Utyando lwe-thyroid olungapheliyo

Idlala lengqula liqhele ukubekwa ngaphambili entanyeni.I-thyroid engapheliyo ibhekisela kwindawo engaqhelekanga kuyo yonke into okanye inxalenye ye-thyroid engaphantsi kwesifuba (sternum).

I-goiter engaphandle ihlala iqwalaselwa ebantwini abanobunzima obunamathele entanyeni. I-goiter engapheliyo ihlala ibangela ukuba kungabikho zimpawu zeminyaka. Ihlala ifunyanwa xa i-x-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan yenziwa ngesinye isizathu. Naziphi na iimpawu zihlala zibangelwa luxinzelelo kwizakhiwo ezikufuphi, ezinje ngombhobho womoya (itrachea) kunye netyhubhu yokuginya (umqala).

Utyando lokususa i-goiter kunokucetyiswa, nokuba awunampawu.

Ngexesha lotyando:

• Ufumana ianesthesia ngokubanzi. Oku kukwenza ulale kwaye ungakwazi ukuva iintlungu.
• Ulala ngomqolo nentamo yakho yandiswa kancinci.
• Ugqirha wenza ukusika (ukusika) ngaphambili kwentamo yakho esezantsi ngaphezulu kwamathambo ekhola ukumisela ukuba ubunzima bunokususwa ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Uninzi lwexesha, utyando lunokwenziwa ngale ndlela.
• Ukuba ubunzima bunzulu ngaphakathi kwesifuba, ugqirha wotyando wenza ukusikwa phakathi kwethambo lesifuba sakho. Yonke i-goiter iyasuswa.
• Umbhobho ungashiywa endaweni ukukhupha ulwelo kunye negazi. Ihlala isuswa kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.
• Imisetyenzana ivaliwe ngemithungo (sutures).

Olu tyando lwenziwa ukususa ngokupheleleyo ubunzima. Ukuba ayisuswanga, inokubeka uxinzelelo kwi-trachea yakho kunye nomqala.

Ukuba i-goiter engapheliyo ibikho ixesha elide, unokuba nobunzima ekuginyeni ukutya, iintlungu ezincinci kwindawo yentamo, okanye ukuphefumla kancinci.

Umngcipheko we-anesthesia kunye notyando ngokubanzi zezi:

• Ukuphendula kumayeza, iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Ukopha, amahlwili egazi, usulelo

Imingcipheko yokuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwe-thyroid yile:

• Ukulimala kwamadlala e-parathyroid (iincindi ezincinci kufutshane nedlala lengqula) okanye kunikezelo lwegazi, okukhokelela kwi-calcium esezantsi
• Umonakalo kwitrachea
• Ukugqitywa komqala
• Ukulimala kwentambo yelizwi

Ngexesha leeveki ngaphambi kotyando:

• Kuya kufuneka ube neemvavanyo ezibonisa kanye apho ikhoyo idlala lengqula. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha afumane idlala lengqula ngexesha lotyando. Unokuba novavanyo lwe-CT, olwe-ultrasound, okanye olunye uvavanyo lokucinga.
• Unokufuna amayeza e-thyroid okanye unyango lwe-iodine kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngaphambi kotyando.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, nkqu nalawo athengwe ngaphandle kommiselo. Oku kubandakanya imifuno kunye nezongezelelo.

Iintsuku ezininzi ukuya kwiveki ngaphambi kotyando:

• Unokucelwa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana amayeza okucoca igazi. Oku kubandakanya i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve), clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), phakathi kwezinye.
• Gcwalisa nayiphi na imigqaliselo yamayeza eentlungu kunye necalcium oyakuyifuna emva kotyando.
• Xelela umboneleli wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, nkqu nalawo athengwe ngaphandle kommiselo. Oku kubandakanya imifuno kunye nezongezelelo. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ngawaphi amayeza ekufuneka uwathathe ngosuku lotyando.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka. Cela uncedo kumboneleli wakho.

Ngomhla wotyando:

• Landela imiyalelo malunga nokuba uyeke nini ukutya nokusela.
• Thatha nawaphi na amayeza umboneleli wakho akuxelele ukuba uwathabathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Qiniseka ukuba ufika esibhedlele ngexesha.

Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke emva kotyando ukuze ujonge nakuphi na ukuphuma kwegazi, utshintsho kwinqanaba lecalcium, okanye iingxaki zokuphefumla.

Unokuya ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo ukuba utyando lwenziwe entanyeni. Ukuba isifuba savulwa, unokuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezininzi.

Uya kuba nakho ukuphakama uhambe ngosuku okanye emini emva kotyando. Kufuneka kuthathe malunga neeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 ukuze uphinde uchache.

Unokuba nentlungu emva kotyando. Buza umboneleli wakho ngemiyalelo yendlela yokuthatha amayeza eentlungu emva kokuba ugodukile.

Landela nayiphi na imiyalelo yokuzikhathalela emva kokuba ugodukile.

Iziphumo zolu tyando zihlala zibalasele. Uninzi lwabantu kufuneka luthathe iipilisi zehomoni yedlala lengqula (ukutshintshwa kwencindi yedlala lengqula) ubomi babo bonke xa kususwe idlala.

Substernalthyroid - utyando; I-goiter yangaphakathi - utyando

• Idlala lengqula

UKaplan EL, uAngelos P, uJames BC, uNagar S, uGranogan RH. Utyando lwe-thyroid. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 96.

USmith PW, uHanks LR, uSalomone LJ, uHanks JB. Idlala lengqula. Ku: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 36.