Uvavanyo lwemfuzo ludlala njani kwindima kunyango lomhlaza webele?

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lwemfuzo?
• Iindidi zovavanyo lwemfuza lomhlaza webele we-metastatic
• Uvavanyo lwejini lwe-BRCA
• Uvavanyo lwe-HER2
• Ngaba ndifuna uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuba ndinomhlaza wamabele?
• Zenziwa njani ezi mvavanyo?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndibone umcebisi wemfuzo?
• Yise kude

Umhlaza webele we-Metastatic ngumhlaza osasazeke ngaphandle kwebele lakho kwamanye amalungu afana nomphunga, ingqondo, okanye isibindi. Ugqirha wakho unokubhekisa kulo mhlaza njengesiqendu 4, okanye kwinqanaba lomhlaza webele.

Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo liza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukufumanisa umhlaza wamabele wakho, ubone ukuba sele usasazeke kangakanani, kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwe-Genetic luyinxalenye yenkqubo yokufumanisa isifo. Ezi mvavanyo zinokuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba umhlaza wakho unxulumene nokutshintsha kwemfuza kwaye loluphi unyango olunokusebenza ngokukuko.

Asinguye wonke umntu ofuna uvavanyo lwemfuzo. Ugqirha wakho kunye nomcebisi ngemfuza baya kuncoma ezi mvavanyo ngokusekwe kubudala bakho kunye nomngcipheko.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwemfuzo?

Imfuza ngamacandelo e-DNA. Bahlala ngaphakathi kwinucleus yeseli nganye emzimbeni wakho. Imfuza ithwala imiyalelo yokwenza iiproteni ezilawula yonke imisebenzi yomzimba wakho.

Ukuba neenguqu ezithile zofuzo, ezibizwa ngokuba ziinguqulelo, zinokunyusa amathuba okuba ufumane umhlaza webele. Ukuvavanywa kwemfuza kujonga olu tshintsho kuhlobo lomntu ngamnye. Uvavanyo lwe-Gene luhlalutya ii-chromosomes-amacandelo amakhulu e-DNA-ukujonga utshintsho olunxulunyaniswa nomhlaza webele.

Iindidi zovavanyo lwemfuza lomhlaza webele we-metastatic

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuba kuvavanywe I-BRCA1, I-BRCA2, kunye HER2 Ukutshintsha kwemfuza. Ezinye iimvavanyo zemfuza ziyafumaneka, kodwa azisetyenziswa rhoqo.

Uvavanyo lwejini lwe-BRCA

I-BRCA1 kwaye I-BRCA2 Imfuza ivelisa uhlobo lweprotein eyaziwa ngokuba ziiprotein zokucinezela ithumba. Xa ezi zemfuza ziqhelekile, zilungisa i-DNA eyonakeleyo kwaye zinceda ukukhusela iiseli zomhlaza ekukhuleni.

Utshintsho kwi I-BRCA1 kwaye I-BRCA2 Imfuza ibangela ukukhula okungaphezulu kweseli kunye nokunyusa umngcipheko kuzo zombini zomhlaza webele kunye nee-ovari.

Uvavanyo lwejini lwe-BRCA lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afunde umngcipheko womhlaza webele. Ukuba sele unawo umhlaza wamabele, ukuvavanywa kolu tshintsho kunokunceda ugqirha wakho aqikelele ukuba unyango oluthile lomhlaza webele luya kukusebenzela.

Uvavanyo lwe-HER2

Iikhowudi ezikhulayo ze-epidermal factor receptor 2 (HER2) yeekhowudi zemveliso yeprotein receptor HER2. Le protein ikumphezulu weeseli zamabele. Xa iprotheni ye-HER2 ivuliwe, ixelela iiseli zebele ukuba zikhule kwaye zahlule.

Utshintsho kwi HER2 Uhlobo lubeka ii-receptors ezininzi ze-HER2 kwiiseli zebele. Oku kubangela ukuba iiseli zebele zikhule ngokungalawulekiyo kwaye zenze amathumba.

Umhlaza webele ovavanya ukuba une-HER2 ubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza webele we-HER2-positive. Zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba zisasazeke kune-HER2-negative cancer cancer.

Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa enye yezi mvavanyo zimbini ukujonga imeko yakho ye-HER2:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Immunohistochemistry (IHC) nokuba uneprotheyini eninzi ye-HER2 kwiiseli zomhlaza wakho. Uvavanyo lwe-IHC lunika umhlaza amanqaku e-0 ukuya ku-3 + ngokusekwe kubungakanani be-HER2 onayo kumhlaza wakho. Amanqaku e-0 ukuya ku-1 + yi-HER2-negative. Amanqaku e-2 + ngumda womda. Kwaye amanqaku e-3 + yi-HER2-positive.

