Ugonyo lweHepatitis B

Umxholo

• ukulandela isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis B kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

I-Hepatitis B sisifo esibi esichaphazela isibindi. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B. I-Hepatitis B inokubangela ukugula kancinane okuhlala iiveki ezimbalwa, okanye kunokukhokelela kwisifo esibi, esihlala ixesha elide.

Usulelo lwe-Hepatitis B lwentsholongwane lunokuba lubi okanye lungapheliyo.

Usulelo lwe-virus ye-hepatitis B sisifo sethutyana esenzeka kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala emva kokuba umntu eve isifo se-hepatitis B. Oku kungakhokelela ku:

• umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye / okanye ukugabha
• i-jaundice (ulusu olutyheli okanye amehlo, umchamo omnyama, intshukumo yombala wodongwe)
• intlungu kwimisipha, amalungu kunye nesisu

Usulelo lwe-hepatitis B engapheliyo sisigulo sexesha elide esenzeka xa intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ihlala emzimbeni womntu. Uninzi lwabantu abaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa i-hepatitis B engapheliyo abanazo iimpawu, kodwa kusenzima kakhulu kwaye kunokukhokelela ku:

• ukulimala kwesibindi (i-cirrhosis)
• umhlaza wesibindi
• ukufa

Abantu abosuleleke ngokungapheliyo banokusasaza intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B kwabanye, nokuba abaziva okanye babonakala begula ngokwabo. Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.4 yezigidi zabantu eUnited States banokuba nosulelo olungapheliyo lwe-hepatitis B. Phantse iipesenti ezingama-90 zeentsana ezifumana i-hepatitis B zisulelwe ngokungapheliyo, kwaye malunga nom-1 kwaba-4 kubo uyafa.

IHepatitis B isasazeka xa igazi, amadlozi, okanye olunye ulwelo lomzimba olosuleleke yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B ingena emzimbeni womntu ongosulelekanga. Abantu banokosulelwa yile ntsholongwane ngokuthi:

• ukuzalwa (usana olosulelwe ngumama walo lunokosulelwa okanye emva kokuzalwa)
• ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana neencakuba okanye iibrashi zamazinyo nomntu osulelekileyo
• ukudibana negazi okanye izilonda ezivulekileyo zomntu osulelekileyo
• ngesondo neqabane elosulelekileyo
• Ukwabelana ngeenaliti, iisirinji, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokutofa iziyobisi
• ukuchanabeka kwigazi elivela kwezixhobo zokufaka inaliti okanye ezinye izixhobo ezibukhali

Unyaka ngamnye malunga nabantu abangama-2 000 eUnited States bafa ngenxa yesifo sesibindi esibangelwa yi-hepatitis B.

Ukugonywa kwe-Hepatitis B kunokuthintela i-hepatitis B kunye neziphumo zayo, kubandakanya umhlaza wesibindi kunye nokuqina kwesibindi.

Ukugonywa kwe-Hepatitis B kwenziwa kwiindawo zentsholongwane ye-hepatitis B. Ayinakubangela usulelo lwe-hepatitis B. Isitofu sokugonya sihlala sinikwa njenge-2, 3, okanye i-4 isibhamu ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-6.

Iintsana kufuneka bafumane idosi yabo yokuqala yokugonya i-hepatitis B ekuzalweni kwaye baya kuhlala begqibezela uthotho kwiinyanga ezintandathu ubudala.

Zonke abantwana kunye nokufikisa abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala abangekafumani iyeza lokugonya kufuneka nabo bagonywe.

Isitofu sokugonya se-Hepatitis B sicetyiswa ukuba singagonyelwa abantu abadala abasemngciphekweni wokosuleleka yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B, kubandakanya:

• abantu abanamaqabane esondo ane-hepatitis B
• abantu ababelana ngesondo abangenabo ubudlelwane bexesha elide bodwa
• abantu abafuna uvavanyo okanye unyango lwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo
• amadoda abelana ngesondo namanye amadoda
• abantu ababelana ngeenaliti, iisirinji, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokutofa iziyobisi
• abantu abanonxibelelwano lwasekhaya nomntu osuleleke yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis B
• ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye nabasebenzi bokhuseleko loluntu abasemngciphekweni wokuvezwa ligazi okanye ulwelo lomzimba
• abahlali nabasebenzi bamancedo abantu abakhubazekileyo abakhulayo
• abantu kumaziko oluleko
• Amaxhoba okuhlaselwa ngokwesondo okanye ukuxhatshazwa
• abahambi besiya kwimimandla enexabiso elonyukayo le-hepatitis B
• abantu abanesifo esingapheliyo sesibindi, isifo sezintso, usulelo lwe-HIV, okanye isifo seswekile
• nabani na ofuna ukukhuselwa kwi-hepatitis B

Akukho bungozi baziwayo bokufumana isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis B ngaxeshanye nezinye izitofu zokugonya.

