Ukuhamba kwe-myelitis

I-myelitis eguqukayo yimeko ebangelwa kukudumba kwethambo lomqolo. Ngenxa yoko, ukogquma (i-myelin sheath) ejikeleze iiseli zemithambo-luvo konakele. Oku kuphazamisa imiqondiso phakathi kwemithambo-luvo yomqolo kunye nomzimba wonke.

Ukutshintsha kwe-myelitis kunokubangela iintlungu, ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukukhubazeka, kunye nesinyi okanye iingxaki zamathumbu.

I-myelitis eguqukayo yinkqubo enqabileyo ye-nervous system. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oyena nobangela awaziwa. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezithile zingakhokelela kwi-myelitis eguqukayo:

• Intsholongwane, intsholongwane, i-parasitic, okanye intsholongwane ye-fungal, njenge-HIV, i-syphilis, i-varicella zoster (i-shingles), i-virus ye-West Nile, i-Zika virus, i-enteroviruses kunye ne-Lyme
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-immune, njenge-multiple sclerosis (MS), iSjögren syndrome, kunye ne-lupus
• Ezinye iingxaki zokuvuvukala, ezinje nge-sarcoidosis, okanye isifo esihambelana nezicubu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-scleroderma
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi echaphazela umqolo

I-myelitis eguqukayo ichaphazela amadoda nabasetyhini bayo yonke iminyaka kunye neentlanga.

Iimpawu ze-myelitis eguqukayo inokukhula ngaphakathi kweeyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa. Okanye, banokukhula ngaphezulu kwe-1 ukuya kwiiveki ezi-4. Iimpawu zinokukhawuleza ukuba nzima.

Iimpawu zihlala zenzeka kwindawo engaphantsi kwethambo lomqolo okanye ezantsi. Omabini amacala omzimba achaphazeleka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha licala elinye kuphela elichaphazelekayo.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

Iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga:

• Ubumdaka
• Ukucheba
• Ukulinganisa
• Ingqele
• Ukutsha
• Ubuntununtunu bokuchukumisa okanye ubushushu

Iimpawu zesisu kunye nesinyi:

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Rhoqo isidingo sokuchama
• Ubunzima bokubamba umchamo
• Ukuvuza komchamo (ukungasebenzi)

Intlungu:

• Ubukhali okanye buthuntu
• Ungaqala kumqolo wakho osezantsi
• Ngamana ungadubula phantsi iingalo kunye nemilenze okanye usongele isiqu sakho okanye isifuba

Ubuthathaka bemisipha:

• Ukuphulukana nokulingana
• Unzima ukuhamba (ukukhubeka okanye ukutsala iinyawo zakho)
• Ukuphulukana nomsebenzi ngokuthe ngqo, okunokuthi kukhule kube kukukhubazeka

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo:

• Ubunzima bokuba ne-orgasm (amadoda nabafazi)
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile emadodeni

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya ukulahleka kwesidlo, umkhuhlane kunye neengxaki zokuphefumula. Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokujongana nentlungu engapheliyo kunye nokugula.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho. Umboneleli uya kwenza novavanyo lweenkqubo zemithambo-luvo ukukhangela:

• Ubuthathaka okanye ukuphulukana nokusebenza kwezihlunu, ezinje ngethoni yemisipha kunye nengqondo
• Inqanaba leentlungu
• Iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa i-myelitis enqamlezileyo kunye nokulawula ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:

• I-MRI yamathambo omqolo ukujonga ukudumba okanye ukungaqheleki
• Impompo yomqolo (i-lumbar puncture)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi

Unyango lwe-myelitis enqamlezileyo inceda:

• Nyanga usulelo olubangele imeko
• Nciphisa ukudumba kwethambo lomqolo
• Ukunciphisa okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu

Unokunikwa:

• Amayeza e-Steroid anikezwe ngomthambo (IV) ukunciphisa ukudumba.
• Unyango lweplasma. Oku kubandakanya ukususa into engamanzi egazini lakho (iplasma) nokuyitshintsha ibe yiplasma kumnikeli ophilileyo okanye ngolunye ulwelo.
• Amayeza okucinezela amajoni akho omzimba.
• Amayeza okulawula ezinye iimpawu ezinjengentlungu, ispasm, iingxaki zomchamo, okanye uxinzelelo.

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa:

• Unyango lomzimba ukunceda ukuphucula amandla emisipha kunye nokulinganisela, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhamba
• Unyango emsebenzini ukukunceda ufunde iindlela ezintsha zokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• Ukucebisa ukukunceda ujongane noxinzelelo kunye nemicimbi yeemvakalelo yokuba une-myelitis eguqukayo

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lenkxaso. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Umbono wabantu abane-myelitis eguqukayo iyahluka. Ukuchacha okuninzi kwenzeka kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu emva kokuba imeko yenzekile. Kwabanye, ukuphilisa kunokuthatha iinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka. Malunga nesinye kwisithathu sabantu abane-myelitis eguqukayo bayachacha ngokupheleleyo. Abanye abantu bayachacha ngokukhubazeka okuphakathi, njengeengxaki zamathumbu kunye nengxaki yokuhamba. Abanye banokukhubazeka ngokusisigxina kwaye bafuna uncedo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Abo banokuba namathuba amabi okufumana kwakhona ngaba:

• Abantu abaqala ngokukhawuleza kweempawu
• Abantu abaneempawu ezingaphucukanga kwiinyanga zokuqala ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6

Ukutshintsha kwe-myelitis kuhlala kwenzeka kube kanye kubantu abaninzi. Inokuphinda ibuye kwabanye abantu ngesizathu esisisiseko, njenge-MS. Abantu ababandakanyeka kuphela kwicala elinye lomnqonqo banokubakho ngakumbi ekuphuhliseni i-MS kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki zempilo eziqhubekayo ezivela kwi-myelitis enqamlezileyo inokubandakanya:

• Intlungu engapheliyo
• Ukuphulukana ngokungaphelelanga okanye okupheleleyo kokusebenza kwemisipha
• Ubuthathaka
• Ukuqina kwemisipha kunye nokuqina
• Iingxaki zesini

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Uyabona ngequbuliso, iintlungu ezibukhali emqolo wakho ezithi zitshise iingalo okanye imilenze okanye zisongele isiqu sakho
• Uba nobuthathaka ngesiquphe okanye ukuba ndindisholo kwengalo okanye umlenze
• Unokuphulukana nomsebenzi wemisipha
• Uneengxaki zesinyi (ukuhamba rhoqo okanye ukungakwazi ukuzibamba) okanye iingxaki zamathumbu (ukuqhina)
• Iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mbi, nditsho nonyango

TM; I-myelitis enqamlezileyo; Ezinqamlezayo zesekondari; Idiopathic enqamlezileyo myelitis

• I-Myelin kunye nesakhiwo se-nerve
• I-Vertebra kunye neentsholongwane zomgogodla

UFabian MT, uKrieger SC, uLublin FD. I-Multiple sclerosis kunye nezinye izifo ezikhuselayo zenkqubo ye-nervous system. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 80.

I-Hemingway C. Ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-nervous system. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC kunye noWilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 618.

Lim PAC. Ukuhamba kwe-myelitis. Ku: UFrontera WR, iSilver JK, uRizzo TD Jr, ii-eds. Iimfuno zoNyango loMzimba kunye noVuselelo. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 162.

IZiko leLizwe leengxaki zeNeological kunye newebhusayithi yeStroke. Iphepha elichazayo le-myelitis. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Transverse-Myelitis-Fact-Sheet. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-13 ka-Agasti ka-2019. Ifikeleleke ngoJanuwari 06, 2020.