• I-Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) ikhangela ezinye iikopi ze HER2 Uhlobo. Iziphumo zichazwe njenge-HER2-positive okanye i-HER2-negative.

Ngaba ndifuna uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuba ndinomhlaza wamabele?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba unomdlavuza webele we-metastatic, kunokuba luncedo ukufunda ukuba ngaba utshintsho olwenziwe kwilifa lakho lubangelwe ngumhlaza wakho. Uvavanyo lwemfuza lunokukunceda ukukhokela unyango lwakho. Ezinye iziyobisi zomhlaza zisebenza kuphela okanye zisebenza ngakumbi kumhlaza webele kunye notshintsho oluthile.

Umzekelo, i-PARP inhibitor iziyobisi olaparib (Lynparza) kunye ne talazoparib (Talzenna) kuphela zivunyelwe yi-FDA ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic obangelwa I-BRCA Ukutshintsha kwemfuza. Abantu abanolu tshintsho banokuthi baphendule ngcono kwi-chemotherapy drug carboplatin kune-docetaxel.

Imeko yakho yemfuza inokukunceda ekuchongeni ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando olufumanayo nokuba ukulungele na ukujoyina iimvavanyo ezithile zeklinikhi. Inokunceda abantwana bakho okanye ezinye izalamane ezisondeleyo zifunde ukuba zinokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza wamabele kwaye zifuna ukuhlolwa okongeziweyo.

Izikhokelo ezivela kwiNethiwekhi yeNational Comprehensive Cancer Network zincoma ukuvavanywa kofuzo kubantu abanomhlaza wamabele abathi:

• kwafunyaniswa ukuba baneminyaka engama-50 ubudala okanye ngaphambi koko
• Unomdlavuza wesibeleko kathathu oye wafumanisa ukuba uneminyaka engama-60 okanye ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-60
• unesihlobo esisondeleyo nesifuba, i-ovari, i-prostate, okanye umhlaza wepancreatic
• unomhlaza emabeleni omabini
• banemvelaphi yamaYuda aseMpuma Yurophu (eAshkenazi)

Nangona kunjalo, isikhokelo se-2019 esivela kwiAmerican Society of Breast Surgeons sicebisa ukuba bonke abantu abafunyaniswa benomhlaza wamabele mabanikwe uvavanyo lwemfuzo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kufuneka uvavanyiwe na.

Zenziwa njani ezi mvavanyo?

Ukwenzela i I-BRCA kuvavanyo lwemfuza, ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uyakuthatha isampulu yegazi lakho okanye usabha wamathe ngaphakathi kweso sidlele sakho. Igazi okanye isampulu yamathe iya emva koko iye kwilebhu, apho amagcisa avavanya kuyo I-BRCA Ukutshintsha kwemfuza.

Ugqirha wakho uyenza HER2 kuvavanyo lwemfuza kwiiseli zamabele ezisuswe ngexesha le-biopsy. Zintathu iindlela zokwenza i-biopsy:

• Ukucoca inaliti entle kususa iiseli kunye nolwelo ngenaliti ebhityileyo.
• I-biopsy yenaliti ephambili isusa isampulu encinci yeethambo zebele kunye nenaliti enkulu, engenamngxunya.
• Utyando lwe-biopsy lwenza ukusikwa okuncinci esifubeni ngexesha lotyando kwaye kususa isiqwenga sesicubu.

Wena nogqirha wakho niyakufumana ikopi yeziphumo, eziza ngohlobo lwengxelo yezifo.Le ngxelo ibandakanya ulwazi kuhlobo, ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nokubonakala kweeseli zomhlaza wakho, kunye nokuba zikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Iziphumo zinokukunceda ukukhokela unyango lwakho.

Ngaba kufuneka ndibone umcebisi wemfuzo?

Umcebisi wezofuzo yingcali kuvavanyo lwemvelo. Banokukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba ufuna iimvavanyo zofuzo kunye nezibonelelo kunye nomngcipheko wovavanyo.

Nje ukuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo zingene, umcebisi wezofuzo unokukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba zithetha ukuthini, kwaye ngawaphi amanyathelo oza kuwathatha ngokulandelayo. Banokukunceda ukwazisa izihlobo zakho ezisondeleyo malunga nomngcipheko womhlaza.

Yise kude

Ukuba ufumene ukuba unesifo somhlaza webele, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuvavanywa kofuzo. Kunokukunceda ukuthetha nomcebisi ngemfuza ukuze uqonde ukuba zithini na iimvavanyo zakho.

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwemfuza zinokunceda ugqirha wakho akufumane unyango olulungileyo. Iziphumo zakho zinokwazisa amanye amalungu osapho lwakho malunga nomngcipheko kunye nemfuno yokuvavanywa komhlaza wamabele.