Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu - abantwana

Uxinzelelo lwegazi ngumlinganiso wamandla owenziwe kwiindonga zemithambo yakho njengoko intliziyo yakho impompa igazi emzimbeni wakho. Uxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi) kukunyuka kwalo mandla. Eli nqaku ligxile kuxinzelelo lwegazi ebantwaneni, oluhlala lubangelwa kukutyeba kakhulu.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi kufundwa njengamanani amabini. Imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo lwegazi ibhaliwe ngale ndlela: 120/80. Inye okanye omabini la manani angaphakama kakhulu.

• Inombolo yokuqala (ephezulu) yi-systolic uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Inombolo yesibini (ezantsi) luxinzelelo lwe-diastolic.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kubantwana ukuya kuthi ga kubudala be-13 bulinganiswa ngokwahlukileyo kunabantu abadala. Kungenxa yokuba into ethathwa njengesiqhelo uxinzelelo lwegazi luyatshintsha njengoko umntwana ekhula. Amanani oxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana athelekiswa nemilinganiselo yoxinzelelo lwegazi labanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo, ubude, kunye nesini.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi kuluhlu lwabantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kweli-13 ubudala lupapashwa yiarhente karhulumente. Unokucela nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Ukufundwa koxinzelelo lwegazi ngokungaqhelekanga kuchazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphakamileyo
• Inqanaba 1 uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Inqanaba 2 uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

Abantwana abadala kuneminyaka eyi-13 balandela izikhokelo ezifanayo zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu njengabantu abadala.

Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi, kubandakanya:

• Amanqanaba eHormone
• Impilo yenkqubo ye-nervous, intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi
• Impilo yezintso

Uninzi lwexesha, akukho sizathu soxinzelelo lwegazi olufumanekayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-primary (kubalulekile) uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wexinzelelo lwegazi kubantwana:

• Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu
• Imbali yosapho yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Ubuhlanga - abantu base-Afrika baseMelika basemngciphekweni wokunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ukuba nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile okanye iswekile ephezulu yegazi
• Ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla ngexesha lokulala, njengokurhola okanye ukuphefumla ubuthongo
• Isifo sezintso
• Imbali yokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa okanye ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi

Uninzi lwabantwana, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luhambelana nokutyeba kakhulu.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi olunokubangelwa yenye ingxaki yezempilo. Inokubangelwa liyeza elithathwa ngumntwana wakho. Izizathu zesekondari zixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Iingxaki ze-thyroid
• Iingxaki zentliziyo
• Iingxaki zezintso
• Amathumba athile
• Ukulala ngokuphefumla
• Amayeza afana ne-steroids, iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, ii-NSAID, kunye namanye amayeza aqhelekileyo abandayo

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luya kubuyela esiqhelweni xa iyeza limisiwe okanye imeko inyangwa.

Olona xinzelelo lwempilo olusempilweni lwabantwana lusekwe kwisini somntwana, ukuphakama, kunye nobudala. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo angakuxelela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho lube luni.

Uninzi lwabantwana alunazo iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luhlala lufumaneka ngexesha lokuhlolwa xa umboneleli ehlola uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, uphawu kuphela koxinzelelo lwegazi yimilinganiselo yoxinzelelo lwegazi uqobo. Kubantwana abanobunzima obusempilweni, uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka luthathwe minyaka le ukuqala kwiminyaka yobudala 3. Ukufumana ukufundwa ngokuchanekileyo, umboneleli womntwana wakho uya kusebenzisa ikhofu yoxinzelelo lwegazi elingana kakuhle nomntwana wakho.

Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho luphakanyisiwe, umboneleli kufuneka alinganise uxinzelelo lwegazi kabini kwaye athathe umndilili wemilinganiselo emibini.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka lwenziwe kutyelelo ngalunye lwabantwana:

• Batyebile
• Thatha amayeza anyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Unesifo sezintso
• Unengxaki nemithambo yegazi ekhokelela entliziyweni
• Unesifo seswekile

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambi kokufumanisa umntwana wakho ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi.

Umboneleli uya kubuza malunga nembali yosapho, imbali yokulala komntwana wakho, izinto ezinobungozi kunye nokutya.

