Ukuxhuzula ebantwaneni

Isathuthwane kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo apho umntu ephindaphinde ukuxhuzula ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukuhluthwa kukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwimisebenzi yombane kunye neekhemikhali kwingqondo. Ukubanjwa okukodwa okungaphindi kwenzeke AKUSI isifo sokuwa.

Isathuthwane sinokubangelwa yimeko yonyango okanye ukwenzakala okuchaphazela ingqondo. Okanye unobangela usenokungaziwa.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuxhuzula zibandakanya:

• Ukonzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu
• Ukonakala okanye ukonakala emva kosulelo kwengqondo
• Iziphene zokuzalwa ezibandakanya ingqondo
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okwenzeka ngexesha lokuzalwa okanye kufutshane
• Iziphazamiso zeMetabolic ezikhoyo ngexesha lokuzalwa (njengephenylketonuria)
• Ithumba lobuchopho likaBenign, ihlala incinci kakhulu
• Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga kwingqondo
• Ukubetha
• Ezinye izigulo ezonakalisa okanye zonakalise izicwili zobuchopho

Ukuxhuzula ngokufuthi kuqala phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwengama-20. Kodwa kunokwenzeka nanini na. Kunokubakho imbali yosapho yokuxhuzula okanye isifo sokuwa.

Ukuxhuzula okungathethekiyo kukuxhuzula emntwaneni okubangelwa ngumkhuhlane. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuxhuzula okungathethiyo akubonakalisi ukuba umntwana unesathuthwane.

Iimpawu zohluka kuye ngomntwana. Abanye abantwana banokujonga nje. Abanye banokushukuma ngamandla kwaye baphulukane nokuphapha. Ukuhamba okanye iimpawu zokubanjwa kunokuxhomekeka kwinxalenye yengqondo echaphazelekayo.

Umboneleli wezempilo womntwana wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga nohlobo oluthile lokubanjwa komntwana wakho.

• Ukungabikho (petit mal) ukubanjwa: Ukujonga umlingo
• Ukubanjwa kwe-tonic-clonic ngokubanzi (mal mal) ukubandakanya umzimba uphela, kubandakanya i-aura, izihlunu eziqinileyo, kunye nokulahleka kokuphaphama
• Inxalenye (kugxilwe) ekubanjweni: Inokubandakanya naziphi na iimpawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuqale phi ukubanjwa

Uninzi lwexesha, ukuxhuzula kuyafana naphambi kwayo. Abanye abantwana banemvakalelo engaqhelekanga ngaphambi kokuxhuzula. Imvakalelo inokuba kukurhawuzelela, kunuke ivumba elingekhoyo apho, ukuziva usoyika okanye unxunguphalo ngaphandle kwesizathu okanye unoluvo lokuba sele wenzekile (uziva ukuba kukho into eyenzekileyo ngaphambili). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-aura.

Umboneleli uya:

• Buza malunga nembali yonyango kunye nosapho lomntwana wakho ngokweenkcukacha
• Buza malunga nesiqendu sokubanjwa
• Yenza uvavanyo lomzimba lomntwana wakho, kubandakanya ukujongwa okunzulu kwengqondo kunye nenkqubo yeemvakalelo

Umboneleli uya kuyalela i-EEG (electroencephalogram) ukukhangela umbane kwingqondo. Olu vavanyo luhlala lubonisa nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga yombane kwingqondo. Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo lubonisa indawo kwingqondo apho ukuxhuzula kuqala khona. Ingqondo inokubonakala iqhelekile emva kokubanjwa okanye phakathi kokubanjwa.

Ukufumanisa ukuxhuzula okanye ukucwangcisa utyando lokuxhuzula, umntwana wakho unokufuna:

• Nxiba irekhoda ye-EEG kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• Hlala esibhedlele apho imisebenzi yobuchopho inokujongwa kwiikhamera zevidiyo (ividiyo ye-EEG)

Umboneleli naye unoku-odola ezinye iimvavanyo, kubandakanya:

• Ikhemesti yegazi
• Iswekile yegazi
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Uvavanyo lwezintso
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Ukugqobhoza iLumbar (impompo yomqolo)
• Uvavanyo lwezifo ezosulelayo

Intloko ye-CT okanye i-MRI scan ihlala isenziwa ukufumana unobangela kunye nendawo yengxaki kwingqondo. Ngaphantsi kakhulu, ukuskena kwe-PET kwengqondo kuyafuneka ukunceda ukucwangcisa utyando.

Unyango lwesifo sokuwa luquka:

• Amayeza
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Ugqirha

Ukuba ukuxhuzula komntwana wakho kungenxa yethumba, imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga, okanye ukopha kwingqondo, kunokufuneka kwenziwe utyando.

Amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula abizwa ngokuba zii-anticonvulsants okanye ii-antiepileptic drug. Oku kunokunciphisa inani lokubanjwa kwexesha elizayo.

• La mayeza athathwa ngomlomo. Uhlobo lweyeza olumiselweyo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuhlutha umntwana wakho.
• Umthamo unokufuna ukuba utshintshwe amaxesha ngamaxesha. Umboneleli unoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukukhangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
• Soloko uqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uwathatha ngexesha amayeza kwaye njengoko kuyalelwe. Ukungabikho kwedosi kunokubangela ukuba umntwana wakho axhuzule. SUKUYEKA okanye utshintshe amayeza ngokwakho. Thetha kumboneleli kuqala.

Amachiza amaninzi okuxhuzula anokuchaphazela impilo yethambo lomntwana wakho. Thetha nomboneleli womntwana wakho malunga nokuba umntwana wakho ufuna iivithamini kunye nezinye izongezo.

