Ugonyo lweCesina eMthubi

Umxholo

• I-yellow fever sisifo esibi esibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-yellow fever. Ifumaneka kwiindawo ezithile eAfrika nase Mzantsi Melika. I-yellow fever isasazeka ngokulunywa yingcongconi esulelekileyo. Ayinakho ukusasazeka umntu emntwini ngokudibana ngqo. Abantu abanesifo se-yellow fever badla ngokulaliswa esibhedlele. Umkhuhlane omthubi unokubangela:

I-yellow fever sisifo esibi esibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-yellow fever. Ifumaneka kwiindawo ezithile eAfrika nase Mzantsi Melika. I-yellow fever isasazeka ngokulunywa yingcongconi esulelekileyo. Ayinakho ukusasazeka umntu emntwini ngokudibana ngqo. Abantu abanesifo se-yellow fever badla ngokulaliswa esibhedlele. Umkhuhlane omthubi unokubangela:

• umkhuhlane kunye neempawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• i-jaundice (ulusu olutyheli okanye amehlo)
• ukopha kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba
• isibindi, izintso, ukuphefumla kunye nokunye ukungaphumeleli komzimba
• ukufa (20 ukuya ku-50% yamatyala anzima)

Iyeza lokugonya i-yellow fever yintsholongwane ephilayo, ebuthathaka. Inikwa ngokudutyulwa kube kanye.Kubantu abahlala besemngciphekweni, idosi yokukhuthaza iyacetyiswa rhoqo kwiminyaka eli-10.

Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane omthubi sinokunikwa ngaxeshanye nezinye izitofu zokugonya.

Ugonyo lwe-yellow fever lunokuthintela i-yellow fever. Ugonyo lwe-yellow fever lunikwa kuphela kumaziko achongiweyo okugonya. Emva kokufumana isitofu sokugonya, kuya kufuneka unikwe isitampu uze utyikitye ’’ iSatifikethi seSizwe sokuGonya okanye iProphylaxis ’’ (ikhadi elityheli). Esi siqinisekiso siba semthethweni kwiintsuku ezili-10 emva kogonyo kwaye silungile iminyaka eli-10. Uya kulidinga eli khadi njengobungqina bokugonywa ukungena kumazwe athile. Abahambi ngaphandle kobungqina bokugonywa banokunikwa isitofu sokungena xa bengena okanye bagcinwe ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-6 ukuqinisekisa ukuba abosuleleki. Xoxa ngohambo lwakho nogqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ngaphambi kokuba ufumane ugonyo lwakho lwe-yellow fever. Qhakamshelana nesebe lezempilo okanye undwendwele iwebhusayithi yeenkcukacha zokuhamba zeCDC ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/travel ukuze ufunde iimfuno zokugonya i-yellow fever kunye neengcebiso zamazwe ahlukeneyo.

Enye indlela yokuthintela umkhuhlane omthubi kukuphepha ukulunywa yingcongconi ngoku:

• ukuhlala kwiindawo ezihlolwe kakuhle okanye ezinomoya,
• unxibe iimpahla ezigubungela uninzi lomzimba wakho,
• usebenzisa inambuzane efanelekileyo yokugxotha izinambuzane, njengaleyo iqulethe i-DEET.

• Abantu iinyanga ezili-9 ukuya kwiminyaka engama-59 ubudala abaya okanye bahlala kwindawo apho umngcipheko we-yellow fever waziwa ukuba ukhona, okanye uhamba kwilizwe elinemfuneko yokungena kugonyo.
• Abasebenzi baselebhu abanokuthi babhencwe kwintsholongwane ye-yellow fever okanye kwintsholongwane yokugonya.

Ulwazi ngabahambi lunokufumaneka kwi-Intanethi nge-CDC (http://www.cdc.gov/travel), uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (http://www.who.int), kunye nePan American Health Organisation (http: // www.paho.org).

Akufuneki unikele ngegazi kangangeentsuku ezili-14 emva kogonyo, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokuhambisa intsholongwane ye-vaccine ngokusebenzisa iimveliso zegazi ngelo xesha.

