IPhenytoin

Umxholo

• Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-phenytoin,
• IPhenytoin inokubangela ukonyuka kweswekile egazini. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu zeswekile ephezulu yegazi kunye nokuba wenzeni ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu.
• IPhenytoin inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo okanye ezo zidweliswe kwiCandelo LOKUKHUSELWA OKUQHELEKILEYO, tsalela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza:
• Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yeka ukuthatha iphenytoin kwaye ubize ugqirha wakho:
• Iimpawu libanda kungaquka oku kulandelayo:

IPhenytoin isetyenziselwa ukulawula uhlobo oluthile lokubanjwa, kunye nokunyanga nokuthintela ukuxhuzula okunokuqala ngexesha okanye emva kotyando kwingqondo okanye kwinkqubo yeemvakalelo. I-Phenytoin ikudidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-anticonvulsants. Isebenza ngokunciphisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga zombane kwingqondo.

I-Phenytoin iza njenge-capsule ekhulisiweyo (esebenza ixesha elide), ithebhulethi ehlafunwayo, kunye nokumiswa (ulwelo) ukuthatha ngomlomo. Ithebhulethi ehlafunwayo kunye nokumiswa kuhlala kuthathwa kabini okanye kathathu ngemini. Iicapsules ezikhutshiweyo ezandisiweyo zihlala zithathwa kube kanye ukuya kwesine ngosuku. Thatha i-phenytoin malunga nexesha elifanayo (ii) yonke imihla. Landela izikhokelo kwileyibhile yakho yonyango ngononophelo, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ukuba achaze nayiphi na indawo ongayiqondiyo. Thatha i-phenytoin ngokuchanekileyo njengoko kuyalelwe. Musa ukuthatha ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwayo okanye uthathe rhoqo kunokuba umiselwe ngugqirha wakho.

Ugqirha wakho uyakukuqala ngethamo eliphantsi le-phenytoin kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe unyuse idosi yakho, hayi rhoqo rhoqo kube kanye kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10.

Iimveliso ze-phenytoin ezahlukileyo zifunxwa ngumzimba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye azinakufakwa endaweni yazo. Ukuba ufuna ukutshintshela kwenye imveliso ye-phenytoin uye kwenye, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukulungelelanisa idosi yakho. Ngalo lonke ixesha ufumana amayeza akho, jonga ukuba uqinisekile ukuba uyifumene imveliso ye-phenytoin obumiselwe yona. Buza usokhemesti wakho ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ufumene amayeza afanelekileyo.

Hlanganisa ulwelo kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise nganye ukuxuba amayeza ngokulinganayo. Sebenzisa isixhobo sokulinganisa esichanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana inani elifanelekileyo lamayeza. Buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nendlela yokulinganisa idosi yakho.

Ginya zonke iipilisi ezikhutshiweyo; ungahluleli, ungahlaleli, okanye uzityumze. Musa ukuthatha njengezingxobo ukuba ibala.

Ungawahlafuna amacwecwe ahlafunwayo kakuhle ngaphambi kokuwaginya, okanye ungawaginya ngaphandle kokuhlafuna.

Ukuba ufumana ifomula okanye izongezo ngombhobho wokutya, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kufanelekile nini ukuthatha iphenytoin. Kuya kufuneka uvumele ixesha elithile phakathi kokufumana ukutya kwakho kunye nokuthatha i-phenytoin.

IPhenytoin inokukunceda ukulawula imeko yakho kodwa ayizukuyinyanga. Qhubeka uthathe i-phenytoin nokuba uziva uphilile. Sukuyeka ukuthatha i-phenytoin ungakhange uthethe nogqirha wakho, nokuba ngaba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngotshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwindlela oziphethe ngayo okanye kwimood. Ukuba ngequbuliso uyeka ukuthatha i-phenytoin, ukuxhuzula kwakho kunokuba mandundu. Ugqirha wakho uya kunciphisa umthamo wakho ngokuthe ngcembe.

IPhenytoin ikwasetyenziselwa ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi zokusebenzisa eli yeza kwimeko yakho.

Eli yeza linokumiselwa ezinye izinto; buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti ngolwazi oluthe kratya.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-phenytoin,

• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba ngaba uxabana ne-phenytoin, amanye amayeza e-hydantoin anje nge ethotoin (Peganone) okanye fosphenytoin (Cerebyx), nawaphi na amanye amayeza, okanye naziphi na izithako ze phenytoin. Buza usokhemesti wakho uluhlu lwezithako.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha i-delavirdine (Rescriptor). Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungathathi i-phenytoin ukuba uthatha eli yeza.
• xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ukuba yeyiphi na amayeza kagqirha kunye nalawo angabhaliswanga, iivithamini, izongezo zesondlo, kunye nemveliso yamayeza owathathayo okanye oceba ukuyithatha. Qiniseka ukuba ukhankanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo: albendazole (Albenza); amiodarone (Nexterone, iPacerone); ii-anticoagulants (’izinciphisi zegazi’) ezifana ne-warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven); amayeza antifungal anjenge fluconazole (Diflucan), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox, Tolsura), miconazole (Oravig), posaconazole (Noxafil), kunye ne voriconazole (Vfend); ii-antivirals ezithile ezifana ne-efavirenz (Sustiva, e-Atripla), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (e-Kaletra), nelfinavir (Viracept), ritonavir (Norvir, e-Kaletra), kunye ne-saquinavir (i-Invirase); iBleomycin; capecitabine (Xeloda); icarboplatin; ichloramphenicol; chlordiazepoxide (Librium, kwiLibrax); amayeza e-cholesterol afana ne-atorvastatin (Lipitor, eCaduet), fluvastatin (Lescol), kunye ne-simvastatin (iZocor, eVytorin); icisisplatin; clozapine (Fazaclo, Versacloz); icyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune); diazepam (Valium); diazoxide (Proglycem); idigoxin (Lanoxin); iDisopyramide (iNorpace); disulfiram (Antabuse); doxorubicin (Doxil); doxycycline (Acticlate, Doryx, Monodox, Oracea, Vibramycin); fluorouracil; i-fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem, kwi-Symbyax, nabanye); i-fluvoxamine (iLuvox); ifolic acid; fosamprenavir (iLexiva); i-furosemide (iLasix); H₂ abachasi abafana ne-cimetidine (Tagamet), i-famotidine (i-Pepcid), i-nizatidine (i-Axid), kunye ne-ranitidine (i-Zantac); izinto zokucwangcisa zehomoni (iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa, iipatches, iiringi, okanye inaliti); Unyango lwehomoni (HRT); irinotecan (Camptosar); isoniazid (Laniazid, eRifamate, eRifater); amayeza okugula ngengqondo kunye nesicaphucaphu; amanye amayeza okubanjwa njenge carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Equetro, Tegretol, abanye), ethosuximide (Zarontin), felbamate (Felbatol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), methsuximide (Celontin), oxcarbazepine (Trilepta, Oxtellar XR), phenobate ), kunye ne-valproic acid (iDepakene); imethadone (iDolophine, iMethadose); imethotrexate (Otrexup, Rasuvo, Trexall, Xatmep); imethylphenidate (Daytrana, Concerta, Metadate, Ritalin); imeyilethi; i-nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), nimodipine (Nymalize), nisoldipine (Sular); omeprazole (Prilosec); i-steroids yomlomo efana ne-dexamethasone, i-methylprednisolone (Medrol), i-prednisolone, kunye ne-prednisone (iRayos); iPaclitaxel (Abraxane, iTaxol); paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva); ipraziquantel (iBiltricide); iquetiapine (iSeroquel); quinidine (kwiNuedexta); gqithisela; irifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane, eRifamate, eRifater); iintlungu ze-salicylate ziyancipha njenge-aspirin, i-choline magnesium trisalicylate, i-choline salicylate, i-diflunisal, i-magnesium salicylate (Doan's, abanye), kunye ne-salsalate; i-sertraline (iZoloft); I-sucralfate (iKarafate); isulfa antibiotics; teniposide; i-theophylline (i-Elixophyllin, i-Theo-24, iTochron); ticlopidine; itolbutamide; ithenda i-verapamil (Calan, Verelan, eTarka); i-vigabatrin (iSabril); kunye novithamini D. Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha amayeza akho okanye akujonge ngononophelo kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha ii-antacids eziqukethe i-calcium, i-magnesium, okanye i-aluminium (Maalox, Mylanta, Tums, nabanye). Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ukuba uvumele ixesha elithile ukuba lidlule phakathi kokuthatha i-antacid kunye nokuthatha i-phenytoin.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iimveliso zemithi ozithathayo, ngakumbi iSt John's wort.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba wakhe wakha ingxaki yesibindi ngelixa uthatha i-phenytoin. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungathathi i-phenytoin kwakhona.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyasela okanye wakha wasela izixa ezikhulu zotywala. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uye kuvavanywa elebhu okuchazileyo ukuba unobungozi obuzuzwe njengelifa obenza ukuba kube lula ukuba ube nokusabela kwesikhumba kwi-phenytoin. Kwakhona xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhe wakha unesifo seswekile; i-porphyria (imeko apho izinto ezithile zendalo zakha emzimbeni kwaye zinokubangela iintlungu zesisu, utshintsho kwindlela ocinga ngayo okanye ekuziphatheni, okanye ezinye iimpawu); i-osteopenia, i-osteomalacia, okanye i-osteoporosis (iimeko apho amathambo athambile okanye aphuke kwaye anokuqhekeka ngokulula); amanqanaba asezantsi e-albin egazini lakho; okanye intliziyo, isifo sezintso okanye isibindi.
• xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe, cwangcisa ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa. Akufanele ukhulelwe ngelixa uthatha i-phenytoin. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela ezifanelekileyo zolawulo lokuzalwa onokuzisebenzisa ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Ukuba ukhulelwa ngelixa uthatha i-phenytoin, tsalela ugqirha wakho. I-Phenytoin inokulimaza umbungu.
• ukuba wenza utyando, kubandakanya utyando lwamazinyo, xelela ugqirha okanye ugqirha wamazinyo ukuba uthatha iphenytoin.
• Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba eli yeza linokubangela isiyezi, ukozela, kunye neengxaki ngokulungelelanisa. Musa ukuqhuba imoto okanye usebenzise oomatshini de ube uyazi indlela elikuchaphazela ngayo eli yeza.
• thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo kotywala ngelixa uthatha eli yeza.
• Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba impilo yakho yengqondo inokutshintsha ngeendlela ezingalindelekanga kwaye ungazibulala (ucinga ngokuzonzakalisa okanye ukuzibulala okanye ukucwangcisa okanye ukuzama ukwenza njalo) ngelixa uthatha iphenytoin. Inani elincinci labantu abadala kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ubudala nangaphezulu (malunga ne-1 kubantu abangama-500) abathathe ii-anticonvulsants ezinje nge-phenytoin ukunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lezifundo zeklinikhi bazibulala ngexesha lonyango lwabo. Abanye baba bantu bakhulise iingcinga zokuzibulala kunye nokuziphatha kwiveki nje enye emva kokuba beqalisile ukuthatha amayeza. Kukho umngcipheko wokuba unokufumana utshintsho kwimpilo yakho yengqondo ukuba uthatha iyeza le-anticonvulsant efana ne-phenytoin, kodwa kusenokubakho umngcipheko wokuba uya kufumana utshintsho kwimpilo yakho yengqondo ukuba imeko yakho ayinyangwa. Wena kunye nogqirha wakho niya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngaba ingozi yokuthatha iyeza le-anticonvulsant inkulu kuneengozi zokungawasebenzisi amayeza. Wena, usapho lwakho, okanye umntu omkhathalelayo kufuneka ubize ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo: uloyiko; ukuphazamiseka okanye ukungazinzi; okutsha okanye ukuhla kokucaphuka, uxinzelelo, okanye uxinzelelo; ukwenza izinto eziyingozi; ubunzima bokuwa okanye ukulala; ndlongondlongo, umsindo okanye ubundlobongela; i-mania (i-frenzied, i-mood engaqhelekanga) ukuthetha okanye ukucinga ngokufuna ukuzenzakalisa okanye ukuzibulala; Ukurhoxa kubahlobo nakusapho; ukuxakeka kukufa nokufa; ukuphisa ngezinto ezixabisekileyo; okanye naluphi na olunye utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwindlela oziphethe ngayo okanye kwimood. Qiniseka ukuba usapho lwakho okanye umntu okhathalelayo uyazi ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezinokuba nobuzaza ukuze babize ugqirha ukuba awukwazi ukuzifunela unyango ngokwakho.
• thetha nogqirha wakho ngeyona ndlela yokunyamekela amazinyo akho, iintsini, kunye nomlomo ngexesha lonyango lwakho nge phenytoin. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukhathalele umlomo wakho ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo weentsini obangelwa yi-phenytoin.

Ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho akuxelele ngenye indlela, qhubeka nokutya okuqhelekileyo.

Thatha idosi ephosiweyo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uyikhumbule. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba phantse lixesha ledosi elandelayo, tsiba idosi ephosiweyo kwaye uqhubeke neshedyuli yakho yethamo eqhelekileyo. Sukuthatha idosi ephindwe kabini ukwenza eyilahlekileyo.

IPhenytoin inokubangela ukonyuka kweswekile egazini. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neempawu zeswekile ephezulu yegazi kunye nokuba wenzeni ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu.

IPhenytoin inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ngaba ezinye zeempawu zinzima okanye azihambi:

• ubunzima bokulala okanye ukulala
• iintshukumo zamehlo ezingalawulekiyo
• iintshukumo zomzimba ezingaqhelekanga
• ukulahleka koququzelelo
• ukudideka
• intetho engacacanga
• intloko ebuhlungu
• utshintsho kwindlela yakho yokunambitha
• ukuqhina
• ukukhula kweenwele okungafunekiyo
• Ukuqaqamba kweempawu zobuso
• ukwandiswa kwemilebe
• ukugqithisa kweentsini
• iintlungu okanye ukugoba kwelungu lobudoda

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo okanye ezo zidweliswe kwiCandelo LOKUKHUSELWA OKUQHELEKILEYO, tsalela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza:

