Ukuvaleka kwe-vein vein

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-Retina kukuvaleka kwemithambo encinci ethwala igazi lisuse kwiretina. Iretina ngumaleko weethishu ngasemva kweliso elingaphakathi eliguqula imifanekiso ekhanyayo ibe yimiqondiso ye-luvo kwaye iyithumele kwingqondo.

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-Retina kuhlala kubangelwa kukuqina kwemithambo (i-atherosclerosis) kunye nokwenziwa kwegazi.

Ukuvaleka kwemithanjana encinci (imithambo yesebe okanye i-BRVO) kwi-retina kuhlala kwenzeka kwiindawo apho imithambo ye-retina ethe yenziwa yaqina okanye yabanzima ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis iwela kwaye ibeke uxinzelelo kumthambo we-retina.

Imiba yomngcipheko wokuvalelwa kwe-vein vein kubandakanya:

• I-atherosclerosis
• Seswekile
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi)
• Ezinye iimeko zamehlo, njenge-glaucoma, i-macular edema, okanye i-vitreous hemorrhage

Umngcipheko wezi ngxaki unyuka ngokuguga, ke ngoko ukuvalwa kwethambo lomthambo kuhlala kuchaphazela abantu abadala.

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-retina kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki zamehlo, kubandakanya:

• I-glaucoma (uxinzelelo oluphezulu esweni), kubangelwa yimithambo yegazi emitsha engaqhelekanga ekhula ngaphambili kwiliso
• I-Macular edema, ebangelwa kukuvuza kolwelo kwi-retina

Iimpawu zibandakanya ukufiphala ngesiquphe okanye ukulahleka kombono kuyo yonke into okanye inxenye yeliso elinye.

Uvavanyo lokuvavanya ukuvaleka kwemithambo luquka:

• Uviwo lwe-retina emva kokunciphisa umfundi
• I-fluorescein angiography
• Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi
• Impendulo yomfundi
• Ukuvavanywa kwamehlo okutsala
• Ukufotwa kweRetinal
• Sika uviwo lwesibane
• Ukuvavanywa kombono osecaleni (uviwo lwentsimi ebonakalayo)
• Uvavanyo lwe-acuity ebonakalayo ukumisela oonobumba abancinci onokufunda kwitshathi

Olunye uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lweswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ingxaki yokujiya okanye yokuqina kwegazi (hyperviscosity) (kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40)

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kujonga ngononophelo nakuphi na ukuvalelwa kangangeenyanga ezininzi. Ingathatha iinyanga ezi-3 okanye nangaphezulu kwiziphumo eziyingozi njenge-glaucoma ukuba ikhule emva kokubanjwa.

Abantu abaninzi baya kuphinda babone kwakhona, ngaphandle kokufumana unyango. Nangona kunjalo, umbono kunqabile ukuba ubuyele esiqhelweni. Akukho ndlela yokubuyela umva okanye yokuvula ukucinywa.

Unokufuna unyango ukunqanda olunye uvalelo ekubeni lwenze ngokufanayo okanye kwelinye iliso.

• Kubalulekile ukulawula isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol.
• Abanye abantu banokufuna ukuthatha iiasprini okanye abanye abacoci gazi.

Unyango lweengxaki ze-retinal vein occlusion inokubandakanya:

• Unyango lwe-laser ekugxilwe kuyo, ukuba lukhona i-macular edema.
• Inaliti ye-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) iziyobisi kwiliso. La machiza anokuthintela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emitsha enokubangela iglaucoma. Olu nyango lusafundwa.
• Unyango lweLaser ukuthintela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emitsha engaqhelekanga ekhokelela kwiglaucoma.

Iziphumo ziyahluka. Abantu abane-retinal vein occlusion bahlala befumana umbono oluncedo.

Kubalulekile ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iimeko ezinjenge-macular edema kunye ne-glaucoma. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba nolunye lwezi ngxaki kunokwenzeka ukuba kukhokelele kwiziphumo ezibi.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Iglaucoma
• Ukuphulukana kombono ngokungaphelelanga okanye okupheleleyo kwiliso elichaphazelekayo

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba uye waphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza okanye waphulukana nombono.

Ukuvaleka kwe-vein vein luphawu lwesifo segazi ngokubanzi (semithambo). Amanyathelo asetyenziselwa ukukhusela ezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi anokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvaleka kwe-vein vein.

La manyathelo abandakanya:

• Ukutya ukutya okunamafutha asezantsi
• Ukwenza umthambo rhoqo
• Ukugcina ubunzima obulungileyo
• Akatshayi

I-Aspirin okanye elinye igazi elincinci linokunceda ukuthintela ukubhloka kwelinye iliso.

Ukulawula isifo seswekile kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yokubuyisa.

Ukuvaleka kwe-vein embindini; I-CRVO; Ukuvalwa kwe-vein vein; BRVO; Umbono wokulahleka - ukuvaleka kwe-vein vein; Umbono oMfiliba-ukuvaleka kwe-vein vein

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UDesai SJ, u-Chen X, u-Heier JS. Isifo esivelayo se-retina. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ii-eds. Ophthalmology. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahlulo 6.20.

I-Flaxel CJ, i-Adelman RA, iBaley ST, et al. I-vein vein occlusions ekhethiweyo yokuziqhelanisa nomsebenzi. Ophthalmology. Ngo-2020; 127 (2): P288-P320. IINKCUKACHA: 31757503 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31757503/.

Freund KB, Sarraf D, Mieler WF, Yanuzzi LA. Isifo se-vascular retinal. Ku: Freund KB, Sarraf D, Mieler WF, Yannuzzi LA, ii-eds. Iiatlasi zeRetinal. Ngomhla wesi-2. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 6.

UGuluma K, uLee JE. Ophthalmology. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 61.