Isifo se-Eisenmenger

Isifo se-Eisenmenger yimeko echaphazela ukuphuma kwegazi ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni kwabanye abantu abazalwa benengxaki yokwakheka kwentliziyo.

I-Eisenmenger syndrome yimeko ebangelwa kukujikeleza kwegazi okungaqhelekanga okubangelwa sisiphene entliziyweni. Rhoqo, abantu abanale meko bazalwa benomngxunya phakathi kwamagumbi amabini okupompa- iicricle zasekhohlo nezasekunene zentliziyo (i-ventricular septal defect). Umngxunya uvumela igazi esele lithathe ioksijini emiphungeni ukuba libuyele emiphungeni, endaweni yokuphuma liye kuwo wonke umzimba.

Ezinye iziphene zentliziyo ezinokukhokelela kwi-Eisenmenger syndrome zibandakanya:

• Isiphene somjelo we-atrioventricular
• Isiphene se-Atrial septal
• Isifo sentliziyo seCyanotic
• Ipatent ductus arteriosus
• Truncus arteriosus

Kwiminyaka emininzi, ukwanda kokuhamba kwegazi kungonakalisa imithambo yegazi emincinci. Oku kubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhamba kwegazi kubuyela umva ngomngxuma phakathi kwamagumbi amabini okupompa. Oku kuvumela igazi elingenayo ioksijini ukuba lihambe liye emzimbeni wonke.

Isifo se-Eisenmenger sinokuqala ukukhula ngaphambi kokuba umntwana afikelele kwinqanaba lokufikisa. Nangona kunjalo, inokukhula nokuba mdala, kwaye inokuqhubela phambili ebudaleni.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iminwe, iinzwane, kunye nolusu (i-cyanosis)
• Iinzipho ezijikeleziweyo kunye neenzwane (iklabhu)
• Ubudenge nokutswina kweminwe neenzwane
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukukhohlela igazi
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukufa isiqaqa
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Iintliziyo ezitsibileyo (ukubetha kwentliziyo)
• Ukubetha
• Ukudumba kumalungu adalwe yi-uric acid eninzi kakhulu (igawuthi)

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kumvavanya umntwana. Ngexesha loviwo, umboneleli unokufumana:

• Isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (arrhythmia)
• Ukwandiswa kweziphelo zeminwe okanye iinzwane (i-clubbing)
• Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo (isandi esongezelelweyo xa umamele intliziyo)

Umboneleli uya kuchonga isifo se-Eisenmenger ngokujonga imbali yomntu yeengxaki zentliziyo. Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukuvavanywa kwentliziyo ye-MRI
• Ukubeka ityhubhu ebhityileyo kwimithambo ukujonga intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi kunye nokulinganisa uxinzelelo (catheterization yentliziyo)
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wombane entliziyweni (electrocardiogram)
• I-Ultrasound yentliziyo (i-echocardiogram)

Inani lamatyala ale meko e-United States lehlile kuba oogqirha ngoku bayakwazi ukuxilonga nokulungisa isiphene kwangoko. Ke ngoko, ingxaki inokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwimithambo emincinci yemiphunga.

Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abaneempawu banokuthi basuswe igazi emzimbeni (phlebotomy) ukunciphisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Umntu emva koko ufumana ulwelo endaweni yegazi elahlekileyo (ukubuyisela ivolumu).

Abantu abachaphazelekayo banokufumana ioksijini, nangona kungacaci ukuba iyanceda na ukusikhusela esi sifo ukuba singabi sibi. Ukongeza, amayeza asebenzela ukuphumla kunye nokuvula imithambo yegazi anokunikwa. Abantu abaneempawu ezibi kakhulu banokufuna ukufakelwa kwentliziyo nemiphunga.

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu ochaphazelekayo kuxhomekeke ekubeni ikhona enye imeko yonyango, kunye nobudala apho uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lukhula khona emiphungeni. Abantu abakule meko bangaphila iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukopha (ukopha) kwingqondo
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo
• Igawuthi
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Hyperviscosity (sludging yegazi kuba ityebile kakhulu ngeeseli zegazi)
• Usulelo (ithumba) kwingqondo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukungahambi kakuhle kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo
• Ukubetha
• Ukufa ngesiquphe

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba umntwana wakho uvela kwi-Eisenmenger syndrome.

Ugqirha kwangoko kunokwenzeka ukulungisa isiphene sentliziyo kunokuthintela isifo se-Eisenmenger.

Inkqubo ye-Eisenmenger; Isifo se-Eisenmenger; Ukuphendula kwe-Eisenmenger; I-eisenmenger physiology; Isiphene sentliziyo esibelekwe - uEisenmenger; Isifo sentliziyo iCyanotic - i-Eisenmenger; Intliziyo yesiphene sokuzalwa-uEisenmenger

• Isifo se-Eisenmenger (okanye ubunzima)

U-Bernstein D. Imigaqo ngokubanzi yonyango lwesifo sentliziyo. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 461.

Unyango J, Marelli AJ. Isifo sentliziyo esibelekweni kubantu abadala. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 61.

IWebb GD, i-Smallhorn JF, iTherrien J, iRedington AN. Isifo sentliziyo esibelekwe kumntu omkhulu nakwisigulana sabantwana. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 75.