Xelela umntu onika isitofu:

• Ukuba umntu ofumana isitofu sokugonya unazo naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi, ezisongela ubomi. Ukuba ukhe waba neengozi ezisongela ubomi emva kwethamo lokugonya i-hepatitis B, okanye une-aleji engaginyisi mathe kuyo nayiphi na inxenye yeliyeza, unokucetyiswa ukuba ungagonyo. Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ufuna ulwazi malunga nezinto zokugonya.
• Ukuba umntu ofumana isitofu sokugula akaphilanga. Ukuba unesifo esiphantsi, esifana nengqele, unokufumana iyeza lokugonya namhlanje. Ukuba uphakathi okanye ugula kakhulu, kuya kufuneka ulinde de uchache. Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa.

Ngalo naliphi na iyeza, kubandakanya nezitofu zokugonya, kukho amathuba okuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Oku kuhlala kubumnene kwaye kuyahamba ngokwakho, kodwa iimpendulo ezinzulu zinokwenzeka.

Uninzi lwabantu abafumana isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis B abanangxaki ngaso.

ukulandela isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis B kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuba buhlungu apho wanikwa khona
• Ubushushu be-99.9 ° F (37.7 ° C) okanye ngaphezulu

Ukuba ezi ngxaki ziyenzeka, zihlala ziqala kwakamsinya emva kokudutyulwa kwaye zihlala iintsuku ezi-1 okanye ezi-2.

Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga nezi mpendulo.

• Abantu ngamanye amaxesha batyhafa emva kwenkqubo yezonyango, kubandakanya nokugonya. Ukuhlala okanye ukungqengqa malunga nemizuzu eli-15 kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamandla nokwenzakala okubangelwa kukuwa. Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba uziva unesiyezi, okanye unombono otshintshayo okanye ukhala ezindlebeni.
• Abanye abantu bafumana iintlungu zamagxa, ezinokuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kunokuqaqamba kwesiqhelo kunokulandela inaliti. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kunqabile.
• Nawaphi na amayeza anokubangela ukusabela okungafunekiyo. Ukusabela okunje kusitofu kunqabile kakhulu, kuqikelelwa malunga nedosi e-1 kwisigidi, kwaye kuya kwenzeka kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kogonyo. Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, kukho amathuba okuba isitofu sokugonya sibangele Ukhuseleko lwamachiza luhlala lubekwe esweni. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, ndwendwela: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/

• Khangela nantoni na ekuchaphazelayo, njengeempawu zokungalungeli komzimba, ifiva ephezulu kakhulu, okanye isimilo esingaqhelekanga. negazi lakho kakhulu Ingabandakanya imihlathi, ukudumba kobuso nomqala, ukuphefumla nzima, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, isiyezi, kunye nokuba buthathaka. Oku kuya kuqala imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kogonyo.

• Ukuba ucinga yi negazi lakho kakhulu okanye olunye olungxamisekileyo olungakwaziyo ukulinda, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye ufike kwisibhedlele esikufutshane. Ngaphandle koko, tsalela iklinikhi yakho emva koko, impendulo kufuneka ixelwe kwiNkqubo yokuNgxelo ngezeMeko eziGonyo (VAERS). Ugqirha wakho kufuneka afake le ngxelo, okanye ungafaka le ngxelo kwiwebhusayithi ye-VAERS apha http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, okanye ngokutsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-822-7967.

IVAERS ayiniki ngcebiso ngonyango.

INkqubo kaZwelonke yokuXhasa uNyango yokuThintela ukuVavanya (i-VICP) yinkqubo yomdibaniso eyenzelwe ukuhlawulela abantu abanokwenzakala zizitofu ezithile.

Abantu abakholelwa ukuba bangonzakaliswa ligonyo bangafunda ngale nkqubo kunye nokugcwalisa ibango ngokutsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-338-2382 okanye ngokundwendwela iwebhusayithi ye-VICP apha http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Kukho umda wexesha lokufaka ibango kwimbuyekezo.

• Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo. Unokukunika into yokufaka isitofu okanye ucebise ngeminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Tsalela umnxeba isebe lezempilo lasekuhlaleni okanye likarhulumente.
• Nxibelelana namaZiko oLawulo noKuthintela iZifo (CDC): Tsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) okanye undwendwele iwebhusayithi ye-CDC apha http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines.

Ingxelo yeNgcaciso ye-Hepatitis B. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zaBantu / amaZiko oLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo lweNkqubo yokuGonya kaZwelonke. 10/12/2018.

• U-Engerix-B^®
• I-Recombivax HB kwakhona^®

• Ikhomishini^® (iqulethe iHaemophilus influenzae type b, Hepatitis B Vaccine)
• IPediarix^® (iqulethe iDiphtheria, iTetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Vaccine Polio)
• Twinrix^® (equlathe i-Hepatitis A Vaccine, i-Hepatitis B Vaccine)

• I-DTaP-HepB-IPV
• IHepA-HepB
• IHepB
• IHib-HepB