I-insulin yomntu Ukuphefumla

Umxholo

• Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin,
• Eli yeza linokubangela utshintsho kwiswekile yegazi lakho. Kuya kufuneka uyazi iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi kunye ephezulu yegazi kwaye wenzeni ukuba unayo le miqondiso.
• Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwi-insulin kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu okanye ezo zidweliswe kwicandelo LESILUMKISO ESIBALULEKILEYO, tsalela umnxeba kwangoko okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo:
• I-insulin inhalation overdose inokwenzeka ukuba uthatha kakhulu inhalation ye-insulin okanye ukuba uthatha inani elifanelekileyo le-inhalation ye-insulin kodwa utye okanye wenze umthambo ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo. I-insulin inhalation overdose inokubangela i-hypoglycemia. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu ye-hypoglycemia, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wento omele uyenze xa ukhulisa i-hypoglycemia. Ezinye iimpawu libanda:

Ukungeniswa kwe-insulin kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwemiphunga kwaye kunokubangela i-bronchospasms (ubunzima bokuphefumla). Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhe wanesifo sombefu okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD; iqela lezifo ezichaphazela imiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya). Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ungasebenzisi i-insulin inhalation ukuba une-asthma okanye i-COPD. Ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezithile ukukhangela ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza njani phambi konyango, iinyanga ezi-6 emva kokuqala unyango, kunye nonyaka ngelixa usebenzisa unyango lwe-inhalation ye-insulin. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo: ukubetha okanye ukuphefumla nzima.

Gcina lonke ixesha lokudibana nogqirha wakho kunye nelabhoratri.

Ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti uya kukunika uxwebhu lolwazi lwesigulana lomenzi (Isikhokelo seyeza) xa uqala unyango nge-inhalation ye-insulin kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha ugcwalisa amayeza akho. Funda ulwazi ngononophelo kwaye ubuze ugqirha okanye usokhemesti ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo. Ungandwendwela iwebhusayithi yomenzi-mveliso ukuba ufumane isiKhokelo seyeza.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemingcipheko yokusebenzisa i-insulin inhalation.

Inhalation ye-insulin isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa ne-insulin esebenza ixesha elide ukunyanga uhlobo lweswekile (imeko apho umzimba ungayivelisi i-insulin kwaye ngenxa yoko ayinakho ukulawula ubungakanani beswekile egazini). Ikwasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo namanye amayeza ukunyanga abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 (imeko apho umzimba ungasebenzisi i-insulin ngesiqhelo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ayinakho ukulawula isixa seswekile esegazini) abafuna i-insulin ukulawula isifo seswekile. Ukuphefumla kwe-insulin akusetyenziswanga kunyango lwe-ketoacidosis yesifo seswekile (imeko enzima enokuthi ikhule ukuba iswekile ephezulu yegazi ayinyangwa). Inhalation ye-insulin yinkqubo emfutshane esebenza, eyenziwe ngumntu ye-insulin yomntu. Inhalation ye-insulin isebenza ngokufaka endaweni ye-insulin eqhelekileyo eveliswa ngumzimba nangokunceda ukuhambisa iswekile egazini iye kwezinye izicwili zomzimba apho isetyenziselwa khona amandla. Ikwanqanda isibindi ekuveliseni iswekile engaphezulu.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, abantu abanesifo seswekile kunye neswekile ephezulu yegazi banokuba neengxaki ezinzulu okanye ezisongela ubomi, kubandakanya isifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, iingxaki zezintso, ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kunye neengxaki zamehlo. Sebenzisa amayeza, ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (umzekelo, ukutya, ukwenza umthambo, ukuyeka ukutshaya), kunye nokujonga iswekile yegazi rhoqo kunokunceda ukulawula isifo seswekile kunye nokuphucula impilo yakho. Olu nyango lunokunciphisa amathuba akho okuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile ezinje ngokusilela kwezintso, ukulimala kwentliziyo (ukubindeka, imilenze ebandayo okanye iinyawo; ukunciphisa amandla ezesondo kumadoda nabasetyhini), iingxaki zamehlo, kubandakanya notshintsho okanye ukulahleka kombono, okanye isifo seentsini. Ugqirha wakho kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngempilo bayakuthetha nawe ngeyona ndlela yokulawula isifo sakho seswekile.

