okuncinci (ukusikwa) kwenziwa. I-lymph node okanye inxalenye yendawo isuswe.
• Incision ivaliwe ngemithungo kwaye ibhandeji okanye ulwelo olunamathelayo luyasetyenziswa.
• I-biopsy evulekileyo ingathatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45.

Kweminye imihlaza, kusetyenziswa indlela ekhethekileyo yokufumana eyona lymph node kwi-biopsy. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-sentinel lymph node biopsy, kwaye ibandakanya:

Inani elincinci le-tracer, nokuba yiradioac tracer (radioisotope) okanye idayi eblowu okanye zombini, itofwe kwindawo yethumba okanye kwindawo yethumba.

I-tracer okanye idayi ingena kwindawo ekufutshane (yendawo) okanye iindawo. Ezi ndawo kuthiwa zii-sentinel nodes. Iimpawu ze-sentinel zii-lymph nodes zokuqala apho umhlaza ungasasazeka khona.

Isinxibelelanisi indawo okanye iindawo zisuswe.

I-lymph node biopsies esiswini inokususwa nge-laparoscope. Le yityhubhu encinci enesibane kunye nekhamera efakwa ngokusikwa okuncinci esiswini. Kuya kwenziwa into enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwaye izixhobo ziya kufakwa ukunceda ukususa i-node. I-lymph node ifumaneka kwaye inxenye okanye iyasuswa. Oku kuhlala kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia ngokubanzi, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu onale nkqubo uya kulala kwaye angabi nazintlungu.

Emva kokuba isampulu isusiwe, ithunyelwa elebhu ukuvavanywa.

I-biopsy yenaliti ibandakanya ukufaka inaliti kwi-lymph node. Olu hlobo lwe-biopsy lunokwenziwa yi-radiologist ene-anesthesia yendawo, usebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan ukufumana indawo.

Xelela umboneleli wakho:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe
• Ukuba unayo nayiphi na aleji neziyobisi
• Ukuba uneengxaki zokopha
• Ngawaphi amayeza owathathayo (kubandakanya nasiphi na isongezelelo okanye amayeza esintu)

Umboneleli wakho unokucela ukuba:

• Yeka ukuthatha naliphi na igazi elincinci, njenge-aspirin, i-heparin, i-warfarin (i-Coumadin), okanye i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix) njengoko kuyalelwe
• Ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na emva kwexesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba uvulwe
• Fika ngexesha elithile lenkqubo

Xa kufakwa i-anesthetic yendawo, uya kuziva ngathi uhlaba kwaye ulume kancinci. Indawo ye-biopsy iya kuba buhlungu iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kovavanyo.

Emva kwe-biopsy evulekileyo okanye ye-laparoscopic, iintlungu zithambile kwaye unokuzilawula ngokulula ngamayeza eentlungu ngaphezulu kwe-counter. Unokuphawula ukuba kukho ukugruzuka okanye ukuvuza kwamanzi iintsuku ezimbalwa. Landela imiyalelo yokunyamekela ukusikwa. Nangona i-incision iyaphilisa, thintela naluphi na uhlobo lokuzilolonga kakhulu okanye ukuphakamisa okunzima okubangela iintlungu okanye ukungonwabi. Buza umboneleli wakho ngemiyalelo ethile malunga nezinto onokuzenza.

Uvavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umhlaza, i-sarcoidosis, okanye usulelo (olufana nesifo sephepha):

• Xa wena okanye umboneleli wakho uziva udumbile kwaye ahambi
• Xa i-lymph node engaqhelekanga ikhona kwi-mammogram, i-ultrasound, i-CT, okanye i-MRI scan
• Kwabanye abantu abanomhlaza, njengomhlaza webele okanye i-melanoma, ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazekile (sentinel lymph node biopsy or needle biopsy by a radiologist)

Iziphumo ze-biopsy zinceda umboneleli wakho ukuba athathe isigqibo malunga novavanyo olongezelelweyo kunye nonyango.

Ukuba i-lymph node biopsy ayibonisi nayiphi na imiqondiso yomhlaza, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye i-lymph node ezikufutshane nazo azinomhlaza. Olu lwazi lunokunceda umboneleli athathe isigqibo malunga nolunye uvavanyo kunye nonyango.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa ziimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kusulelo olungephi ukuya kumhlaza.

Umzekelo, ii-lymph node ezandisiweyo zinokubakho ngenxa:

• Umhlaza (ibele, umphunga, umlomo)
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• Umhlaza wamathambo e-lymph (Hodgkin okanye non-Hodgkin lymphoma)
• Usulelo (isifo sephepha, isifo sekati)
• Ukudumba kwe-lymph node kunye namanye amalungu kunye nezicubu (sarcoidosis)

I-lymph node biopsy inokubangela nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukopha
• Usulelo (kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, inxeba lisenokosulelwa kwaye kungafuneka uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane)
• Ukulimala kwamathambo ukuba i-biopsy yenziwe kwi-lymph node kufuphi neentsholongwane (i-numbness idla ngokuhamba kwiinyanga ezimbalwa)

Biopsy - nkovu iindawo; Vula i-lymph node biopsy; I-biopsy enqwenela inaliti; I-Sentinel lymph node biopsy

• Inkqubo yeLymphatic
• I-lymph node metastases, i-CT yokuskena

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. I-Biopsy, indawo ekhethekileyo-isampuli. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ii-eds. Iimvavanyo zaselebhu kunye neenkqubo zokuqonda isifo. Umhla wesi-6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2013: 199-202.

IChung A, iGiuliano AE. Imephu yeLymphatic kunye ne-sentinel lymphadenectomy yomhlaza wamabele. Ku: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, ii-eds. Isifuba: Ulawulo oluBanzi lwezifo ezinobungozi kunye nezifo ezinobungozi. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 42.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. I-Sentinel lymph node biopsy. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging/sentinel-node-biopsy-fact-sheet. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 25, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngoJulayi 13, 2020.

I-NA encinci, i-Dulaimi E, i-Al-Saleem T. I-lymph node: i-cytomorphology kunye ne-cytometry yokuhamba. Ku: Bibbo M, Wilbur DC, ii-eds. ICytopathology ebanzi. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 25.