Ukutya okune-MSG

Umxholo

• Yintoni iMSG?
• 1. Ukutya okukhawulezayo
• 2. Iichips nokutya okutyiwa
• 3. Imixube yokunanisa
• Ukutya okubandayo
• 5. Iisuphu
• 6. Iinyama ezilungisiweyo
• 7. Iziqulatho
• 8. Iimveliso ze-noodle zangoko
• Ngaba iyingozi iMSG?
• Umgca wezantsi

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Amakhulu ezithako ayongezwa ekutyeni ngexesha lokulungisa ukuphucula incasa yemveliso yokugqibela.

I-Monosodium glutamate, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-MSG, sesinye sezongezo zokutya ezinempikiswano evunyiweyo ukuba isetyenziswe yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Ngelixa "ibonwa ngokubanzi njengekhuselekileyo" (i-GRAS) ukuba isetyenziswe ekunikezelweni kokutya ziiarhente ezilawulayo, olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba inokuyichaphazela kakubi impilo, yiyo loo nto abantu abaninzi bekhetha ukuyiphepha ().

Eli nqaku lichaza ukuba yintoni i-MSG, kukuphi ukutya okongezelwa kuko, kunye nokuba uthini uphando malunga nefuthe lezempilo.

Yintoni iMSG?

I-MSG sisixhobo esithandwayo sokunambitheka esivela kwi-L-glutamic acid, i-amino acid eyenzeka ngokwendalo eyimfuneko ekwenzeni iiproteni (2).

Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa njengesongezo sokutya, i-MSG ivela ngokwendalo kukutya okuthile, kubandakanya iitumato kunye neentshizi.

Yachongwa okokuqala njengevumba elincomekayo ngabaphandi baseJapan ngo-1908 kwaye sele isesona songezelelo sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yokutya (3).

Namhlanje, inokufumaneka kwinani leemveliso ezigqityiweyo, ukusuka kukutya okukhawulezileyo ukuya kwisuphu enkonkxiweyo.

I-MSG inyusa incasa yokutya ngokukhuthaza ii-receptors zokungcamla kwaye ibonakalisiwe kwizifundo zophando ukwandisa ukwamkelwa kweencasa ezithile. Ukongeza i-MSG kwiziphumo zokutya kwincasa ye-umami, ebonakala inencasa kunye nenyama ().

Esi songezelelo sidumileyo sithathwa njenge-GRAS yi-FDA, nangona ezinye iingcali zisithi zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuba yingozi, ngakumbi xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide ().

I-FDA iyalela ukuba i-MSG kufuneka ibhalwe ngegama eliqhelekileyo le-monosodium glutamate xa isetyenziswa njengesithako ekutyeni. Ukutya okune-MSG ngokwendalo, njengeemveliso zetumato, iiprotein ezizimeleyo, kunye noshizi, akufuneki kudweliswe i-MSG njengesithako (6).

Kwamanye amazwe, i-MSG ihlelwa njengezongezo zokutya kwaye inokudweliswa ngenombolo ye-E-E621 (7).

Nazi izinto ezisi-8 zokutya ezihlala ziqukethe i-MSG.

1. Ukutya okukhawulezayo

Omnye wemithombo eyaziwayo yeMSG kukutya okukhawulezayo, ngakumbi ukutya kwaseTshayina.

Ngapha koko, isifo sokutyela saseTshayina yimeko ebonakaliswa ziimpawu kubandakanya intloko ebuhlungu, urticaria, ukudumba komqala, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nentlungu esiswini efunyanwa ngabantu nje emva kokutya ukutya kwe-MSG okugcweleyo ().

Nangona iivenkile ezininzi zaseTshayina ziyeke ukusebenzisa i-MSG njengesithako, abanye bayaqhubeka nokuyongeza kwinani lezitya ezidumileyo, kubandakanya irayisi eqhotsiweyo.

I-MSG ikwasetyenziswa ngamafranchise afana neKentucky Fried Chicken kunye neChick-fil-A ukuphucula incasa yokutya.

Umzekelo, iChick-fil-A's Sandwich yenkukhu kunye neKentucky Fried Chicken's Extra Crispy Chicken Breast zezinye zezinto zemenyu eziqulathe iMSG (9, 10).

2. Iichips nokutya okutyiwa

Abavelisi abaninzi basebenzisa iMSG ukukhulisa incasa yetshipsi.

Iintandokazi zabathengi ezinje ngeDoritos kunye nePringles zezinye zeemveliso ze-chip eziqulathe i-MSG (11, 12).

Ngaphandle kokongezwa kwiitshipsi zeetapile, iitshipsi zombona, kunye nemixube yokutya okune-snack, i-MSG inokufumaneka kwinani lokutya okutyiwa, ngoko ke kungcono ukufunda ilebheli ukuba ufuna ukunqanda ukuchitha esi songezo.

