Isifo se-coronary syndrome

I-acute coronary syndrome ligama leqela leemeko ezithi ziyeke ngesiquphe okanye zinciphise kakhulu igazi ukuba lingahambeli kwimisipha yentliziyo. Xa igazi lingenakuhamba liye kwisihlunu sentliziyo, umsipha wentliziyo unokonakala. Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye ne-angina engazinzanga zombini zi-coronary syndromes ezibi kakhulu (i-ACS).

Into enamafutha ebizwa ngokuba yicwecwe inokwakha kwimithambo ezisa igazi eline-oksijini entliziyweni yakho. I-Plaque yenziwe nge-cholesterol, amanqatha, iiseli kunye nezinye izinto.

Iplaque inokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ngeendlela ezimbini:

• Inokubangela ukuba umthambo ube mncinci ngokuhamba kwexesha kangangokuba uvaleke ngokwaneleyo ukuze ube neempawu.
• I-plaque ilila ngokukhawuleza kwaye iifom yegazi ijikeleze kuyo, iyancipha kakhulu okanye ivimbele umthambo.

Zininzi izinto ezinobungozi besifo sentliziyo kunokukhokelela kwi-ACS.

Olona phawu luqhelekileyo lwe-ACS yintlungu yesifuba. Intlungu yesifuba inokuza ngokukhawuleza, iza kwaye ihambe, okanye ibe mandundu ngokuphumla. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu egxalabeni, engalweni, entanyeni, emhlathini, ngasemva, okanye kwindawo yesisu
• Ukuphazamiseka okuziva ngathi kukuxinana, ukutywina, ukutyumza, ukutshisa, ukukrwitsha, okanye ukuqaqanjelwa
• Ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka xa uphumle kwaye kungahambi ngokulula xa usela amayeza
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ixhala
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukubila
• Ukuziva unesiyezi okanye unentloko elula
• Ukukhawuleza okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo

Abasetyhini kunye nabantu abadala bahlala befumana ezinye iimpawu, nangona iintlungu zesifuba ziqhelekile nakubo.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo, amamele isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope, kwaye abuze malunga nembali yakho yezonyango.

Uvavanyo lwe-ACS lubandakanya:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) -I-ECG ihlala iluvavanyo lokuqala ugqirha wakho aza kuluqhuba. Ilinganisa intsebenzo yombane wentliziyo yakho. Ngexesha lovavanyo, uya kuba neepads ezincinci ezifakwe esifubeni sakho nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi-Olunye uvavanyo lwegazi lunceda ukubonisa unobangela wentlungu yesifuba kwaye ubone ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-troponin lunokubonisa ukuba iiseli zentliziyo yakho zonakalisiwe. Olu vavanyo lunokuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo.
• I-Echocardiogram - Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga intliziyo yakho. Ibonisa ukuba intliziyo yakho yonakele kwaye unokufumana iintlobo ezithile zeengxaki zentliziyo.

I-Coronary angiography inokwenziwa kwangoko okanye xa uzinzile. Olu vavanyo:

• Sebenzisa idayi ekhethekileyo kunye ne-x-reyi ukubona ukuba igazi lihamba njani entliziyweni yakho
• Unokunceda umboneleli wakho ukuba athathe isigqibo sokuba loluphi unyango olufunayo ngokulandelayo

Olunye uvavanyo lokujonga intliziyo yakho enokuthi yenziwe ngelixa usesibhedlele kubandakanya:

• Zilolonge uvavanyo loxinzelelo
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenyukliya
• Uxinzelelo lwe-echocardiography

Umboneleli wakho unokusebenzisa amayeza, utyando, okanye ezinye iinkqubo ukunyanga iimpawu zakho kunye nokubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho. Unyango lwakho luxhomekeke kwimeko yakho kunye nesixa sokuvaleka kwimithambo yakho. Unyango lwakho lunokubandakanya:

• Amayeza - Umboneleli wakho angakunika uhlobo olunye okanye nangaphezulu amayeza, kubandakanya iasprini, i-beta blockers, i-statins, i-thinner yegazi, iziyobisi ezinyibilikayo, i-Angiotensin yokuguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, okanye i-nitroglycerin. La mayeza anokunceda ukunqanda okanye ukuqhekeza igazi, ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye i-angina, ukunciphisa iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nokuzinzisa intliziyo yakho.
• I-Angioplasty -Le nkqubo ivula umthambo ovalekileyo usebenzisa ityhubhu ende, ebhityileyo ebizwa ngokuba yicatheter. Umbhobho ubekwa emthanjeni kwaye umboneleli ufaka ibhaluni encinci. Ibhaluni inomoya ngaphakathi kumthambo wokuyivula. Ugqirha wakho unokufaka ityhubhu yocingo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-stent, ukugcina umthambo uvulekile.
• Utyando lwe-Bypass-Olu tyando lokuhambisa igazi elijikeleze umthambo ovalelweyo.

Uqhuba kakuhle kangakanani emva kokuba i-ACS ixhomekeke:

• Ukhawuleza unyangwe
• Inani leemithambo ezivaliweyo kunye nokuba kubi kangakanani ukubhloka
• Nokuba yonakele okanye ayonakalanga intliziyo yakho, kunye nobungakanani kunye nendawo yomonakalo, kwaye uphi umonakalo

Ngokubanzi, ngokukhawuleza ukuba umthambo wakho ungavuleki, kokukhona kuya kubakho umonakalo omncinci entliziyweni yakho. Abantu bathambekele ekwenzeni ngcono xa kuvulwe umthambo ovaliweyo ngaphakathi kweeyure ezimbalwa ukuqala kweempawu zempawu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ACS inokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zempilo kubandakanya:

• Isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
• Ukufa
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, okwenzekayo xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukumpompa igazi elaneleyo
• Ukuqhekeka kwenxalenye yesifo sentliziyo ebangela i-tamponade okanye ukuvuza kwevalvevu
• Ukubetha

I-ACS ingxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Ukuba uneempawu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ngokukhawuleza.

SUKU:

• Zama ukuziqhubela ngokwakho esibhedlele.
• LINDELA-Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufa ngesiquphe kwiiyure zokuqala.

Kuninzi onokuyenza ukunceda ukuthintela i-ACS.

• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni ngentliziyo. Yiba neziqhamo ezininzi, imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, kunye nenyama engenamafutha. Zama ukunciphisa ukutya okuphezulu kwi-cholesterol kunye namafutha anelisiweyo, kuba uninzi lwezi zinto zinokuvala imithambo yakho.
• Yenza umthambo. Nenjongo yokufumana ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokulinganayo iintsuku ezininzi zeveki.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba, ukuba utyebe kakhulu.
• Yeka ukutshaya. Ukutshaya kungonakalisa intliziyo yakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna uncedo lokuyeka.
• Fumana ukuhlolwa kwezempilo. Kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho rhoqo kuvavanyo lwe-cholesterol kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye ufunde ukuba ungagcina njani amanani akho ejonge.
• Lawula iimeko zempilo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, icholesterol ephezulu, okanye isifo seswekile.

Isifo sentliziyo - ACS; Iposi engabalulekanga - i-ACS; I-MI-ACS; MI efanelekileyo - ACS; I-ST yokuphakama kwe-myocardial infarction - i-ACS; Ukuphakama okungabalulekanga kwe-myocardial infarction-ACS; Angina engazinzanga - ACS; Ukukhawulezisa i-angina-ACS; I-Angina - i-ACS engazinzanga; Inkqubela phambili ye-angina

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