Ukuvuza ngaphantsi

Ukuvuza ngaphantsi sisifo esiqhelekileyo esidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini.

I-Gonorrhea ibangelwa yintsholongwane I-Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Naluphi na uhlobo lwesini lunokusasaza i-gonorrhea. Ungayifumana ngokudibana nomlomo, umqala, amehlo, urethra, ubufazi, ipipi, okanye umngxuma.

I-Gonorrhea sisifo sesibini esichazwa ngokuxhaphakileyo. Phantse amatyala angama-330,000 e-United States minyaka le.

Iibhaktheriya zikhula kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, ezifumileyo zomzimba. Oku kunokubandakanya ityhubhu ehambisa umchamo ngaphandle komzimba (urethra). Kubasetyhini, iibhaktheriya zifumaneka kwiindlela zokuzala (ezibandakanya i-fallopian tubes, isibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko). Iibhaktheriya nazo ziyakhula emehlweni.

Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo bayacelwa ngumthetho ukuba baxelele iBhodi kaRhulumente yezeMpilo malunga nawo onke amatyala: ukuvuza ngaphantsi. Injongo yalo mthetho kukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu ufumana ukhathalelo olulungileyo kunye nonyango. Amaqabane ezesondo nawo kufuneka afunyanwe kwaye avavanywe.

Kungenzeka ukuba uhlakulele esi sifo xa:

• Unamaqabane amaninzi owabelana nawo ngesondo.
• Unomlingane onembali edlulileyo yayo nayiphi na i-STI.
• Awusebenzisi ikhondom xa usabelana ngesondo.
• Usebenzisa kakubi utywala okanye izinto ezingekho mthethweni.

Iimpawu zokuvuza ngaphantsi zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kokosuleleka. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha inyanga ukuya kwiimpawu zokubonakala kwindoda.

Abanye abantu abanazo iimpawu. Basenokungazi ukuba balubambile usulelo, ke musa ukufuna unyango. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko weengxaki kunye namathuba okudlulisela usulelo komnye umntu.

Iimpawu emadodeni zibandakanya:

• Ukutsha kunye neentlungu xa uchama
• Kufuneka uchame ngokungxamisekileyo okanye rhoqo
• Ukukhutshwa kwilungu lobudoda (emhlophe, tyheli, okanye luhlaza ngombala)
• Ubomvu okanye ukudumba kokuvula kwepenisi (urethra)
• Ithenda okanye ukudumba kwamatyhalarha
• Umqala obuhlungu (gonococcal pharyngitis)

Iimpawu kubantu basetyhini zinokuba mnene kakhulu. Banokuphazama ngolunye uhlobo losulelo. Ziquka:

• Ukutsha kunye neentlungu xa uchama
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Ukwabelana ngesondo okubuhlungu
• Intlungu ebuhlungu kwisisu esisezantsi (ukuba usulelo lusasazeka kwimibhobho yesibeleko nakwindawo yesibeleko)
• Umkhuhlane (ukuba usulelo lwanwenwela kwimibhobho yesibeleko nakwindawo yesibeleko)
• Ukopha okungalunganga kwesibeleko
• Ukopha emva kwesondo
• Ukukhutshwa ngokungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi kunye nokuvuza okuluhlaza, tyheli okanye okunuka kakubi

Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka kwigazi, iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ifiva
• Irhashalala
• Iimpawu ezifana neArthritis

I-Gonorrhea inokufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza ngokujonga isampuli yokukhutshwa okanye izicubu phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yibala legram. Le ndlela iyakhawuleza, kodwa ayisiyonyani.

I-Gonorrhea ifunyenwe ngokuchanekileyo kwiimvavanyo ze-DNA. Uvavanyo lwe-DNA luluncedo ekuhlolweni. Uvavanyo lwe-ligase chain reaction (LCR) lolunye lovavanyo. Uvavanyo lwe-DNA luyakhawuleza kunenkcubeko. Ezi mvavanyo zinokwenziwa kwiisampuli zomchamo, ekulula ukuzilanda kuneesampulu ezivela kwilungu lobufazi.