3. Imixube yokunanisa

Imixube yokunonga isetyenziselwa ukunika ityuwa, incasa enencasa kwizitya ezinje ngestews, tacos, kunye nefry-fries.

I-MSG isetyenziswa kwimixube emininzi yokwenza isinongo ukomeleza incasa kunye nokunyusa incasa ye-umami ngexabiso eliphantsi ngaphandle kokongeza ityuwa ().

Ngapha koko, i-MSG isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto ezinesodiyamu ezisezantsi ukunyusa incasa ngaphandle kokongeza ityuwa. I-MSG inokufumaneka kwiimveliso ezininzi zokunambitheka kwesodiyamu, kubandakanya imixube yokunonga kunye neebouillon cubes (14).

Ukongeza, i-MSG yongezwa kwenye inyama, iinkuku, kunye ne-rubs yentlanzi kunye nesinongo ukuphucula ukuthandeka kokutya (15).

Ukutya okubandayo

Nangona ukutya okubandayo kungayindlela elula nexabiso eliphantsi yokubeka ukutya etafileni, zihlala zinezinto ezininzi ezingenampilo nezinokuba yingxaki, kubandakanya neMSG.

Iinkampani ezininzi ezenza isidlo sangokuhlwa esiqingqiweyo zongeza i-MSG kwiimveliso zazo ukuphucula incasa emnandi yesidlo ().

Ezinye iimveliso ezinqabileyo ezihlala ziqukethe i-MSG zibandakanya ii-pizza eziqingqiweyo, imac kunye netshizi, kunye nokutya kwasekuseni okubandayo.

5. Iisuphu

Iisobho ezisemathinini kunye nemixube yesuphu ihlala ine-MSG eyongeziweyo kubo ukomeleza incasa enencasa enqwenelwa ngabathengi.

Mhlawumbi eyona mveliso isuphu ithandwayo iqulathe esi songezo siphikisanayo yi-Campbell's chicken noodle soup (17).

Uninzi lweemveliso zesuphu, kubandakanya isuphu enkonkxiweyo, imixube yesuphu eyomileyo, kunye ne-bouillon seasonings, inokuba ne-MSG, isenza ukuba kubalulekile ukujonga iilebheli zemveliso nganye.

6. Iinyama ezilungisiweyo

Iinyama ezilungisiweyo ezinjengezinja ezishushu, inyama yasemini, inyama yenkomo, iisoseji, inyama ezitshayiweyo, ipepperoni, kunye neentonga zokutya inyama zinokuqulatha iMSG (18).

Ngaphandle kokuba isetyenziselwa ukuphucula incasa, i-MSG yongezwa kwimveliso yenyama efana nesoseji yokunciphisa umxholo we-sodium ngaphandle kokutshintsha incasa ().

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba ukufaka i-sodium endaweni ye-MSG kwi-patties yehagu kunyusa incasa enetyiwa kunye nokwamkeleka kwemveliso ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukungcamla ().

7. Iziqulatho

Ii-condiments ezinje ngokunxiba isaladi, imayonnaise, ketchup, isoso yesosi, kunye nesosi yesosi zihlala zine-MSG (18).

Ukongeza kwi-MSG, uninzi lwee-condiments zipakishwe ngezongezo ezingenampilo ezinje ngeeshukela ezongeziweyo, imibala yokufakelwa, kunye nezilondolozo, kungoko kungcono ukuthenga iimveliso ezenziwe ngezinto ezinomda, ezipheleleyo zokutya xa kunokwenzeka.

Ukuba ukhathazekile ngokusebenzisa iicondiments ezine-MSG, cinga ukuzenzela ngokwakho ukuze ube nolawulo olupheleleyo lwento oyityayo. Kubaqalayo, ungazama ezi zokupheka zokunxiba ezimnandi nezinempilo.

8. Iimveliso ze-noodle zangoko

Isiseko sabafundi beekholeji kwihlabathi liphela, ii-noodles ezikhawulezayo zibonelela ngesidlo esikhawulezayo, esigcwalisayo kwabo bakwabiwo-mali.

Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi abaninzi basebenzisa i-MSG ukonyusa incasa enencasa yeemveliso zokoqobo zoko nangoko. Ngapha koko, ii-noodle ezikhawulezileyo zenziwe ngezinto ezingenampilo kwaye zilayishwa ngetyuwa eyongeziweyo, iikhabhathi ezisulungekisiweyo, kunye nezilondolozo ezinokuyonakalisa impilo yakho.

Ukusetyenziswa kwangoko kwe-noodle kunxulunyaniswa nokwanda kwesifo sentliziyo, kubandakanya iswekile yegazi, i-cholesterol, i-triglyceride, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi ().

Ngaba iyingozi iMSG?

Ngelixa uphando lungekude ukugqitywa, ezinye izifundo zicebise ukuba ukusebenzisa i-MSG kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi zempilo.

Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-MSG kunxulunyaniswe nokutyeba kakhulu, ukonakala kwesibindi, ukuhla kweswekile yegazi, ukuphakama kwesifo sentliziyo, iingxaki zokuziphatha, ukonakala kwethambo, kunye nokwanda kokudumba kwizifundo zezilwanyana ().

Olunye uphando lomntu lubonise ukuba ukusebenzisa i-MSG kunokukhuthaza ukuzuza ubunzima kunye nokwandisa indlala, ukutya, kunye nomngcipheko wesifo se-metabolic syndrome, iqela leempawu eziphakamisa umngcipheko weemeko ezingapheliyo njengesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo seswekile.

Umzekelo, uphononongo kubantu abadala abangama-349 bafumanisa ukuba abo bathe basebenzisa ezona MSG banamathuba amaninzi okuba nesifo se-metabolic syndrome kunabo batya kancinane, kwaye ukuba i-1 gram nganye yokunyuka kwe-MSG ngosuku yonyuse kakhulu amathuba okutyeba kakhulu) .

Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezikhulu, eziyilwe kakuhle ziyafuneka ukuqinisekisa eli khonkco linokubakho ().

Kukho ubungqina bokuba i-MSG inyusa indlala kwaye ingakhokelela ekubeni utye ngakumbi ekutyeni. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangoku lubonisa ubudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwe-MSG kunye nokutya, kunye nolunye uphononongo lokufumanisa ukuba i-MSG inokunciphisa nokutya ().

Nangona uphando luxutywe kwindlela i-MSG inokuchaphazela ngayo impilo iyonke, kuyacaca ukuba ukusebenzisa idosi eziphezulu ze-3 gram okanye ngaphezulu kwe-MSG ngemini kunokwenzeka ukuba kukhokelele kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kubandakanya intloko kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi (24).

Ukujonga, kuqikelelwa ukuba umndilili wokusetyenziswa kwe-MSG e-United States nase-United Kingdom ujikeleze i-0.55 yeegram ngosuku, ngelixa i-MSG kumazwe ase-Asiya ijikeleze i-1.2-1.7 yeegram ngosuku ().

Nangona kunokwenzeka, ukusebenzisa iigrama ezi-3 ze-MSG okanye nangaphezulu ngemini akunakulindeleka xa usitya ubungakanani besabelo esiqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, abantu abathile abanobuntununtunu kwi-MSG banokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinjengeenyosi, ukudumba komqala, intloko kunye nokudinwa emva kokutya izixa ezincinci, kuxhomekeka kunyamezelo lomntu ngamnye.

Okwangoku, uphononongo lwezifundo ezingama-40 lufumanise ukuba, zizonke, izifundo ezinxibelelanise i-MSG neziphumo ezibi zempilo zikumgangatho ophantsi kwaye zinesiphene sendlela, kwaye ubungqina obomeleleyo beklinikhi ye-MSG hypersensitivity buyasilela, kugxininisa isidingo sophando lwexesha elizayo (24) .

Ngelixa ubungqina bokuba novakalelo lwe-MSG busilela, abantu abaninzi baxela ukuba ukusebenzisa esi songezo kukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba novakalelo kwi-MSG, kungcono ukunqanda iimveliso ezidweliswe kweli phepha kwaye uhlala ujonga iilebheli ze-MSG eyongeziweyo.

Ngapha koko, nangona ukhuseleko lwe-MSG kuxoxwa ngalo, kuyacaca ukuba ukutya okuhlala kune-MSG, njengeetshiphusi, ukutya okubandayo, ukutya okukhawulezayo, ii-noodles ezikhawulezileyo, kunye nenyama egqityiweyo, ayilunganga kwimpilo iyonke.

Ke ngoko, ukusika iimveliso ezinemithwalo ye-MSG kuya kuba yinzuzo kuwe ekuhambeni kwexesha-nokuba awukhathali kwi-MSG.

Olunye uphononongo luye lwadibanisa i-MSG neziphumo ezibi zempilo, kubandakanya ukutyeba kunye ne-metabolic syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olongezelelekileyo luyafuneka ukungqinisisa ezi ziphumo.

Umgca wezantsi

I-MSG sisongezo sokutya esinempikiswano esifumaneka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufakwa kwiichips, ukutya okubandayo, ukutya okukhawulezayo, ii-noodle ezikhawulezayo, kunye nokunye ukutya okucutshungulwayo ukuphucula ukunambitheka.

Nangona ezinye izifundo zinxibelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-MSG neziphumo ezibi zempilo, uphando olongezelelekileyo luyafuneka ukuze kuqondwe ngokupheleleyo iziphumo ezinokubangelwa kukusebenzisa i-MSG kwimpilo yexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide.

Ukuba uziva ukuba unomdla kwi-MSG, kungcono ukunqanda iimveliso ezinayo. Qiniseka ukuba uhlala ufunda iilebheli zokutya ukuze uqiniseke ukuba izinto zakho zisimahla kwi-MSG.