Ukuvavanywa kwezempilo kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39

Kuya kufuneka utyelele umboneleli wakho wezempilo amaxesha ngamaxesha, nokuba usempilweni. Injongo yolu tyelelo kukuba:

• Iscreen semicimbi yezonyango
• Vavanya umngcipheko weengxaki zonyango ezizayo
• Khuthaza indlela yokuphila esempilweni
• Hlaziya ugonyo
• Ndinceda ukuba wazi umboneleli wakho xa unokugula

Nokuba uziva ulungile, kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho ngokujonga rhoqo. Olu tyelelo lunokukunceda uphephe iingxaki kwixa elizayo. Umzekelo, ekuphela kwendlela yokufumanisa ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kukuba uhlolwe rhoqo. Iswekile yegazi ephezulu kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol nayo isenokungabi nazimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala. Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula lunokuzijonga ezi meko.

Kukho amaxesha athile apho kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho. Apha ngezantsi kukho izikhokelo zovavanyo lwabasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39.

UKUJONGWA KWEGAZI

• Vavanya uxinzelelo lwegazi ubuncinci kube kanye kwiminyaka emibini. Ukuba inani eliphezulu (inani le-systolic) lisuka kwi-120 ukuya kwi-139, okanye inani elisezantsi (inombolo ye-diastolic) lisukela kuma-80 ukuya kuma-89 mm Hg, kuya kufuneka ulikhangele minyaka le.
• Ukuba inani eliphezulu li-130 okanye ngaphezulu okanye inani elisezantsi liyi-80 okanye ngaphezulu, hlela ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuze ufunde ukuba ungalinciphisa njani uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, iingxaki zezintso, okanye ezinye iimeko, unokufuna ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlolwe rhoqo, kodwa kube kanye ngonyaka.
• Bukela ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwegazi kwindawo yakho.Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba unokuma ngaphakathi ukuze uhlolwe uxinzelelo lwegazi.

UKUQHUTYWA KWE-CHOLESTEROL

• Kunconywe ukuqala kweminyaka yokuvavanywa kwecholesterol yiminyaka engama-45 kwabasetyhini abangenazo izinto ezinobungozi besifo sentliziyo kunye neminyaka engama-20 kwabasetyhini abanemingcipheko eyaziwayo yesifo sentliziyo.
• Abasetyhini abanamanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-cholesterol akufuneki baphinde bavavanywe kangangeminyaka emi-5.
• Phinda uvavanyo kwangoko kunokuba kufuneka ukuba utshintsho lwenzeka kwindlela yokuphila (kubandakanya ukuzuza ubunzima kunye nokutya).
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, iingxaki zezintso, okanye ezinye iimeko, unokufuna ukubekwa esweni ngakumbi.

UKUHLAZIYWA KWESIKHULA

• Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyi-130/80 mm Hg okanye ngaphezulu, umboneleli wakho unokuvavanya inqanaba leswekile yegazi kwisifo seswekile.
• Ukuba unesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) esingaphezulu kwama-25 kwaye unezinye izinto ezinobungozi besifo seswekile, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe. Ukuba ne-BMI ngaphezulu kwama-25 kuthetha ukuba utyebe kakhulu. Abantu baseAsia baseMelika kufuneka bahlolwe ukuba i-BMI yabo ingaphezulu kwe-23.
• Ukuba uneminye imingcipheko yesifo seswekile, enje ngesidanga sokuqala esihambelana nesifo seswekile okanye imbali yesifo sentliziyo, umboneleli wakho uya kukujonga kwisifo seswekile.
• Ukuba utyebile kwaye uneminye imingcipheko efana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwaye uceba ukukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa kuyacetyiswa
  

Uviwo lwamazinyo

• Yiya kugqirha wamazinyo kube kanye okanye kabini ngonyaka uvavanyo kunye nokucoca. Ugqirha wakho wamazinyo uza kuvavanya ukuba ufuna ukutyelelwa rhoqo.

UVIWO LWEEMEHLO

• Ukuba unengxaki yokubona, yenza uvavanyo lwamehlo rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye nangaphezulu ukuba ucetyiswa ngumboneleli wakho.
• Yenza uvavanyo lwamehlo ubuncinci minyaka le ukuba unesifo seswekile.

UGONYO

• Kufuneka ufumane umkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka.
• Kwiminyaka okanye emva kweminyaka engama-19, kufuneka ube nogonyo lwe-tetanus-diphtheria kunye ne-acellular pertussis (Tdap) njengesinye sezitofu zakho ze-tetanus-diphtheria ukuba awuzange ulufumane njengomntu ofikisayo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube ne-tetanus-diphtheria booster rhoqo kwiminyaka eli-10.
• Kuya kufuneka ufumane iidosi ezimbini zokugonya i-varicella vaccine ukuba awuzange ube nayo irhashalala okanye iyeza lokugonya i-varicella.
• Kuya kufuneka ufumane idosi enye okanye ezimbini zokugonya imasisi, uqwilikana, kunye nerubella (MMR) ukuba awukakhuseleki kwi-MMR. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba ukhuselekile.
  
