I-arch ephindwe kabini

I-aortic arch ephindwe kabini kukwenziwa ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwe-aorta, umthambo omkhulu ohambisa igazi lisuka entliziyweni liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ingxaki yokuzalwa, oko kuthetha ukuba ikhona ekuzalweni.

I-aortic arch ephindwe kabini yindlela eqhelekileyo yeqela leziphene ezichaphazela ukukhula kwe-aorta esibelekweni. Ezi ziphene zibangela ukwakheka okungaqhelekanga okubizwa ngokuba yiringi yemithambo (isangqa semithambo yegazi).

Ngokwesiqhelo, i-aorta ivela kwelinye lamaqhekeza egoso (arches). Njengokuba abantwana bekhula esibelekweni, iiarches zahlulahlulwa zangamacandelo aliqela. Umzimba wophula ezinye iiarches, ngelixa ezinye zenza imithambo. I-aorta ekhule ngokwesiqhelo yinto enye eshiya intliziyo ihambe ngasekhohlo.

Kwi-arortic arch ephindwe kabini, ezinye iiarches ebekufanele ukuba zanyamalala zisekhona ekuzalweni ukongeza kwi-arch eqhelekileyo. Iintsana ezine-aortic arch ephindwe kabini zine-aorta eyenziwe ziinqanawa ezimbini endaweni enye.Amacandelo amabini ukuya kwi-aorta aneemithambo ezincinci ezivela kuwo. Ngenxa yoko, la masebe mabini ajikeleza kwaye acinezele umbhobho womoya kunye netyhubhu (yomqala) ehambisa ukutya ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya esiswini.

I-aortic arch ephindwe kabini inokwenzeka kwezinye iziphene zentliziyo yokuzalwa, kubandakanya:

• Tetralogy yoBuxoki
• Truncus arteriosus
• Ukutshintshwa kwemithambo enkulu
• Isiphene se-Ventricular septal

I-arch ephindwe kabini inqabile. Amakhonkco e-Vascular enza ipesenti encinci yazo zonke iingxaki zentliziyo yokuzalwa. Kwezi, ngaphezulu kancinci kwesiqingatha kubangelwa yi-aortic arch ephindwe kabini. Imeko yenzeka ngokulinganayo emadodeni nakwabasetyhini. Ihlala ikhona kubantu abane-chromosome ethile engaqhelekanga.

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-aortic arch ephindwe kabini zihlala ziphakathi, ingxaki ayinakufunyanwa de umntwana abe neminyaka embalwa ubudala.

I-aortic arch ephindwe kabini inokucinezela kwi-trachea kunye ne-esophagus, ekhokelela kwingxaki yokuphefumla nokuginya. Ubuzaza beempawu zixhomekeke ekubeni i-aortic arch icinezela kangakanani kwezi zakhiwo.

Iimpawu zokuphefumla zibandakanya:

• Isandi esiphakamileyo ngexesha lokuphefumla (stridor)
• Ukuphefumla okunengxolo
• Iinyumoniya eziphindiweyo
• Ukukhawuleza

Iimpawu zokugaya zinokubandakanya:

• Ukukrwitsha
• Kunzima ukutya nokuginya
• Ukuhlanza

Iimpawu zingakhokelela ekubeni umboneleli wokhathalelo lwempilo akrokre i-arch ephindwe kabini. Olunye uvavanyo luya kufuneka emva koko ukuqinisekisa isifo.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zinokunceda ekuchongeni i-arortic arch ephindwe kabini:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Izikena ezenza imifanekiso enqamlezayo yomzimba (CT okanye iMRI scan)
• Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasound lwentliziyo (i-echocardiography)
• I-X-ray isebenzisa into echaza i-esophagus (barium swallow)

Ugqirha lunokwenziwa ukulungisa i-arch ephindwe kabini. Ugqirha ubopha kwisebe elincinci kwaye alihlule kwisebe elikhulu. Emva koko ugqirha uvala iziphelo ze-aorta ngemithungo. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-esophagus kunye ne-windpipe.

Uninzi lwabantwana luziva lungcono kanye emva kotyando, nangona abanye benokuthi baqhubeke nokuba neempawu zokuphefumla kangangexesha elithile emva kokulungiswa kotyando. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yobuthathaka betrachea ngenxa yoxinzelelo kuyo ngaphambi kokulungiswa kotyando.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuba iarch icinezele kakhulu kwindlela yomoya, umntwana unokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla obukhokelela ekufeni.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukungaphumeleli
• Izifo zokuphefumula
• Ukunxiba umgca womphetho (ukukhukuliseka komqala) kunye nombhobho womoya
• Kunqabile kakhulu, unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga phakathi kwe-esophagus kunye ne-aorta (aortoesophageal fistula)

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba usana lwakho luneempawu ze-aortic arch ephindwe kabini.

Akukho ndlela yaziwayo yokuthintela le meko.

IAortic arch iyamangalisa; IArch kabini; Isiphene sentliziyo yento yokuzalwa - i-arch ephindwe kabini; Isiphene sokuzalwa kwentliziyo-i-arch ephindwe kabini

• Isangqa semithambo
• I-arch ephindwe kabini

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