Isathuthwane esingalawulwanga kakuhle emva kokuzama inani lamachiza okuthomalalisa ukubizwa ngokuba "kukuxhuzula kwezonyango." Kule meko, ugqirha unokucebisa utyando ku:

• Susa iiseli zengqondo ezingaqhelekanga ezibangela ukuxhuzula.
• Beka isikhuseli se-vagal nerve (VNS). Esi sixhobo sifana nentliziyo pacemaker. Inokukunceda ukunciphisa inani lokubanjwa.

Abanye abantwana babekwa kukutya okukhethekileyo ukunceda ukuthintela ukuxhuzula. Eyona idumileyo kukutya kwe ketogenic. Ukutya okusezantsi kwii-carbohydrate, ezinje nge-Atkins diet, nako kunokuba luncedo. Qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngezi ndlela kunye nomboneleli womntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba uzame.

Isathuthwane sisoloko sisigulo sobomi okanye esinganyangekiyo. Imicimbi ebalulekileyo yolawulo ibandakanya:

• Ukuthatha amayeza
• Ukuhlala ukhuselekile, njengokungaqubhi wedwa, ukuwa ubungqina kwikhaya lakho njalo njalo
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo kunye nokulala
• Ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala neziyobisi
• Ukuqhubeka esikolweni
• Ukulawula ezinye izifo

Ukulawula le ndlela yokuphila okanye imiba yezonyango ekhaya kunokuba ngumceli mngeni. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nomboneleli womntwana wakho ukuba unengxaki.

Uxinzelelo lokuba ngumlondolozi womntwana onesifo sokuwa unokuncedwa kukujoyina iqela lenkxaso. Kula maqela, amalungu abelana ngamava aqhelekileyo kunye neengxaki.

Uninzi lwabantwana abanesathuthwane baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Iindidi ezithile zokuxhuzula kwabantwana ziyahamba okanye ziphucuke ngokuhamba kweminyaka, zihlala zikwishumi elivisayo okanye kwi-20s. Ukuba umntwana wakho akanayo ukuxhuzula iminyaka embalwa, umboneleli unokuyeka amayeza.

Kubantwana abaninzi, isifo sokuwa sisifo esihlala ixesha elide. Kule meko, amayeza kufuneka aqhubeke.

Abantwana abanengxaki yokukhula ukongeza kwisathuthwane banokujamelana nemiceli mngeni kubo bonke ubomi babo.

Ukwazi ngakumbi ngale meko kuya kukunceda ukuba unakekele ngcono ukuxhuzula komntwana wakho.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Kunzima ukufunda
• Ukuphefumla ukutya okanye amathe emiphungeni ngexa lokubanjwa, kunokubangela ukuba inyumoniya ibe nomnqweno
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• Ukwenzakala kukuwa, amaqhuma, okanye ukulunywa kukuzibamba ngexesha lokubanjwa
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okungapheliyo (ukubetha okanye omnye umonakalo)
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ukuba:

• Eli lixesha lokuqala umntwana wakho exhuzula
• Ukuhluthwa kwenzeka emntwaneni onganxibanga isongo se-ID yonyango (enemiyalelo echaza into emayenziwe)

Ukuba umntwana wakho ukhe waxhuzula ngaphambili, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo kuzo naziphi na kwezi meko zikaxakeka:

• Ukuthathwa kukude kunokuba umntwana enesiqhelo okanye umntwana eneenombolo ezingaqhelekanga zokuxhuzula
• Umntwana uye waxhuzula kaninzi ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa
• Umntwana uphindaphinde ukuxhuzula apho ukuqonda okanye isimilo esiqhelekileyo singabuyiswanga phakathi kwabo (imeko yesathuthwane)
• Umntwana wenzakala ngexesha lokuthimba
• Umntwana kunzima ukuphefumla

Biza umnikezeli ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ezintsha:

• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Irhashalala
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza, ezinje ngokozela, ukungazoli, okanye ukudideka
• Iinyikima okanye iintshukumo ezingaqhelekanga, okanye iingxaki ngokulungelelaniswa

Nxibelelana nomboneleli nokuba umntwana wakho uqhelekile emva kokuyekisa ukuthimba.

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela isifo sokuwa. Ukutya okufanelekileyo kunye nokulala kunokuwanciphisa amathuba okuxhuzula kubantwana abanesathuthwane.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala kwentloko ngexesha lezinto ezinobungozi. Oku kunganciphisa ukubakho kokulimala kwengqondo okukhokelela ekubanjweni kunye nokuxhuzula.

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo - abantwana; Ukuxhuzula - ukuwa kobuntwana; Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubuntwana; I-Anticonvulsant-isifo sokuwa kwabantwana; Iziyobisi antiepileptic - isifo sokuwa kwabantwana; I-AED-isifo sokuwa kwabantwana

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UGhatan S, McGoldrick PE, Kokoszka MA, kunye neWolf SM. Utyando lwesifo sokuwa kwabantwana. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ugqirha we-Youmans kunye no-Winn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 240.

UKanner AM, uAshman E, uGloss D, et al. Isikhokelo sokuziqhelanisa nokuhlaziya isishwankathelo: ukusebenza kunye nokunyamezelana kwamachiza amatsha okulwa nesifo sokuwa I: unyango lwesifo sokuwa esitsha: ingxelo yoMbutho waseMelika wokuXhuzula kunye nesiKhokelo soPhuculo, ukuSasazwa, kunye neKomitana yokuPhumeza yeAmerican Academy yeNeurology. Isifo sokuwa. 2018; 18 (4): 260-268. IINKCUKACHA: 30254527 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30254527/.

IMikati MA, Tchapyjnikov D. Ukuxhuzula ebuntwaneni. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 611.

Pearl PL. Isishwankathelo sokubanjwa kunye nokuxhuzula kwabantwana. Ku: Swaiman K, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, ii-eds. I-Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 61.