Ivalicic aortic ivelufa

I-bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) yi-aortic valve enamaphetshana amabini kuphela, endaweni yezintathu.

Ivalve aortic ilawula ukuhamba kwegazi okusuka entliziyweni liye kwi-aorta. I-aorta sesona sitya segazi siphambili esizisa igazi eline-oksijini emzimbeni.

Ivalve aortic ivumela igazi eline-oksijini egazini ukuba liphume entliziyweni liye kwi-aorta. Inqanda igazi ukuba lingabuyi umva ukusuka kwi-aorta lize entliziyweni xa igumbi lokupompa liphumle.

I-BAV ikhona ekuzalweni (kokuzalwa). Ivalve engaqhelekanga ye-aortic ikhula ngexesha leeveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa, xa intliziyo yomntwana ikhula. Unobangela wale ngxaki awucacanga, kodwa sisona siphene sentliziyo sizalwa sinesiqhelo. I-BAV ihlala isebenza kwiintsapho.

I-BAV isenokungasebenzi ngokupheleleyo ekunqandeni igazi ekubeni liphinde libuyele entliziyweni. Oku kuvuza kubizwa ngokuba kukuphinda kusebenze kwakhona. Ivalvu ye-aortic nayo inokuba lukhuni kwaye ingavuleki. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-aortic stenosis, ebangela ukuba intliziyo impompe nzima kunesiqhelo ukufumana igazi ngevalve. I-aorta inokwandiswa ngale meko.

I-BAV ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda kunabasetyhini.

I-BAV ihlala ikhona kwiintsana ezine-aorta (ukunciphisa i-aorta). I-BAV ikwabonwa nakwizifo apho kuthintelwe ukuhamba kwegazi kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo.

Uninzi lwexesha, i-BAV ayifumaneki kwiintsana okanye ebantwaneni kuba ayibangeli zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ivelufa engaqhelekanga inokuvuza okanye icekeceke ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Iimpawu zezo ngxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Amatayara omntwana okanye omntwana ngokulula
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Kunzima ukuphefumla
• Ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo kunye nokungaqhelekanga (ukubetha)
• Ukuphulukana nokuqonda (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
• Ulusu oluthuthu

Ukuba umntwana unezinye iingxaki zentliziyo yokuzalwa, kunokubangela iimpawu eziza kukhokelela ekufumanekeni kweBAV.

Ngexesha loviwo, umboneleli wezempilo unokufumana iimpawu ze-BAV kubandakanya:

• Yandisa intliziyo
• Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo
• Ukubetha okubuthathaka ezihlahleni nasemaqatheni

Uvavanyo olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• I-MRI, ebonelela ngomfanekiso oneenkcukacha zentliziyo
• I-Echocardiogram, eyi-ultrasound ejonga ukwakheka kwentliziyo kunye nokuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi entliziyweni

Ukuba umboneleli ukrokrela iingxaki okanye ezinye iziphene zentliziyo, olunye uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG), eyenza amanyathelo ombane wentliziyo
• I-catheterization yentliziyo, inkqubo apho ityhubhu encinci (catheter) ibekwa entliziyweni ukubona ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokuthatha imilinganiselo echanekileyo yoxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eoksijini
• I-MRA, iMRI esebenzisa idayi ukujonga imithambo yegazi yentliziyo

Usana okanye umntwana angadinga utyando ukulungisa okanye ukufaka ivalve evuzayo okanye emxinwa, ukuba iingxaki zinzima.

Ivalve ecuthayo inokuvulwa kwakhona nge-catheterization yentliziyo. Ityhubhu entle (i-catheter) ijolise entliziyweni nakukuvula okuxineneyo kwevalvu ye-aortic. Ibhaluni eqhotyoshelwe esiphelweni ityhubhu inyuswe ukuze kuvulwe ivalve enkulu.

Kubantu abadala, xa ivelufa ye-bicuspid ivuza kakhulu okanye inciphe kakhulu, inokufuna ukubuyiselwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-aorta inokufuna ukulungiswa ukuba ibanzi kakhulu okanye imxinwa kakhulu.

Amayeza anokufuneka ukuze kupheliswe iimpawu okanye kuthintelwe iingxaki. Amayeza anokubandakanya:

• Iziyobisi ezathoba umthwalo entliziyweni (i-beta-blockers, i-ACE inhibitors)
• Iziyobisi ezenza ukuba impompo yemisipha yentliziyo ibe nzima (iiarhente ze-inotropic)
• Iipilisi zamanzi (i-diuretics)

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntwana kuxhomekeke kubukho kunye nobukhali beengxaki zeBAV.

Ubukho bezinye iingxaki zomzimba ekuzalweni nako kunokuchaphazela indlela aqhuba ngayo umntwana.

Uninzi lweentsana ezinayo le meko azinazo iimpawu, kwaye ingxaki ayifumaneki de babe badala. Abanye abantu zange bafumanise ukuba banayo le ngxaki.

Iingxaki zeBAV zibandakanya:

• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Ukuvuza kwegazi kwivelufa ebuyela entliziyweni
• Ukunciphisa ukuvulwa kwevalve
• Usulelo lwe-muscle ye-heart okanye i-aortic valve

Tsalela umnikezeli womntwana wakho ukuba umntwana wakho:

• Akanawo nomdla wokutya
• Inesikhumba esimfamekileyo okanye esiluhlaza ngokungaqhelekanga
• Kubonakala ngathi ukudinwa ngokulula

IBAV isebenza kwiintsapho. Ukuba uyazi ngale meko kusapho lwakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Akukho ndlela yaziwayo yokuthintela imeko.

I-valve ye-aortic ye-Bicommissural; Isifo seValvular - i-bicuspid aortic valve; BAV

• Utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo - ukukhutshwa

• Ivalicic aortic ivelufa

I-Borger MA, iFedak PWM, uStephens EH, et al. Izikhokelo zemvumelwano ye-AATS malunga ne-bortuspid aortic ehlobene ne-aortopathy: i-intanethi epheleleyo kuphela. J Thorac Cardiovasc Uqhaqho. 2018; 156 (2): e41-74. ikhonkco: 10.1016 / j.jtcvs.2018.02.115. IINKCUKACHA: 30011777 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30011777/.

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I-Fraser CD, uCameron DE, uMcMillan KN, uVricella LA. Isifo sentliziyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezicubu. Ku: Ungerleider RM, Meliones JN, McMillian KN, Cooper DS, Jacobs JP, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo esibalulekileyo kwiintsana nasebantwaneni. Ngomhla wesi-3. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 53.

ILindman BR, iBonow RO, i-Otto CM. Isifo sevalve seAortic. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 68.