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ukukhangela iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo, ukonakala kwamehlo, kunye nolunye utshintsho emzimbeni womntwana wakho.

Ezinye iimvavanyo umboneleli womntwana wakho anokufuna ukuzenza zibandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• Uvavanyo lweswekile yegazi
• Echocardiogram
• I-Ultrasound yezintso
• Ukulala ukufundisisa ukufumana i-apnea yokulala

Injongo yonyango kukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ukuze umntwana wakho abe nomngcipheko omncinci weengxaki. Umboneleli womntwana wakho unokukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iinjongo zoxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho ekufuneka zibekhona.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uphakamise uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, umboneleli wakho uya kuncoma utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho.

Imikhwa esempilweni inokunceda umntwana wakho ukuba angafumani bunzima, aphulukane nobunzima, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi. Ukusebenza kunye njengentsapho yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunceda umntwana wakho anciphise umzimba. Sebenzani kunye ukunceda umntwana wakho:

• Landela ukutya kwe-DASH, enetyuwa encinci eneziqhamo kunye nemifuno, inyama engenamafutha, iinkozo ezipheleleyo, kunye ne-fat-fat or non-fat milk
• Nciphisa iziselo ezineswekile kunye nokutya okuneswekile eyongezelelweyo
• Fumana umthambo kangangemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 yonke imihla
• Nciphisa ixesha lesikrini kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuhlala phantsi kweeyure ezingama-2 ngosuku
• Lala ngokwaneleyo

Uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho luya kujongwa kwakhona kwiinyanga ezi-6. Ukuba ihlala iphezulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi luya kujongwa kumalungu omntwana wakho. Emva koko uxinzelelo lwegazi luya kuphinda luhlolwe kwiinyanga ezili-12. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala luphezulu, umboneleli unokucebisa ngokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokuqhubekayo ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi. Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukubona intliziyo okanye ugqirha wezintso.

Olunye uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ukukhangela:

• Inqanaba le-cholesterol ephezulu
• Iswekile (uvavanyo lwe-A1C)
• Isifo sentliziyo, kusetyenziswa iimvavanyo ezinjenge-echocardiogram okanye i-electrocardiogram
• Isifo sezintso, kusetyenziswa iimvavanyo ezinje ngephaneli yesiseko ye-metabolic kunye ne-urinalysis okanye i-ultrasound yezintso

Inkqubo efanayo iya kwenzeka kubantwana abanesigaba 1 okanye isigaba 2 soxinzelelo lwegazi. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lokulandelela kunye nokuthunyelwa kweengcali kuya kwenzeka kwiveki e-1 ukuya kwezi-2 zenqanaba 1 loxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye emva kweveki e-1 ukuya kwinqanaba 2 lexinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuba utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lulodwa alusebenzi, okanye umntwana wakho unezinye izinto ezinobungozi, umntwana wakho unokufuna amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi asetyenziswa rhoqo kubantwana afaka:

• I-Angiotensin yokuguqula i-enzyme inhibitors
• I-Angiotensin receptor blockers
• Beta-iibhlokhi
• Iibhlokhi zesitayile seCalcium
• Womchamo

Umboneleli womntwana wakho unokucebisa ukuba ujonge uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho ekhaya. Ukubeka iliso ekhaya kunganceda ukubonisa ukuba utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila okanye amayeza ayasebenza.

Uninzi lwexesha, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ebantwaneni lunokulawulwa ngokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila kunye namayeza, ukuba kufuneka njalo.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi olunganyangekiyo ebantwaneni lunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ebudaleni, ezinokubandakanya:

• Ukubetha
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Isifo sezintso

Tsalela umnikezeli womntwana wakho ukuba ukubekwa kweliso ekhaya kubonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho lusephezulu.

Umboneleli womntwana wakho uya kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntwana wakho ubuncinci kube kanye ngonyaka, ukuqala kwiminyaka eyi-3.

Unokunceda ukuthintela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emntwaneni wakho ngokulandela utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila olwenzelwe ukuzisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuthunyelwa kugqirha wabantwana kwi-nephrologist kunokucetyiswa kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo abanexinzelelo.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi - abantwana; HBP - abantwana; Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwabantwana

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