Inhalation ye-insulin iza njengomgubo wokuphefumla ngomlomo usebenzisa inhaler ekhethekileyo. Ihlala isetyenziswa ekuqaleni kwesidlo ngasinye. Landela izikhokelo kwileyibhile yakho yonyango ngononophelo, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ukuba achaze nayiphi na indawo ongayiqondiyo. Sebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin ngokuchanekileyo njengoko kuyalelwe. Sukuyisebenzisa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi okanye uyisebenzise rhoqo kunokuyalelwa ngugqirha.

Inhalation ye-insulin ilawula isifo seswekile, kodwa ayisinyangi. Qhubeka nokusebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin nokuba uziva uphilile. Sukuyeka ukusebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Musa ukutshintshela kolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin ungakhange uthethe nogqirha wakho.

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise i-insulin yomlomo nge-inhaler okokuqala, funda imiyalelo ebhaliweyo eza nayo. Jonga imizobo ngononophelo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uyawaqonda onke amalungu e-inhaler. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti akubonise indlela yokuyisebenzisa. Ziqhelise ukusebenzisa i-inhaler ngelixa ekho phambi kwakhe.

I-insulin inhalation powder iza njengekhatriji yokusebenzisa enye. Iikhatriji kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela nge-inhaler eza nonyango lwakho. Ungazami ukuvula iCartridge, ginya iCartridge, okanye uphefumle imixholo ngaphandle kwe-inhaler eza nonyango lwakho.

Emva kokuba ufake i-cartridge kwi-inhaler, gcina inhaler level kunye nomlomo omhlophe phezulu kunye nesiseko esimfusa emazantsi. Ukuba i-inhaler ibanjwe ijonge ezantsi, okanye ukuba umlomo ubhekisiwe phantsi, washukunyiswa, okanye wawa, ungalahlekelwa ngamayeza. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kuyakufuneka ubeke endaweni enye iCartridge entsha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inhaler.

Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nokuba zingaphi ii-cartridge ze-inhalation inhalation ekufuneka uzisebenzise suku ngalunye. Xa uqala ukusebenzisa i-insulin inhalation, ugqirha wakho unokufuna uhlengahlengiso lwamanye amayeza akho eswekile, njenge-insulin esebenza ixesha elide kunye namayeza omlomo weswekile. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukuba uhlengahlengise idosi yakho ye-insulin inhalation ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Landela le miyalelo ngononophelo kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo. Sukutshintsha idosi ye-insulin inhalation okanye naliphi na iyeza leswekile ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Eli yeza linokumiselwa ezinye izinto; buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin,

• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba ngaba uxabana ne-insulin (Apidra, Humulin, Lantus, Levemir, Novolog, abanye), nawaphi na amanye amayeza, okanye naziphi na izinto ezingasebenziyo kwi-inhalation ye-insulin. Buza usokhemesti wakho okanye ujonge isiKhokelo seyeza ukuze ufumane uluhlu lwezithako.
• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba yeyiphi na amayeza kagqirha kunye nalawo angabhaliswanga, iivithamini, izongezo zesondlo, kunye nemveliso yamayeza owathathayo okanye oceba ukuyithatha. Qiniseka ukuba ukhankanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo: albuterol (Proair HFA, Proventil, Ventolin, others); i-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors enjenge benazepril (Lotensin, eLotrel), enalapril (Vasotec, in Vaseretic), fosinopril, lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril, in Prinzide, in Zestoretic), quinapril (Accupril, i-ramipril (iAltace); abachasi be-angiotensin II (ii-angiotensin receptor blockers; ii-ARBs) ezinje nge-azilsartan (Edarbi), candesartan (Atacand, e-Atacand HCT), eprosartan (Teveten, eTeveten HCT), irbesartan (Avapro, eAvalide), losartan (Cozaar, e-Hyzaar) , olmesartan (Benicar, in Azor, in Benicar HCT, Trib Tribor), telmisartan (Micardis, Micardis HCT, Twynsta), nase valsartan (Diovan, eDiovan HCT, e Exforge HCT, abanye); ii-beta blockers ezinje nge-atenolol (Tenormin, kwi-Tenoretic), labetalol (Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL, eDutoprol, abanye), nadolol (Corgard, eCorzide), kunye nepropranolol (Hemangeol, Inderal, Innopran XL); clonidine (Catapres, Catapres-TTS, Kapvay, nabanye); i-clozapine (iClozaril, iFazaclo ODT, iVersacloz); idanazol; iDisopyramide (iNorpace, iNorpace CR); womchamo; fenofibrate (Lipofen, TriCor, Triglide); i-fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem, Selfemra, kwi-Symbyax); gemfibrozil (iLopid); I-HIV protease inhibitors kubandakanya atazanavir (Reyataz), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (eKaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept), ritonavir (Norvir, e Kaletra, e Viekira Pak), kunye ne saquinavir (Invirase); Unyango lwehormone; isoniazid (Laniazid, eRifamate, eRifater); lithium (Lithobid); amayeza esifuba, ingqele, ukugula ngengqondo, kunye nesicaphucaphu; i-monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, kubandakanya isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), kunye ne selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar); niacin; izinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo (iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa); amayeza omlomo weswekile afana ne-pioglitazone (Actos, e-Actoplus Met, e-Duetact, e-Oseni) okanye e-rosiglitazone (Avandia, e-Avandamet, e-Avandaryl); i-steroids yomlomo efana ne-dexamethasone, i-methylprednisolone (iMedrol), kunye ne-prednisone (iRayos); i-octreotide (iSandostatin); i-olanzapine (iZyprexa, iZydis, kwiSymbyax); amanye amayeza afunekayo; ipentamidine (NebuPent, Pentam); ipentoxifylline (Pentoxil); pramlintide (Symlin); iprotokyphene; gqithisela; iintlungu ze-salicylate ziyanceda njenge-aspirin; somatropin (Genotropin, Humatrope, Nutropin, abanye); isulfa antibiotics; iterbutaline; kunye namayeza e-thyroid. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha amayeza akho okanye akubeke esweni ngononophelo kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uneempawu zehypoglycemia (iswekile esezantsi yegazi). Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungathathi inhalation ye-insulin ukuba unale meko.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unentsholongwane okanye uyatshaya okanye uyekile ukutshaya kwezi nyanga zintandathu zidlulileyo. Kwakhona xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unawo okanye wawukhe waba nomhlaza wemiphunga, umonakalo wenzwa obangelwa sisifo seswekile, ukusilela kwentliziyo, okanye isifo sezintso okanye sesibindi.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe, cwangcisa ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa. Ukuba ukhulelwe ngelixa usebenzisa i-insulin inhalation, tsalela ugqirha wakho.
• ukuba wenza utyando, kubandakanya utyando lwamazinyo, xelela ugqirha okanye ugqirha wamazinyo ukuba usebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin.
• buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka ujonge kangaphi iswekile yegazi lakho. Qaphela ukuba iswekile esezantsi yegazi inokuchaphazela amandla akho okwenza imisebenzi enjengokuqhuba kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna ukukhangela iswekile yegazi ngaphambi kokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini.
• utywala kunokubangela utshintsho iswekile yegazi. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kotywala ngelixa usebenzisa i-insulin inhalation.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba wenzeni ukuba uyagula, uzuze okanye unciphise umzimba, ufumane uxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga, cwangcisa ukuhamba kwimimandla yexesha, okanye utshintshe umthambo okanye ishedyuli yomsebenzi. Olu tshintsho lunokuchaphazela ishedyuli yakho yedosi kunye nenani le-insulin oya kuyidinga.

Qiniseka ukuba ulandela yonke imithambo kunye nezincomo zokutya ezenziwe ngugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha otya ukutya. Kubalulekile ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokutya malunga nokulingana kweentlobo ezifanayo zokutya malunga namaxesha afanayo ngemini nganye. Ukutsiba okanye ukulibazisa ukutya okanye ukutshintsha inani okanye uhlobo lokutya okutyayo kunokubangela iingxaki kulawulo lweswekile yegazi.

Xa uqala ukusebenzisa inhalation ye-insulin, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba wenzeni ukuba uyalibala ukungenisa idosi ngexesha elichanekileyo. Bhala le miyalelo ukuze ubhekise kuyo kamva.

Eli yeza linokubangela utshintsho kwiswekile yegazi lakho. Kuya kufuneka uyazi iimpawu zeswekile esezantsi kunye ephezulu yegazi kwaye wenzeni ukuba unayo le miqondiso.

Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwi-insulin kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:

• ukukhohlela
• umqala obuhlungu okanye ukucaphuka
• ukudinwa
• urhudo
• isicaphucaphu
• intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuchama okubuhlungu, nokutsha
• ukutyeba kwakho

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu okanye ezo zidweliswe kwicandelo LESILUMKISO ESIBALULEKILEYO, tsalela umnxeba kwangoko okanye ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo:

• irhashalala okanye ukurhawuzelela
• urhwebo
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• ukubila
• kunzima ukugwinya
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudumba kweengalo, izandla, iinyawo, amaqatha okanye imilenze esezantsi
• ukukhawuleza ukutyeba
• Ukozela kakhulu
• ukudideka
• isiyezi

Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwi-insulin kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ube nomhlaza wemiphunga. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemingcipheko yokusebenzisa i-insulin inhalation.

