Ukopha okanye ukuphuma kwesibeleko

Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi kuqhele ukwenzeka ngexesha lokuya exesheni komfazi, xa esiba sexesheni. Ixesha ngalinye labasetyhini lihlukile.

• Uninzi lwabasetyhini lunemijikelezo phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-24 nama-34 ngokwahlukeneyo. Ihlala ihlala iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7 kwiimeko ezininzi.
• Amantombazana amancinci anokufumana ixesha lawo ukusuka kwi-21 ukuya kwi-45 yeentsuku okanye nangaphezulu ngokwahlukana.
• Abasetyhini kwi-40 yabo bahlala beqaphela ukuba ixesha labo livela ngokufuthi.

Abasetyhini abaninzi banegazi elingaqhelekanga phakathi kwamaxesha abo ebomini babo. Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwenzeka xa une:

• Ukopha ngamandla kunesiqhelo
• Ukopha ngaphezu kweentsuku (menorrhagia)
• Ukubala okanye ukopha phakathi kwexesha
• Ukopha emva kwesondo
• Ukopha emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni
• Ukopha ngelixa ukhulelwe
• Ukopha ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-9
• Imijikelezo yokuya exesheni ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-35 okanye mfutshane kuneentsuku ezingama-21
• Akukho xesha kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 (amenorrhea)

Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi.

IIHORMONI

Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kuhlala kunxulunyaniswa nokusilela kwe-ovulation rhoqo (anovulation). Oogqirha bayabiza ingxaki ngokuopha okungafunekiyo kwesibeleko (AUB) okanye ukopha kwesibeleko. I-AUB ixhaphake kakhulu kulutsha nakwabasetyhini abasondela kwixesha lokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

Abasetyhini abathatha izinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo banokufumana iziqendu zokuphuma kwegazi ngokungaqhelekanga. Rhoqo oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukuqhekeka kwegazi." Le ngxaki ihlala ihamba yodwa. Nangona kunjalo, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuphuma kwegazi.

UKUKHULELWA

Iingxaki zokukhulelwa ezinje:

• Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic
• Ukuphuma kwesisu
• Isongelo sokuphuma kwesisu
  

INGXAKI NGEZINTO ZOKUZALA

Iingxaki ngamalungu okuzala anokubandakanya:

• Usulelo kwisibeleko (isifo se-pelvic inflammatory)
• Ukulimala kwakutshanje okanye utyando kwisibeleko
• Ukukhula okungafakwanga komhlaza esibelekweni, kubandakanya i-uterine fibroids, isibeleko okanye iipolyps zomlomo wesibeleko, kunye ne-adenomyosis
• Ukudumba okanye usulelo lomlomo wesibeleko (cervicitis)
• Ukwenzakala okanye isifo sokuvulwa kwelungu lobufazi (kubangelwa kukulalana, usuleleko, ipolyp, iintsumpa zangasese, isilonda, okanye imithambo varicose)
• I-endometrial hyperplasia (ukuqina okanye ukwakha ulwelwesi lwesibeleko)

IIMEKO ZONYANGO

Iingxaki ngeemeko zonyango zinokubandakanya:

• Isifo sePolycystic ovary
• Umhlaza okanye isinqanda mathe somlomo wesibeleko, isibeleko, isizalo, okanye ityhubhu
• Iingxaki ze-thyroid okanye i-pituitary
• Seswekile
• I-Cirrhosis yesibindi
• ILupus erythematosus
• Iingxaki zokopha

EZINYE IZizathu

Ezinye izizathu zinokubandakanya:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo se-intrauterine (IUD) kulawulo lokuzalwa (kunokubangela ukubonwa)
• Umlomo wesibeleko okanye i-endometrial biopsy okanye ezinye iinkqubo
• Utshintsho kwimithambo
• Ukutshintsha kokutya
• Ukulahleka kwesisindo okanye inzuzo
• Uxinzelelo
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile anjengegazi elincinci (i-warfarin okanye i-Coumadin)
• Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo
• Into kwilungu lobufazi

Iimpawu zokuphuma gazi ngokungaqhelekanga kubandakanya:

• Ukopha okanye ukubona phakathi kwamaxesha
• Ukopha emva kwesondo
• Ukopha kakhulu (ukudlula amahlwili amakhulu, kufuna ukutshintsha ukhuselo ebusuku, ukuntywila ngephedi yococeko okanye itampon ngeyure nganye iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zilandelelana)
• Ukopha ngaphezulu kweentsuku kunesiqhelo okanye ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezisi-7
• Umjikelo wokuya esikhathini ungaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-28 (eziqhelekileyo) okanye ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-35 ngokwahlukana
• Ukopha emva kokuba ugqithile exesheni
• Ukopha ngamandla okunxulunyaniswa neanemia (ukubala kwegazi okuphantsi, isinyithi esisezantsi)
  

Ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-rectum okanye igazi kumchamo kunokuphosakela ukuphuma kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi. Ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo, faka itampu kwilungu lobufazi kwaye ujonge ukopha.

Gcina irekhodi leempawu zakho kwaye uzise la manqaku kugqirha wakho. Ingxelo yakho kufuneka ibandakanye:

• Xa ukuya esikhathini kuqala kwaye kuyaphela
• Unobungakanani bokuhamba kwakho (bala amanani eepads kunye neetoni ezisetyenzisiweyo, uqaphele ukuba zifakiwe)
• Ukopha phakathi kwamaxesha nasemva kokwabelana ngesondo
• Naziphi na ezinye iimpawu onazo

Umboneleli wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, kubandakanya uvavanyo lwe-pelvic. Umboneleli wakho uya kubuza imibuzo malunga nembali yakho yonyango kunye neempawu.