Phambi kovavanyo lwe-DNA, iinkcubeko (iiseli ezikhula kwisitya sebhu) bezisetyenziselwa ukunika ubungqina begonorrhea, kodwa azisasetyenziswa ngoku.

Iisampulu zenkcubeko zihlala zithathwa kumlomo wesibeleko, kwisini, kwi-urethra, kwi-anus, okanye emqaleni. Rhoqo, iisampulu zithathwa kulwelo oludibeneyo okanye egazini. Iinkcubeko zihlala zibonelela ngoxilongo kwangoko ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-24. Ukuxilongwa okuqinisekileyo kuyafumaneka kwiiyure ezingama-72.

Ukuba une-gonorrhea, kuya kufuneka ucele ukuvavanyelwa ezinye izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, kubandakanya i-chlamydia, igcushuwa, kunye ne-HIV herpes kunye ne-hepatitis.

Ukuvavanywa kwe-gonorrhea kubantu abangenawo amandla kufuneka kwenzeke kula maqela alandelayo:

• Abasetyhini abasebenza ngesondo abaneminyaka engama-24 nangaphantsi
• Umfazi ongaphezulu kweminyaka engama-24 osengozini yokosulelwa

Akucaci ukuba ngaba ukuhlola amadoda nge-gonorrhea kunenzuzo.

Inani leyeza ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga olu hlobo losulelo.

• Unokufumana idosi enye enkulu ye-antibiotics yomlomo okanye uthathe idosi encinci iintsuku ezisixhenxe.
• Unokunikwa inaliti yokubulala iintsholongwane okanye udutyulwe, emva koko unikwe iipilisi zentsholongwane. Ezinye iintlobo zeepilisi zithathwa ngexesha elinye kwiofisi yomboneleli. Ezinye iintlobo zithathwa ekhaya ukuya kuthi ga kwiveki.
• Iimeko ezinzima ze-PID (isifo sokuvuvukala kweplavic) sinokufuna ukuba uhlale esibhedlele. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikwa ngaphakathi.
• Ungaze uziphathe ungabonwanga ngumboneleli wakho kuqala. Umboneleli wakho uya kugqiba unyango olulungileyo.

Phantse isiqingatha sabasetyhini abane-gonorrhea banesifo se-chlamydia. I-Chlamydia iphathwa ngexesha elifanayo njenge-gonorrhea infection.

Uya kudinga ukutyelelwa emva kweentsuku ezisi-7 ukuba iimpawu zakho zibandakanya iintlungu ezidibeneyo, irhashalala, okanye iintlungu zesisu okanye zesisu. Uvavanyo luyakwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba usulelo luphelile.

Amaqabane ezesondo kufuneka avavanywe kwaye anyangwe ukunqanda ukusasulela usulelo emva naphambili. Wena neqabane lakho kufuneka nigqibe zonke ii-antibiotics. Sebenzisa iikhondom de nigqibe nobabini ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba ufumene i-gonorrhea okanye i-chlamydia, awufane uphinde ufumane isifo ukuba uhlala usebenzisa iikhondom.

Bonke abafowunelwa ngokwesondo bomntu onesifo sokuvuza ngaphantsi kufuneka kuqhagamshelwane nabo kwaye bavavanywe. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka ngakumbi kosulelo.

• Kwezinye iindawo, unokukwazi ukuthatha ulwazi kunye namayeza kwiqabane lakho owabelana nalo ngesondo.
• Kwezinye iindawo, isebe lezempilo liya kuqhagamshelana neqabane lakho.

Usulelo lwe-gonorrhea olungasasazekanga phantse lunyangeke rhoqo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. I-Gonorrhea esasazekayo sisifo esibi kakhulu. Uninzi lwexesha, iba ngcono ngonyango.