• Nabani na onobungozi obukhulu (obusongela ubomi) kwinto ethile yokugonya, kubandakanya amaqanda, iiprotein zenkukhu, okanye i-gelatin, okanye onesifo esibi kakhulu kwithamo langaphambili lokugonya i-yellow fever akufuneki afumane isitofu sokugonya i-yellow fever. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba unezigulo ezibukhali.
• Iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala akufuneki zifumane iyeza lokugonya.
• Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba: une-HIV / AIDS okanye esinye isifo esichaphazela amajoni omzimba; amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yomhlaza okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango, ukufakelwa, okanye imitha okanye unyango lweziyobisi (ezinje ngee-steroids, umhlaza chemotherapy, okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezichaphazela ukusebenza kweseli yomzimba); okanye i-thymus isusiwe okanye une-thymus disorder, efana ne-myasthenia gravis, i-DiGeorge syndrome, okanye i-thymoma. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba ungalufumana na ugonyo.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu abangakwaziyo ukunqanda uhambo oluya kwindawo ye-yellow fever kufuneka baxoxe ngokugonywa nogqirha wabo. Banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki ezinzima emva kogonyo.
• Iintsana ezi-6 ukuya kwi-8 zeenyanga ubudala, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kunye noomama abancancisayo kufuneka bakuphephe okanye bakuhlehlise ukuhamba ukuya kwindawo apho kukho umngcipheko we-yellow fever. Ukuba ukuhamba akunakuthintelwa, xoxa ngokugonya nogqirha wakho.

Ukuba awunakufumana iyeza lokugonya ngezizathu zonyango, kodwa ufuna ubungqina bokugonyelwa i-yellow fever kohambo, ugqirha wakho angakunika ileta yokurhoxa ukuba ucinga ukuba umngcipheko usezantsi ngokwamkelekileyo. Ukuba ucwangcisa ukusebenzisa ukurhoxisa, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nomzi wozakuzo wamazwe oceba ukutyelela kuwo ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Isitofu sokugonya, njengalo naliphi na iyeza, sinokubangela impendulo ethe kratya. Kodwa umngcipheko wesitofu sokubangela ingozi enkulu, okanye ukufa, uphantsi kakhulu.

Iingxaki eziphakathi

Iyeza lokugonya i-yellow fever linxulunyaniswa nomkhuhlane, kunye namahlaba, ukukhathazeka, ukuba bomvu okanye ukudumba apho sanikezelwa khona.

Ezi ngxaki zenzeka ukuya kuthi ga kumntu omnye kwabane. Zidla ngokuqala kwakamsinya emva kwesithonga, kwaye zinokuhlala kwiveki.

Iingxaki ezinzima

• Impendulo ebukhali yelungu lokuthintela (malunga nomntu omnye kuma-55,000).
• Impendulo ye-nervous system (malunga nomntu omnye kuma-125,000).
• Ukugula okusongela ubomi kunye nokusilela kwamalungu (malunga nomntu omnye kuma-250,000). Ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabantu abaphethwe yile mpembelelo yecala bayafa.

Ezi ngxaki zimbini zokugqibela azikaze zichazwe emva kwedosi yokunyusa.

Kufuneka ndijonge ntoni?

Khangela nayiphi na imeko engaqhelekanga, enjengomkhuhlane omkhulu, utshintsho kwindlela oziphethe ngayo, okanye iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ezenzeka kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-30 emva kogonyo. Iimpawu zokungaziphathi kakuhle kunokubandakanya ukuphefumla nzima, ukudinwa okanye ukuvutha, urhashalala, ukuphaphatheka, ubuthathaka, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, okanye isiyezi kwisithuba semizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokudutyulwa.

Ndingenza ntoni?

• Tsalela umnxeba ugqirha, okanye ungenise umntu kwagqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Xelela ugqirha ukuba kwenzeke ntoni, umhla kunye nexesha okwenzekileyo ngalo, kwaye naxa ugonyo belunikiwe.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba anike ingxelo ngempendulo ngefom yeNkqubo yokuNika ingxelo ngeNdawo yokuGonya (VAERS). Okanye ungayifaka le ngxelo kwiwebhusayithi ye-VAERS apha http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, okanye ngokutsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-822-7967. I-VAERS ayinikezeli ngcebiso ngonyango.

• Buza ugqirha wakho. Unokukunika into yokufaka isitofu okanye ucebise ngeminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Tsalela umnxeba isebe lezempilo lasekuhlaleni okanye likarhulumente.
• Nxibelelana namaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo (CDC) ngokutsalela umnxeba ku-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO), okanye ngokundwendwela iwebhusayithi ye-CDC apha http://www.cdc.gov/travel, http: //www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/yellowfever, okanye http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/yf

INgcaciso yeNgcaciso yoMkhuhlane weHever fever. ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zaBantu / amaZiko oLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo lweNkqubo yokuGonya kaZwelonke. 3/30/2011.

• YF-VAX^®