• Umboneleli wakho unokuncoma olunye ugonyo ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu weemeko ezithile, ezinje nge-pneumonia.

Buza umboneleli wakho malunga nogonyo lwepapilloma virus (HPV) ukuba uneminyaka eli-19 ukuya kwengama-26 kwaye une:

• Awulwamkelanga ugonyo lwe-HPV ngaphambili
• Awugqitywanga uthotho olupheleleyo lokugonya (kuya kufuneka ubambe kule foto)

UKUHLAWULWA KWEZIFO EZIYINGCACISO

• Abasetyhini abasebenza ngokwesondo kufuneka bahlolwe i-chlamydia kunye ne-gonorrhea kude kube yiminyaka engama-25. Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-25 nangaphezulu kufuneka bahlolwe ukuba basemngciphekweni omkhulu.
  
• Bonke abantu abadala abaneminyaka eyi-18 ukuya ku-79 kufuneka bafumane uvavanyo lwexesha elinye kwi-hepatitis C.
  
• Kuxhomekeke kubomi bakho kunye nembali yonyango, kusenokufuneka uhlolwe usulelo olufana negcushuwa kunye ne-HIV, kunye nezinye izifo.
  

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka luhlolwe ubuncinci qho kwiminyaka emi-1 ukuya kwemi-2.
• Ukuvavanywa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kufuneka kuqala kubudala be-21.
• Ukuphakama kwakho, ubunzima, kunye ne-BMI kufuneka kutshekishwe kuvavanyo ngalunye.

Ngexesha loviwo lwakho, umboneleli wakho unokukubuza malunga:

• Uxinzelelo
• Ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga
• Utywala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwecuba
• Imiba yezokhuseleko, njengokusebenzisa iibhanti zokuhlala kunye nezinto zokujonga umsi

UKUHLAWULWA KOMGAQO WAMABELE

• Abasetyhini banokwenza uvavanyo lwenyanga lokuzihlola. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali azivumelani malunga neenzuzo zokuzihlola ngokwakho amabele ekufumaneni umhlaza wamabele okanye ukusindisa ubomi. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga noko kukulungele.
• Uvavanyo lwe-mammogram alukhuthazwanga kuninzi lwabasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40.
• Ukuba unomama okanye udade owayenomdlavuza webele esemncinci, qwa lasela iimammograms zonyaka. Kuya kufuneka baqale kwangoko kuneminyaka apho kwafunyanwa elona lungu lincinci losapho.
• Ukuba uneminye imingcipheko yomhlaza webele, umboneleli wakho unokucebisa i-mammogram, i-ultrasound yebele, okanye i-MRI scan.
• Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho kwangoko ukuba ubona utshintsho emabeleni akho, nokuba uyazenza iimviwo zokuzihlola.
• Ukuba uneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39, umboneleli wakho angenza uvavanyo lwebele lweklinikhi.

UKUJONGWA KWOMHLAWULELO WOMGAQO-NKQUBO

Ukuvavanywa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kufuneka kuqale kwiminyaka engama-21 emva kovavanyo lokuqala:

• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-21 ukuya kuma-29 kufuneka babe novavanyo lwePap rhoqo kwiminyaka emithathu. Ukuvavanywa kwe-HPV akukhuthazwa kweli qela leminyaka.
  
• Abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kuma-65 kufuneka bahlolwe kuvavanyo lwePap qho kwiminyaka emithathu okanye uvavanyo lwe-HPV rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5.
  
• Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho owabelana nalo ngesondo unamanye amaqabane amatsha, kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo kwiminyaka emithathu.
  
• Abasetyhini abanyangwe i-precancer (i-cervical dysplasia) kufuneka baqhubeke nokufumana iimvavanyo zePap kangangeminyaka engama-20 emva konyango okanye kude kube yiminyaka engama-65, nokuba yeyiphi na ixesha elide.
  
• Ukuba ususwe isibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko (i-hysterectomy iyonke) kwaye khange ufunyaniswe unomdlavuza womlomo wesibeleko kusenokungafuneki ukuba ube nePap smears.

UKUZIHLOLA

• Umboneleli wakho unokujonga ulusu lwakho iimpawu zomhlaza wolusu, ngakumbi ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu.
• Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu babandakanya abo babekhe banomhlaza wolusu ngaphambili, banezihlobo ezisondeleyo ezinomhlaza wolusu, okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

OLUNYE UKUHLOLA

• Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuvavanywa komhlaza wekolon ukuba unembali yosapho eyomeleleyo yomhlaza wekolon okanye iipolyps, okanye ukuba unesifo samathumbu esivuthayo okanye iipolyps ngokwakho.
• Ukuhlolwa koxinano lwethambo kwabafazi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 akukhuthazwa.

Ukutyelela ulondolozo lwempilo-abasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39; Uvavanyo lomzimba- abasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39; Uvavanyo lonyaka-abasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39; Ukuhlolwa - abasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39; Impilo yabasetyhini - abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39 ubudala; Unonophelo lothintelo- abasetyhini abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kwengama-39 ubudala

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