Acidosis

Umxholo

• Oonobangela acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumla
• I-metosis acidosis
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Iimpawu ze-acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumla
• I-metosis acidosis
• Uvavanyo kunye noxilongo
• Unyango lwe-acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumla
• I-metosis acidosis
• Iingxaki
• Uthintelo lwe-Acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumla
• I-metosis acidosis
• Umbono we-Acidosis

Yintoni iacidiosis?

Xa ulwelo lomzimba wakho luqukethe i-asidi eninzi, yaziwa ngokuba yi-acidosis. I-Acidosis yenzeka xa izintso zakho kunye nemiphunga zingakwazi ukugcina i-pH yomzimba wakho ibhalansi. Iinkqubo ezininzi zomzimba zivelisa iasidi. Imiphunga yakho kunye neentso zihlala zihlawula ukungalingani kwe-pH encinci, kodwa iingxaki ngala malungu zingakhokelela ekubeni i-asidi engaphezulu iqokelele emzimbeni wakho.

Ubumuncu begazi lakho bulinganiswa ngokumisela i-pH yayo. I-pH esezantsi ithetha ukuba igazi lakho line-asidi ngakumbi, ngelixa i-pH ephezulu ithetha ukuba igazi lakho lisisiseko. I-pH yegazi lakho kufuneka ibe malunga ne-7.4. Ngokwe-American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), i-acidosis ibonakaliswa yi-pH ye-7.35 okanye esezantsi. I-Alkalosis ibonakaliswe kwinqanaba le-pH eli-7.45 okanye ngaphezulu. Ngelixa libonakala lincinci, lo mahluko manani unokuba mbi. I-Acidosis inokukhokelela kwimicimbi emininzi yempilo, kwaye inokuba semngciphekweni wobomi.

Oonobangela acidosis

Zimbini iintlobo zeasidi, nganye kuzo inezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Uhlobo lwe-acidosis lubekwa ngokwe-asosis yokuphefumla okanye i-metabolic acidosis, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuqala se-acidosis yakho.

I-acidosis yokuphefumla

Ukuphefumla i-acidosis kwenzeka xa i-CO2 ininzi emzimbeni. Ngokwesiqhelo, imiphunga isusa i-CO2 xa uphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha umzimba wakho awunakho ukulahla i-CO2 eyaneleyo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa:

• iimeko ezingapheliyo zomoya, njenge-asthma
• ukwenzakala esifubeni
• ukutyeba kakhulu, okunokwenza ukuphefumla kube nzima
• ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kokuthomalalisa
• utywala obuninzi
• buthathaka kwezihlunu esifubeni
• iingxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo
• Isakhiwo esifubeni esonakeleyo

I-metosis acidosis

I-Metabolic acidosis iqala kwizintso endaweni yemiphunga. Kwenzeka xa bengenako ukuphelisa i-asidi eyaneleyo okanye xa belahla isiseko esininzi. Zintathu iindlela eziphambili ze-metosis acidosis:

• Isifo seswekile kwenzeka kubantu abanesifo seswekile esingalawulwa kakuhle. Ukuba umzimba wakho awunayo i-insulin eyaneleyo, ii-ketone ziyakha emzimbeni wakho kwaye zenze i-asidi yegazi lakho lisebenze.
• I-Hyperchloremic acidosis Iziphumo zokulahleka kwesodium bicarbonate. Esi siseko sinceda ukugcina igazi lingathathi cala. Zombini urhudo kunye nokugabha kunokubangela olu hlobo lwe-acidosis.
• Lactic acidosis kwenzeka xa kukho i-lactic acid eninzi emzimbeni wakho. Izizathu zinokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kotywala okungapheliyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo, umhlaza, ukuxhuzula, ukusilela kwesibindi, ukungabikho kweoksijini ixesha elide, kunye neswekile esezantsi yegazi. Nokuba umthambo ixesha elide ungakhokelela ekwakhiweni kwe-asidi ye-lactic.
• I-acidal tubular acidosis kwenzeka xa izintso zingakwazi ukukhupha ii-asidi kumchamo. Oku kubangela ukuba igazi libe neasidi.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Izinto ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kumngcipheko we-acidosis zibandakanya:

• ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu aphantsi kwii-carbohydrate
• ukusilela kwezintso
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• i-aspirin okanye i-methanol yetyhefu
• isifo seswekile

Iimpawu ze-acidosis

Zombini iindlela zokuphefumla kunye ne-metabolic acidosis zabelana ngeempawu ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ze-acidosis ziyahluka ngokusekwe kunobangela.