• amadlala adumbileyo
• amadyungudyungu
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• mthubi ulusu okanye amehlo
• iintlungu kwindawo ephezulu yesisu
• ukudinwa kakhulu
• ukugruzuka okanye ukopha okungaqhelekanga
• amabala amancinci abomvu okanye amfusa eluswini
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• umkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, irhashalala, izilonda emlonyeni, okanye ukugruzuka ngokulula, okanye ukudumba kobuso
• isiyezi, ukudinwa, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okanye iintlungu esifubeni
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• urhwebo

Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzulu. Ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, yeka ukuthatha iphenytoin kwaye ubize ugqirha wakho:

• ukudumba kobuso, amehlo, umqala, ulwimi, okanye imilebe
• ubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla

IPhenytoin inokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki engaqhelekanga ngelixa uthatha eli yeza.

Ukuba uhlangabezana neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu, wena okanye ugqirha wakho ungathumela ingxelo kwiNkqubo yoKutya kunye nezoLawulo (i-FDA) yeMedWatch yeNkqubo yokuNgxelo ngezeMeko eziGwenxa kwi-Intanethi (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) okanye ngomnxeba ( 1-800-332-1088).

Ukuthatha i-phenytoin kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba uphuhlise i-osteopenia, i-osteoporosis, okanye i-osteomalacia kunye neengxaki ze-lymph nodes ezibandakanya isifo sikaHodgkin (umhlaza oqala kwinkqubo ye-lymph). Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi zokusebenzisa eli yeza ukunyanga imeko yakho.

Gcina eli yeza kwisikhongozeli lifikile, livalekile, kwaye alifumaneki ebantwaneni. Yigcine kubushushu begumbi, kude nokukhanya kunye nobushushu obungaphezulu kunye nobumanzi (hayi kwigumbi lokuhlambela). Musa ukumisa ubumanzi kulwelo.

Kubalulekile ukugcina onke amayeza ngaphandle kwamehlo kunye nokufikelela kwabantwana njengezikhongozeli ezininzi (ezinje ngeeveki zeepilisi zeveki kunye nezo zamehlo, iikhrim, iipatches, kunye ne-inhalers) azinyangeki kwaye abantwana abancinci banokuzivula ngokulula. Ukukhusela abantwana abancinci kwiityhefu, soloko ukhiya iminqwazi yokhuseleko kwaye ubeke amayeza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo-leyo iphakame kwaye iphakame kwaye ingabonakali kubo kwaye ifikelele kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Amayeza angafunekiyo kufuneka achithwe ngeendlela ezizodwa zokuqinisekisa ukuba izilwanyana zasekhaya, abantwana kunye nabanye abantu abanakuzisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, akufuneki uligungxule eli yeza kwindlu yangasese. Endaweni yoko, eyona ndlela yokulahla amayeza akho yinkqubo yokubuyisa amayeza. Thetha kumayeza wakho okanye unxibelelane nesebe lakho lenkunkuma / lokurisayikilisha ukuze ufunde malunga neenkqubo zokubuyisa kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Jonga i-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ngolwazi oluthe kratya ukuba awunakho ukufikelela kwinkqubo yokubuyisa.

Kwimeko yokugqithisa, fowunela umnxeba wolawulo lwetyhefu kwi-1-800-222-1222. Ulwazi lukwafumaneka kwi-Intanethi kwi-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Ukuba ixhoba liye lawa, laxhuzula, linengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye alikwazi ukuvuswa, ngoko nangoko lifowunele iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngo-911.

Iimpawu libanda kungaquka oku kulandelayo:

• iintshukumo zamehlo ezingalawulekiyo
• ukulahleka koququzelelo
• intetho ecothayo okanye engacacanga
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• ukudinwa
• ukushukuma okungalawulekiyo kwilungu lomzimba
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• isiqaqa (ukulahleka kwengqondo ixesha elithile)
• isiyezi, ukudinwa, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okanye iintlungu esifubeni
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Gcina lonke ixesha lokudibana nogqirha wakho kunye nelabhoratri. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezithile zebhu ukujonga impendulo yakho kwi-phenytoin.

Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanywe elebhu, xelela ugqirha wakho kunye nabasebenzi baselebhu ukuba uthatha iphenytoin.

Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba athathe amayeza akho. Buza usokhemesti wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nokuzalisa amayeza akho.

Kubalulekile ukuba ugcine uluhlu olubhaliweyo lwawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinjengeevithamini, iiminerali, okanye ezinye izongezo zokutya. Kuya kufuneka uze nolu luhlu qho xa undwendwela ugqirha okanye ungeniswe esibhedlele. Kukwabalulekile ulwazi ukuba uphathe nawe xa kukho imeko kaxakeka.

• Dilantin^®
• IPhenytek^®