Iingxaki kwabasetyhini zinokubandakanya:

• Usulelo olunwenwela kwimibhobho yesibeleko kunokubangela ukonakala. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zokukhulelwa kamva. Inokukhokelela kwintlungu engapheliyo ye-pelvic, i-PID, ukungachumi, kunye nokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic. Iziqendu eziphindaphindwayo ziya konyusa amathuba akho okuba ungachumi ngenxa yomonakalo wethubhu.
• Abafazi abakhulelweyo abane-gonorrhea ebukhali banokusidlulisela esi sifo ebantwaneni babo xa besesibelekweni okanye ngexesha lokubeleka.
• Inokubangela iingxaki ekukhulelweni njengosulelo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwangaphambi kwexesha.
• Ithumba esiswini (isibeleko) kunye nesisu.

Iingxaki emadodeni zingabandakanya:

• Ukuqhekeka okanye ukunciphisa i-urethra (ityhubhu ehambisa umchamo emzimbeni)
• Ithumba (ingqokelela yobofu ejikeleze urethra)

Iingxaki kumadoda nabasetyhini zinokubandakanya:

• Izifo ezidibeneyo
• Usulelo lwevalvu yentliziyo
• Usulelo olujikeleze ingqondo (meningitis)

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uneempawu zokuvuza ngaphantsi. Uninzi lweeklinikhi ezixhaswa ngurhulumente ziya kuxilonga nokunyanga ii-STI ngaphandle kwentlawulo.

Ukuphepha ukunxibelelana ngokwesondo kuphela kwendlela eqinisekileyo yokuthintela ukuvuza ngaphantsi. Ukuba wena neqabane lakho aniyolala nabanye abantu, oku kungalinciphisa kakhulu ithuba lakho.

Ukwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekileyo kuthetha ukuthatha amanyathelo ngaphambi nangexesha lesini elinokukunqanda ekufumaneni usulelo, okanye ekunikezeni iqabane lakho. Izenzo ezikhuselekileyo zesondo zibandakanya ukuvavanywa kwe-STIs kuwo onke amaqabane ezesondo, ukusebenzisa iikhondom ngokungaguqukiyo, ukunxibelelana nabantu abambalwa.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba ufanele ufumane ikhonkco lokugonya i-hepatitis B kunye nekhonkco lokugonya le-HPV. Unokufuna kwakhona ukuqaphela isitofu sokugonya se-HPV.

Qhwaba; Ukuvuza

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Ukwabiwa kwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo ngo-2019. Www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/2019/default.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Epreli 13, 2021. Ifikeleleke ngo-Epreli 15, 2021.

Ukumisela i-JE. Usulelo lweGonococcal. Ku: Wilson CB, Nizet V, Maldonado YA, Remington JS, Klein JO, ii-eds. Izifo ezosulelayo zosana olungekazalwa kunye nosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa u-Remington noKlein. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 15.

IHabif TP. Ukosuleleka ngesondo ziintsholongwane. Ku: Habif TP, ed. Zonyango lwezonyango. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 10.

LeFevre ML; IiNkonzo zoThintelo ze-US. Ukuhlolwa kweClamydia kunye ne-gonorrhea: I-US Preventive Services Task Force statement. UAnn Intern Med. Ngo-2014; 161 (12): 902-910. IINKCUKACHA: 25243785 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25243785.

IMarrazzo JM, iApicella MA. I-Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gonorrhea). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. UMandell, uDouglas, kunye neMigaqo yeBennett kunye nokuSebenza kwezifo ezosulelayo, uHlelo oluHlaziyiweyo. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 214.

IiNkonzo zoThintelo lweeNkonzo zoMsebenzi wase-US. Isiteyitimenti sokugqibela sengcebiso: I-chlamydia kunye ne-gonorrhea: ukuhlolwa. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/chlamydia-and-gonorrhea-creening. Ukuhlaziywa kukaSeptemba 2014. Ufikeleleke ngo-Epreli 29, 2019.

Indawo yokusebenza KA, Bolan GA; Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC). Isikhokelo sonyango lwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, 2015. Ingcebiso kaMMWR. Ngo-2015; 64 (RR-03): 1-137. IINKCUKACHA: 26042815 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26042815.