I-anemia ebangelwa yintsimbi ephantsi- iintsana kunye nabantwana abasabhadazayo

I-anemia yingxaki apho umzimba ungenayo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zizisa ioksijini kwizicubu zomzimba.

Intsimbi iyanceda ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ke ukungabikho kwentsimbi emzimbeni kunokukhokelela kwi-anemia. Igama lonyango lale ngxaki kukuswela i-anemia.

I-anemia ebangelwa linqanaba eliphantsi le-iron yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ye-anemia. Umzimba ufumana isinyithi ngokutya okuthile. Iphinda isebenzise isinyithi kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala.

Ukutya okungenayo i-iron eyaneleyo ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo. Ngexesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka isinyithi ngakumbi.

Iintsana zizalwa ngentsimbi egcinwe emizimbeni yazo. Ngenxa yokuba bekhula ngokukhawuleza, abantwana neentsana kufuneka bathathe i-iron eninzi yonke imihla. Ukunqongophala kwe-iron anemia kuhlala kuchaphazela abantwana kwiinyanga ezili-9 ukuya kwezingama-24 ubudala.

Iintsana ezincancisayo zifuna i-iron encinci ngenxa yokuba i-iron ifunxwa ngcono xa ikubisi lwebele. Ifomula yentsimbi yongezwa (i-iron fortified) ikwabonelela nge-iron eyaneleyo.

Iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ezisela ubisi lweenkomo endaweni yobisi lwebele okanye ifomula eqiniswe ngentsimbi kunokwenzeka ukuba zibe neanemia. Ubisi lweenkomo lukhokelela kwi-anemia kuba:

• Inentsimbi encinci
• Unobangela wokulahleka okuncinci kwegazi emathunjini
• Kwenza kube nzima ukuba umzimba uthathe i-iron

Abantwana abangaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-12 abasela ubisi lweenkomo oluninzi banokuba nayo i-anemia ukuba abatyi ngokwaneleyo ukutya okusempilweni okunentsimbi.

I-anemia emnene ayinakuba nazimpawu. Njengoko inqanaba lesinyithi kunye nokubala kwegazi kuyehla, usana lwakho okanye umntwana omncinci unoku:

• Mthetho caphuka msinya
• Yiba nokuphefumla okufutshane
• Rhalela ukutya okungaqhelekanga (okubizwa ngokuba yipica)
• Yitya ukutya okuncinci
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe okanye ndibuthathaka ngalo lonke ixesha
• Unolwimi olubuhlungu
• Yiba neentloko okanye utywala

Nge-anemia enzima kakhulu, umntwana wakho unokufumana:

• I-Blue-tinged okanye imibala emhlophe yamehlo
• Iinzipho Brittle
• Umbala wolusu oluthuthu

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Zonke iintsana kufuneka ziye kuvavanyo lwegazi ukukhangela i-anemia. Uvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa inqanaba lensimbi emzimbeni lubandakanya:

• IHematocrit
• Iserum ferritin
• Isinyithi seSerum
• Itotali yokubopha amandla esinyithi (TIBC)

Umlinganiso obizwa ngokuba yi-iron saturation (serum iron / TIBC) uhlala unokubonisa ukuba ingaba umntwana unentsimbi eyaneleyo na emzimbeni.

Kuba abantwana bathatha kuphela isixa esincinci sentsimbi abayityayo, uninzi lwabantwana kufuneka lube ne-8 ukuya kwi-10 mg yentsimbi ngosuku.

UKUDLA NENTSIMBI

Ngexesha lonyaka wokuqala wobomi:

• Musa ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwenkomo de kube li-1 unyaka. Iintsana ezingaphantsi kobudala bonyaka omnye zinobunzima ekucoleni ubisi lweenkomo. Sebenzisa ubisi lwebele okanye ifomula eqiniswe ngentsimbi.
• Emva kweenyanga ezi-6, umntwana wakho uza kuqala ukufuna i-iron engaphezulu ekutyeni kwakhe. Qalisa ukutya okuqinileyo ngesiriyali yomntwana eneentsimbi exutywe nobisi lwebele okanye ubisi olungumgubo.
• Izityebi ezityebileyo zenyama, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno nayo inokuqalwa.

Emva kweminyaka eyi-1, unokunika umntwana wakho ubisi olupheleleyo endaweni yobisi lwebele okanye ifomula.

Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuthintela nokunyanga ukusilela kwentsimbi. Imithombo elungileyo yentsimbi ibandakanya:

• Iibhilikosi
• Inkukhu, iturkey, intlanzi, kunye nezinye inyama
• Iimbotyi ezomileyo, iilentile, kunye neembotyi zesoya
• Amaqanda
• Isibindi
• Imibala
• Oatmeal
• Ipeanut butter
• Prune ijusi
• IiRisins kunye neeprune
• Isipinatshi, i-kale kunye neminye imifuno

INKXASO YENTSIMBI

Ukuba ukutya okunempilo akuthinteli okanye ukunyanga amanqanaba asezantsi omntwana wakho kunye ne-anemia, umboneleli uya kuncoma izongezo zentsimbi kumntwana wakho. Ezi zithathwa ngomlomo.

Musa ukunika umntwana wakho izongezo zentsimbi okanye iivithamini ngentsimbi ngaphandle kokujonga kumboneleli womntwana wakho. Umboneleli uya kumisela uhlobo olululo lokongezwa komntwana wakho. Ukuba umntwana wakho uthatha i-iron eninzi kakhulu kunokubangela ityhefu.

Ngonyango, isiphumo sinokulunga. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubalo lwegazi luya kubuyela esiqhelweni kwiinyanga ezi-2. Kubalulekile ukuba umboneleli afumane unobangela wentswelo yentsimbi yomntwana wakho.

Inqanaba lesinyithi elisezantsi linokubangela ukuncipha kwengqwalaselo, ukunciphisa ukulumka kunye neengxaki zokufunda ebantwaneni.

Inqanaba lesinyithi elisezantsi linokubangela ukuba umzimba uthathe ukuhambisa okuninzi kakhulu.

Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuthintela nokunyanga ukusilela kwentsimbi.

Ukunqongophala kwe-anemia-iron - iintsana kunye nabantwana abasabhadazayo

I-Baker RD, i-Baker SS. Isondlo seentsana nabancinci. Ku: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, ii-eds. Izifo zesisu esiswini kunye nezifo zesibindi. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 85.

IBrandow AM. I-Pallor kunye ne-anemia. Ku: Kliegman RM, Lye PS, Bordini BJ, Toth H, Basel D, ii-eds. UNelson Pediatric Syndromeom-based Diagnosis. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 37.

URothman JA. Ukunqongophala kwe-iron anemia. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 482.