Ukuphefumla kwe-insulin kunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki engaqhelekanga ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza.

Ukuba uhlangabezana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu, wena okanye ugqirha wakho ungathumela ingxelo kwiNkqubo yoKutya kunye nezoLawulo (i-FDA) yeMedWatch yeNkqubo yokuNgxelo ngezeMeko eziGwenxa kwi-Intanethi (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) okanye ngomnxeba ( 1-800-332-1088).

Gcina la mayeza kwisikhenkcisi, kwisitya esangena, sivalekile, kwaye singekho kufikelela ebantwaneni. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, susa iikhatriji kwifriji kwaye ugcine kubushushu begumbi imizuzu eli-10. Amayeza angavulwanga anokugcinwa kubushushu begumbi ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10. Nje ukuba ivulwe, sebenzisa iziqwengana zebhlorri yeblister ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezintathu xa zigcinwe kubushushu begumbi. Sebenzisa i-inhaler ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-15 ukusukela kusuku lokuqala lokusetyenziswa, emva koko uyilahle kwaye uyitshintshe nge-inhaler entsha. Ungaze uhlambe inhaler; yigcine yomile.

Amayeza angafunekiyo kufuneka achithwe ngeendlela ezizodwa zokuqinisekisa ukuba izilwanyana zasekhaya, abantwana kunye nabanye abantu abanakuzisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, akufuneki uligungxule eli yeza kwindlu yangasese. Endaweni yoko, eyona ndlela yokulahla amayeza akho yinkqubo yokubuyisa amayeza. Thetha kumayeza wakho okanye unxibelelane nesebe lakho lenkunkuma / lokurisayikilisha ukuze ufunde malunga neenkqubo zokubuyisa kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Jonga i-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ngolwazi oluthe kratya ukuba awunakho ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokubuyisa.

Kubalulekile ukugcina onke amayeza ngaphandle kwamehlo kunye nokufikelela kwabantwana njengezikhongozeli ezininzi (ezinje ngeeveki zeepilisi zeveki kunye nezo zamehlo, iikhrim, iipatches, kunye ne-inhalers) azinyangeki kwaye abantwana abancinci banokuzivula ngokulula. Ukukhusela abantwana abancinci kwiityhefu, soloko ukhiya iminqwazi yokhuseleko kwaye ubeke amayeza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo-leyo iphakame kwaye iphakame kwaye ingabonakali kubo kwaye ifikelele kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Kwimeko yokugqithisa, fowunela umnxeba wolawulo lwetyhefu kwi-1-800-222-1222. Ulwazi lukwafumaneka kwi-Intanethi kwi-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Ukuba ixhoba liye lawa, laxhuzula, linengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye alikwazi ukuvuswa, ngoko nangoko lifowunele iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngo-911.

I-insulin inhalation overdose inokwenzeka ukuba uthatha kakhulu inhalation ye-insulin okanye ukuba uthatha inani elifanelekileyo le-inhalation ye-insulin kodwa utye okanye wenze umthambo ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo. I-insulin inhalation overdose inokubangela i-hypoglycemia. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu ye-hypoglycemia, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wento omele uyenze xa ukhulisa i-hypoglycemia. Ezinye iimpawu libanda:

• ukulahleka kwengqondo
• ukuxhuzula

Iswekile yegazi lakho kunye ne-hemoglobin eglycosylated (HbA1c) kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukumisela impendulo yakho kwi-insulin inhalation. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela nendlela yokujonga impendulo yakho kwi-insulin ngokulinganisa igazi okanye umchamo wamanqanaba eswekile ekhaya. Landela le miyalelo ngononophelo.

Musa ukuvumela omnye umntu asebenzise amayeza akho. Buza usokhemesti wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nokuzalisa amayeza akho.

Kubalulekile ukuba ugcine uluhlu olubhaliweyo lwawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinjengeevithamini, iiminerali, okanye ezinye izongezo zokutya. Kuya kufuneka uze nolu luhlu qho xa undwendwela ugqirha okanye ungeniswe esibhedlele. Kukwabalulekile ulwazi ukuba uphathe nawe xa kukho imeko kaxakeka.

• Afrezza^®