Uvavanyo loxinano lwamaminerali

Uvavanyo lwe-bone mineral density (BMD) lilinganisa ukuba ingakanani ikhalsiyam kunye nezinye iintlobo zeeminerals kwindawo yethambo lakho.

Olu vavanyo lunceda umboneleli wakho wezempilo abone i-osteoporosis kwaye aqikelele umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwethambo.

Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi.

Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo nechanekileyo isebenzisa i-eneji ezimbini ze-x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. I-DEXA isebenzisa idosi ephantsi x-reyi. (Ufumana imitha engaphezulu kwisifuba i-x-ray.)

Zimbini iintlobo zeskena se-DEXA:

• UMbindi we-DEXA-Ulele kwitafile ethambileyo. Iskena sidlula ngaphezulu komqolo kunye nesinqe sakho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, awudingi ukuba ukhulule. Oluvavanyo lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo lokuqikelela umngcipheko wokuqhekeka, ngakumbi esinqeni.
• Umda we-DEXA (p-DEXA) - Oomatshini abancinci balinganisa uxinano lwethambo esihlahleni sakho, iminwe, umlenze, okanye isithende. Aba matshini bakwiiofisi zononophelo lwempilo, iikhemesti, amaziko okuthenga, nakwimiboniso yezempilo.

Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa, xelela umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe olu vavanyo.

SUKUTHathi uthathe izongezo zekhalsiyam iiyure ezingama-24 phambi kovavanyo.

Uya kuxelelwa ukuba ususe zonke izinto zesinyithi emzimbeni wakho, ezinje ngobucwebe kunye neebhakethi.

Ukuskena akukho ntlungu. Kufuneka uhlale uzolile ngexesha lovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwe-Bone mineral density (BMD) zisetyenziselwa:

• Ukuchonga ukulahleka kwethambo kunye ne-osteoporosis
• Jonga indlela elisebenza ngayo iyeza le-osteoporosis
• Qikelela umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwethambo kwixa elizayo

Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo kuyacetyiswa kubo bonke abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu.

Akukho sivumelwano sipheleleyo malunga nokuba ngaba amadoda kufuneka enze olu hlobo lovavanyo. Amanye amaqela acebisa ukuvavanywa kwamadoda aneminyaka engama-70, ngelixa amanye esithi ubungqina abucaci ngokwaneleyo ukuba bangatsho na ukuba abesilisa kule minyaka bayazuza ngokuhlolwa.

Abafazi abancinci, kunye nabesilisa nabuphi na ubudala, banokufuna ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo ukuba banobungozi be-osteoporosis. Ezi zinto zibeka emngciphekweni zibandakanya:

• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo emva kweminyaka engama-50
• Imbali yosapho eyomeleleyo ye-osteoporosis
• Imbali yonyango lomhlaza wedlala lobudoda okanye umhlaza webele
• Imbali yeemeko zonyango ezinje nge-rheumatoid arthritis, isifo seswekile, ukungalingani kwe-thyroid, okanye i-anorexia nervosa
• Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni (nokuba kubangelwe zizinto zendalo okanye i-hysterectomy)
• Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwamayeza afana ne-corticosteroids, ihomoni ye-thyroid, okanye i-aromatase inhibitors
• Ubunzima bomzimba obuphantsi (ngaphantsi kweepawundi ezili-127) okanye isalathiso sobunzima obuphantsi bomzimba (ngaphantsi kwama-21)
• Ukuphulukana okubonakalayo kokuphakama
• Ixesha elide lecuba okanye ukusebenzisa kakhulu utywala

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho zihlala zixelwa njengamanqaku e-T kunye nenqaku le-Z:

• Amanqaku e-T athelekisa uxinano lwethambo lakho kunye nelomfazi osemtsha osempilweni.
• Amanqaku e-Z athelekisa uxinano lwethambo lakho nelabanye abantu bobudala bakho, isini, kunye nohlanga.

Ngawaphi na amanqaku, inani elingalunganga lithetha ukuba unamathambo amancinci kunomndilili. Eyona nto imbi kakhulu kwinani, kokukhona uya usanda umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwethambo.

Amanqaku e-T aphakathi kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo ukuba ngu -0.0 okanye ngaphezulu.

Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwamaminerali aluchongi ukwaphuka. Kunye neminye imingcipheko onokuthi ube nayo, kuyanceda ukuqikelela umngcipheko wokuba unokwaphuka kwethambo kwixa elizayo. Umboneleli wakho uya kukunceda uqonde iziphumo.

Ukuba amanqaku akho T:

• Phakathi kwe -1 kunye ne-2.5, unokuba nokulahleka kwethambo kwangoko (i-osteopenia)
• Ngaphantsi kwe -2.5, unokuba ne-osteoporosis

Ingcebiso yonyango ixhomekeke kubungozi bokuqhekeka. Lo mngcipheko ungabalwa kusetyenziswa amanqaku e-FRAX. Umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga noku. Unokufumana ulwazi malunga ne-FRAX kwi-Intanethi.

Ukuxinana kwamaminerali amathambo kusetyenziswa isixa esincinci semitha. Uninzi lweengcali zivakalelwa kukuba umngcipheko usezantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezibonelelo zokufumana i-osteoporosis ngaphambi kokuba wophule ithambo.

Uvavanyo lweBMD; Uvavanyo lokuxinana kwamathambo; I-densitometry yethambo; Ukuskena i-DEXA; I-DXA; Amandla ombini e-x-ray absorptiometry; p-DEXA; IOsteoporosis - iBMD; I-x-ray absorptiometry emibini

• Ukuvavanywa koxinano lwamathambo
• Unyango
• Unyango

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Umsebenzi we-US Preventive Services Task Force; UCurry SJ, uKrist AH, u-Owens DK, et al. Uvavanyo lwe-osteoporosis ukunqanda ukwaphuka: I-US Preventive Services Task Force statement. JAMA. 2018; 319 (24): 2521-2531. IINKCUKACHA: 29946735 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29946735/.

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