Polymyositis: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Uyintoni umahluko phakathi kwepolymyositis kunye nedermatomyositis?
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Polymyositis sisifo esinqabileyo, esingapheliyo kunye nesifo esiqhekezayo esibonakaliswa kukudumba okuqhubekayo kwezihlunu, kubangela iintlungu, ubuthathaka kunye nobunzima bokwenza iintshukumo. Ukudumba kuhlala kwenzeka kwimisipha enxulumene nesiqu, oko kukuthi, kunokubakho ukubandakanyeka kwentamo, ihips, umqolo, amathanga kunye namagxa, umzekelo.

Unobangela ophambili we-polymyositis zizifo ezisebenza ngokuzikhusela komzimba, apho amajoni omzimba aqala ukuhlasela umzimba ngokwawo, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, scleroderma kunye ne-Sjögren's syndrome, umzekelo. Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kwaye ngesiqhelo isifo sifunyanwa phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60, kwaye i-polymyositis inqabile ebantwaneni.

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngokusekwe kuvavanyo lweempawu zomntu kunye nembali yosapho, kwaye unyango luhlala lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezikhuselayo kunye nonyango lomzimba.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-polymyositis zinxulumene nokuvuvukala kwezihlunu kwaye zezi:

• Intlungu edibeneyo;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha;
• Buthathaka kwezihlunu;
• Ukudinwa;
• Kunzima ukwenza iintshukumo ezilula, ezinje ngokuvuka esihlalweni okanye ukubeka ingalo yakho phezu kwentloko yakho;
• Ukuhla ukusinda;
• Ifiva;
• Utshintsho lombala kumnwe, obizwa ngokuba sisifo sikaRaynaud okanye isifo.

Abanye abantu abane-polymyositis banokuthi bathathe inxaxheba kwi-esophagus okanye imiphunga, okukhokelela ekubeni kube nzima ukugwinya nokuphefumla, ngokulandelanayo.

Ukudumba kuhlala kwenzeka kumacala omabini omzimba kwaye, ukuba uyekwe unganyangwa, kunokubangela ukuba izihlunu ziyeke. Ke ngoko, xa uchonga naziphi na iimpawu, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha ukuze uxilongo lwenziwe kwaye kuqalwe ngonyango.

Uyintoni umahluko phakathi kwepolymyositis kunye nedermatomyositis?

Njenge-polymyositis, i-dermatomyositis ikwayi-myopathy yokuvuvukala, oko kukuthi, isifo esinganyangekiyo esiqhekezayo esibonakala kukudumba kwezihlunu. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza ekubandakanyekeni kwezihlunu, kwi-dermatomyositis kukho ukubonakala kwezilonda kulusu, ezinje ngamabala abomvu eluswini, ngakumbi kumalungu eminwe nasemadolweni, ukongeza ukudumba kunye nokuba bomvu okujikeleze amehlo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nedermatomyositis.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Uxilongo lwenziwa ngokwembali yosapho kunye neempawu thaca ngumntu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ugqirha unokucela i-biopsy ye-muscle okanye uvavanyo olukwazi ukuvavanya umsebenzi we-muscle ukusuka ekusebenziseni imisinga yombane, i-electromyography. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-electromyography kwaye xa ifuneka.

Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwebhayoloji olunokuvavanya ukusebenza kwemisipha, njenge-myoglobin kunye ne-creatinophosphokinase okanye i-CPK, umzekelo, inoku-odolwa. Qonda ukuba lwenziwa njani uviwo lwe-CPK.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-polymyositis lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu, kuba esi sifo singanyangekiyo singanyangekiyo.Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza e-corticosteroid, anje ngePrednisone, kunokucetyiswa ngugqirha ukuba aphelise iintlungu kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba kwemisipha, ukongeza kwii-immunosuppressants, ezinje ngeMethotrexate kunye neCyclophosphamide, umzekelo, ngenjongo yokunciphisa ukuphendula komzimba. umzimba ngokwawo.

Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze unyango ngokwasemzimbeni ukubuyisa iintshukumo kunye nokuthintela i-atrophy yemisipha, kuba kwi-polymyositis izihlunu zibuthathaka, zisenza nzima ukwenza iintshukumo ezilula, njengokubeka isandla entlokweni, umzekelo.

Ukuba kukho ukubandakanyeka kwezihlunu zokuxhaxha, ezibangela ubunzima ekuginyeni, kusenokubonakaliswa ukuba uye kunyangi.