Unokuba novavanyo oluthile, kubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwePap / HPV
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo
• Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Ukubalwa kwentsimbi
• Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa

Ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho, olunye uvavanyo lunokufuneka. Ezinye zinokwenziwa kwiofisi yomboneleli wakho. Ezinye zinokwenziwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lotyando:

• I-Sonohysterography: I-Fluid ibekwa esibelekweni ngombhobho omncinci, ngelixa imifanekiso ye-ultrasound yelungu lobufazi yenziwe kwisibeleko.
• I-Ultrasound: Amaza esandi asetyenziselwa ukwenza umfanekiso wezitho zangasese. I-ultrasound inokwenziwa ngesisu okanye kwilungu lobufazi.
• Imagnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Kolu vavanyo lokucinga, kusetyenziswa iimagnethi ezinamandla ukwenza imifanekiso yamalungu angaphakathi.
• IHysteroscopy: Isixhobo esifana neseteleskopu esincinci sifakwa kwilungu lobufazi kunye nokuvulwa komlomo wesibeleko. Ivumela umboneleli ukuba abone ngaphakathi kwesibeleko.
• I-endometrial biopsy: Usebenzisa i-catheter encinci okanye encinci (ityhubhu), izicwili zithathwa kuludwe lwesibeleko (endometrium). Ijongwa phantsi kwemicroscope.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu esithile sokopha kwilungu lobufazi, kubandakanya:

• Utshintsho lwehomoni
• Endometriosis
• Zesibeleko fibroids
• Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic
• Isifo sePolycystic ovary

Unyango lunokubandakanya amayeza e-hormonal, ukunciphisa iintlungu, kunye nokuhlinzwa.

Uhlobo lwehomoni olithathayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ufuna ukukhulelwa kunye nobudala bakho.

• Iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa zinokunceda ukwenza amaxesha akho rhoqo.
• IiHormone nazo zinokunikezelwa ngenaliti, isikhumba sesikhumba, ikhrimu yelungu lobufazi, okanye nge-IUD ekhupha iihomoni.
• IUD sisixhobo solawulo lokuzalwa esifakwa esibelekweni. Iihormones ezikwi-IUD zikhutshwa kancinci kwaye zinokulawula ukopha okungaqhelekanga.

Amanye amayeza anikwe i-AUB angabandakanya:

• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (ibuprofen okanye naproxen) ukunceda ukulawula ukuphuma kwegazi kunye nokunciphisa i-cramps.
• I-Tranexamic acid ukunceda ukunyanga ukuphuma kwegazi okunzima
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga usulelo

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Ufake iphedi okanye itampon ngeyure nganye ukuya kwiiyure ezi-3.
• Ukopha kwakho kuhlala ngaphezu kweveki enye.
• Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi kwaye ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa.
• Unentlungu ebuhlungu, ngakumbi ukuba unentlungu xa ungayi exesheni.
• Amaxesha akho anzima okanye othathe ixesha elide kwimijikelezo emithathu okanye nangaphezulu, xa kuthelekiswa nokuqhelekileyo kuwe.
• Ukopha okanye ukubona emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni.
• Ukopha okanye ukubona phakathi kwamaxesha okanye okubangelwa kukulalana.
• Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kubuya.
• Ukopha kuyanda okanye kuba nzima ngokwaneleyo ukubangela ubuthathaka okanye ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo.
• Unomkhuhlane okanye iintlungu emazantsi esisu
• Iimpawu zakho ziba nzima okanye zihlala ziqhelekileyo.

I-Aspirin inokunyusa ukopha kwaye kufuneka ithintelwe ukuba uneengxaki zokopha. I-Ibuprofen ihlala isebenza ngcono kune-aspirin yokuphelisa iintlungu zokuya exesheni. Ikwanokunciphisa inani legazi olilahlekileyo ngexesha.

Ukuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga; Ixesha elinzima, elide, okanye elingaqhelekanga; IMenorrhagia; Polymenorrhea; IMetrorrhagia kunye nezinye iimeko zokuya exesheni; Amaxesha okungaqhelekanga okuya exesheni; Ukopha ngokungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi

I-ACOG yokuziqhelanisa neBhulethinombolo ye-110: ukusetyenziswa ngokungakhulelwa kukhuseleko lwezinto zokucwangcisa zehomoni. IGynecol ebambekayo. 2010; 115 (1): 206-218. IINKCUKACHA: 20027071 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20027071.

Ikholeji yaseMelika yoNyango kunye neeGynecologists. Uluvo lweKomiti ye-ACOG Hayi 557: Ulawulo lokuphuma gwenxa kwesibeleko ngokuqaqamba kwabafazi abakhulelweyo abaneminyaka yokuzala. IGynecol ebambekayo. Ngo-2013; 121 (4): 891-896. IINKCUKACHA: 23635706 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23635706.

IBulun SE. I-physiology kunye ne-pathology ye-axis yokuzala yabasetyhini. Ku: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 17.

I-Ryntz T, iLobo RA. Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwesibeleko: i-etiology kunye nolawulo lokopha okungapheliyo kunye nokugula okungapheliyo. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 26.

Umthengisi iRH, iiSymons AB. Izitenxo zokuya exesheni. Ku: Umthengisi iRH, iiSymons AB, ii-eds. Umahluko wokuchonga izikhalazo eziqhelekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 20.