Achalasia: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Oonobangela beAchalasia
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Njani na isifo
• Unyango lwe-Achalasia

I-Achalasia sisifo somqala esibonakaliswa kukungabikho kweentshukumo ze-peristaltic ezityhala ukutya kungena esiswini kunye nokunciphisa i-esophageal sphincter, ebangela ubunzima ekuginyeni iziqina kunye nolwelo, ukukhwehlela ebusuku kunye nokwehla kobunzima, umzekelo.

Esi sifo sinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, nangona kunjalo siqhelekile phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nama-40 kwaye sinenkqubela phambili ngokuthe ngcembe kule minyaka idlulileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba i-achalasia ichongwe kwaye inyangwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze iingxaki ezinje ngokuswela ukutya, iingxaki zokuphefumla kunye nomhlaza wesifo ungaphetshwa.

Oonobangela beAchalasia

I-Achalasia yenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwimithambo-luvo engaginyisi mathe imisipha yokuqaqamba, ekhokelela ekwehleni okanye ekungabikho kwemisipha yeethambo evumela ukutya.

I-Achalasia ayinaso isizathu esizinzileyo, nangona kunjalo kukholelwa ukuba kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezizimele kunye nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Ukongeza, iimeko ze-achalasia ngenxa yesifo se-Chagas ngenxa yokonakala kunye nokuqhekeka kwemithambo-luvo ebangelwa I-Trypanosoma cruzi, esisifo esosulelayo esijongene nesifo sikaChagas.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-achalasia zezi:

• Kunzima ukuginya izinto eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo;
• Iintlungu zesifuba;
• I-reflux yesisu;
• Ukukhwehlela ebusuku;
• Usulelo lomoya;
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla.

Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuthoba ubunzima ngenxa yokutya kancinci kunye nobunzima bokukhupha i-esophagus.

Njani na isifo

Ukuchongwa kwe-achalasia kwenziwa ngugastroenterologist okanye ugqirha ngokubanzi ngokuhlalutya iimpawu kunye nokujonga isophagus ngovavanyo oluthile, olufana ne-endoscopy ephezulu yokugaya ukutya, i-radiografi ngokuchaseneyo nomqala, isisu kunye ne-duodenum, kunye ne-esophageal manometry.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza i-biopsy ukujonga ukuba ngaba iimpawu ezizisiweyo zinxulumene nomhlaza okanye ezinye izifo. Uvavanyo oluceliweyo alusetyenziswanga kuphela ukugqiba ukufumanisa isifo kodwa kwanokuchaza ubungqongqo besifo, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha aseke unyango.

Unyango lwe-Achalasia

Unyango lwe-achalasia lujolise ekwandiseni i-esophagus ukuvumela ukutya kudlule ngokufanelekileyo kwisisu. Kule nto, ezinye iindlela zisetyenziswa, njengokugcwalisa ibhaluni ngaphakathi komqala ukongeza ngokusisigxina iinyanda zemisipha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nitroglycerin kunye ne-calcium blockers ngaphambi kokutya, okunceda ukukhulula i-sphincter kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu.

Utyando olusetyenzisiweyo kolu nyango luquka ukusika imisipha yemisipha ye-esophagus, kwaye ngaphandle kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kubonisiwe njengeyona ndlela isebenzayo kunyango lwe-achalasia.