I-acidosis yokuphefumla

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zokuphefumla i-acidosis zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• ukudinwa okanye ukozela
• ukudinwa ngokulula
• ukudideka
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukozela
• intloko ebuhlungu

I-metosis acidosis

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-metabolic acidosis zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza nangaphantsi
• ukudideka
• ukudinwa
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukozela
• ukungabikho komdla
• inyongo
• ukwanda kwentliziyo
• umphefumlo onuka iziqhamo, ongumqondiso wesifo seswekile (ketoacidosis)

Uvavanyo kunye noxilongo

Ukuba ucinga unokuba uneasidi, yiya kugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu ekuphulukeni kwakho.

Oogqirha bafumanisa i-acidosis ngothotho lweemvavanyo zegazi. Igazi legazi elijongiweyo lijonga amanqanaba eoksijini kunye nekhabhon diokside egazini lakho. Ikwabonisa ngegazi lakho i-pH. Iphaneli esisiseko ye-metabolic ihlola ukusebenza kwakho kwezintso kunye ne-pH yakho eseleyo. Ikwalinganisa ikhalsiyam, iproteni, iswekile yegazi kunye namanqanaba e-electrolyte. Ukuba ngaba olu vavanyo luthathwa kunye, banokuchonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-acidosis.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-acidosis yokuphefumla, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukujonga impilo yemiphunga yakho. Oku kunokubandakanya i-X-ray yesifuba okanye uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-pulmonary.

Ukuba kurhanelwa i-acidosis, kuya kufuneka unike isampuli yomchamo. Oogqirha baya kujonga i-pH ukubona ukuba ususa ngokufanelekileyo iiasidi kunye neziseko. Iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo zinokufuneka ukumisela unobangela we-acidosis yakho.

Unyango lwe-acidosis

Oogqirha bahlala befuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba i-acidosis yakho ichonge indlela yokuyinyanga. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasetyenziselwa naluphi na uhlobo lwe-acidosis. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika isodium bicarbonate (baking soda) ukuphakamisa i-pH yegazi lakho. Oku kunokwenziwa ngomlomo okanye nge-intravenous (IV) drip. Unyango lwezinye iintlobo ze-acidosis lunokubandakanya ukunyanga unobangela wazo.

I-acidosis yokuphefumla

Unyango lwale meko luhlala luyilelwe ukunceda imiphunga yakho. Umzekelo, unokunikwa iziyobisi ukuze unciphise indlela yakho yomoya. Unokunikwa ioksijini okanye isixhobo soxinzelelo somoya esiqhubekayo (CPAP). Isixhobo se-CPAP sinokukunceda uphefumle ukuba unomoya ophazamisayo okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha.

I-metosis acidosis

Iindidi ezithile ze-metabolic acidosis nganye inonyango lwayo. Abantu abane-hyperchloremic acidosis banokunikwa ngomlomo i-sodium bicarbonate. I-Acidosis yokusilela kwezintso inokunyangwa nge-sodium citrate. Abantu abanesifo seswekile abane-ketoacidosis bafumana ulwelo lwe-IV kunye ne-insulin yokulinganisa i-pH yabo. Unyango lwe-Lactic acidosis lunokubandakanya izongezo ze-bicarbonate, ulwelo lwe-IV, ioksijini, okanye ii-antibiotics, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.

Iingxaki

Ngaphandle konyango olukhawulezileyo, i-acidosis inokukhokelela kwezi ngxaki zilandelayo zempilo:

• amatye ezintso
• iingxaki ezingapheliyo zezintso
• ukusilela kwezintso
• isifo samathambo
• ukukhula okucothayo

Uthintelo lwe-Acidosis

Awunakho ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-acidosis. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

I-acidosis yokuphefumla

Unokwenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphefumla i-acidosis:

• Thatha amayeza okuthomalalisa njengoko kumiselwe kwaye ungaze uwaxube notywala.
• Yeka ukutshaya. Ukutshaya kungonakalisa imiphunga yakho kwaye kwenza ukuphefumla kungasebenzi kakuhle.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokwenza kube nzima kuwe ukuba uphefumle.

I-metosis acidosis

Unokwenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-metabolic acidosis:

• Hlala hydrated. Sela amanzi amaninzi kunye nolunye ulwelo.
• Gcina ulawulo lwesifo seswekile. Ukuba ulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kakuhle, unokuyiphepha i-ketoacidosis.
• Yeka ukusela utywala. Ukusela okungapheliyo kunokunyusa ukwanda kwe-lactic acid.

Umbono we-Acidosis

Abanye abantu bachacha ngokupheleleyo kwi-acidosis. Abanye abantu baneengxaki zomsebenzi, ukungaphefumli kakuhle, kunye nokusilela kwezintso. I-acidosis eqinileyo inokubangela ukothuka okanye nokufa.

Ukuchacha kakuhle kwi-acidosis kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sayo. Ngokukhawuleza, unyango oluchanekileyo luchaphazela ngamandla ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.